Skip to main content

Full text of "The Confederate reveille : memorial edition"

See other formats 


Library  of 
The  University  of  North  Carolina 


COLLECTION  OF 
X<  >RTH  CAROL1N f  A X  A 


ENDOWED  BY 
JOHN  8PRUNT  HILL 

of  the  Class  of  1889 


FOR  USE  ONLY  IN 
THE  NORTH  CAROLINA  COLLECTION 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2011  with  funding  from 

University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hil 


http://www.archive.org/details/confederatereveunit 


J? 


General  BRYAN  GRIMES. 


THE  CONFEDERATE  REVEILLE 


MEMORIAL  EDITION. 


PUBLISHED   BY 


THE  PAMLICO  CHAPTER  OF  THE  DAUGHTERS  OF  THE  CONFEDERACY, 

WASHINGTON,  N.  C,  MAY  10,  1898. 


RALEIGH: 

Edwards  &  Broughton,  Printers  and  Binders. 


TO   THE    MEMORY 

OF   THE 

SOLDIERS   WHO    FOUGHT   AND    FELL 

UNDER   THE 

WAVE   OF   ROBERT   E.    LEE'S   SWORD, 

AND   ARE 

SLEEPING   IN    UNBROKEN    RANKS 

WITH    THE 

DEW   ON    THEIR    BROWS   AND   THE   RUST   ON   THEIR    MAIL. 


CONTENTS. 


*  PAGE. 

Maj. -General  Bryan  Grimes - Frontispiece 

Introductory Mrs.  W.  B.  Morton  5 

Washington  During  the  Civil  War Hon.  C.  F.  Warren  7 

Maj. -General  Bryan  Grimes  (Extracts  from  Peele's  Lives  of  Dis- 
tinguished  North    Carolinians,  and  from   Address  of  H.  A. 

London)  .  _ _ 20 

Sketch  of  Fourth  Regiment  N.  C.  S.  T Contributed  27 

Gen.  L.  O'B.  Branch Maj.  J.  D.  Hughes  31 

Branch  Artillery Contributed  35 

How  the  Yankees  Found  Tar  River _ Capt.  J.  D.  Myers  39 

North  Carolina  to  the  Rescue Capt.  Edward  Tripp  40 

Maj. -General  W.  D.  Pender  ( Extracts  from  Peele*s  Lives  of  Dis- 
tinguished Nortli  Carolinians) 42 

Brig. -General   James  Johnston  Pettigrew  (Extracts  from  Peele's 

Lives  of  Distinguished  North  Carolinians)  _  _ 46 

Lieut. -General  D.  H.  Hill    __ Contributed  51 

Col.  David  Miller  Carter M.  W.  55 

Judge  William  B.  Rodman R.  E.  T.  55 

Col.  Joseph  Hubbard  Saunders Col.  J.  Bryan  Grimes  61 

Col.  George  B.  Singeltary Maj.  Pulaski  Cowper  63 

Maj.  Thomas  Sparrow Contributed  66 

Dr.  David  T.  Tayloe Col.  J.  Bryan  Grimes  68 

William  Henry  Baron  Von  Eberstein Contributed  69 

Gov.  Daniel  Gould  Fowle C.  M .  P.  70 

Dr.  John  McDonald '.'. Hon.  C.  F.  Warren  71 

Capt.  Charles  K.  Gallagher Col.  J.  Bryan  Grimes  74 

Capt.  Fred.  Harding Contributed  76 

Capt.  J.  J.   Leith _.. Contributed  77 

Capt   A.  C.  Latham Contributed  78 

Capt.  James  Cook J.  J.  B.  78 

Capt.  John  R.  Potts.  _ Contributed  79 

Capt.  J.  J.  Guthrie ...J.  J.  H.  79 

Lt.  James  E.  M.  Howard Contributed  80 

Col.  David  N.  Bogart Contributed  81 

Lt.  Edward  Quinn  Redding Contributed  81 


to 


4  Contents. 

Lt.  Thomas  L.  Perry Reveille  82 

A  ppointment  of  a  Lady Contributed  83 

Stars  and  Bars - Reveille  83 

The  Mosquito  Fleet J.J.  B.  84 

Jefferson  Davis'  Estimate  of  North  Carolina  Troops Reveille  85 

Beaufort  County  Soldiers,  1861-1865 J.  J.  B.  88 

Pitt  County  Soldiers,  1861-1865 Henry  T.  King  94 

Craven  County  Soldiers,  1861-1865 Maj.  Graham  Daves  101 

Gov.  Zebulon  Baird  Vance Capt.  Jno.  B.  MacRae  106 

The  South  (Poem)... Father  Ryan  109 

Hon.  George  Davis. Contributed  110 

Ex-Confederate  Soldiers  Beaufort   County,  Bryan  Grimes  Camp. 

Rev.  N.  Harding  113 

List  of  North  Carolina  Generals Col.  Alston  Grimes  115 

North  Carolina  at  Appomattox Hon.  Walter  Clark  122 

The  Taking  of  Hatteras Hon.  William  H.  Patrick  124 

Ladies  Memorial  Association Contributed  125 

Reinterment  of  Soldiers M is.  Maggie  Arthur  Call  1 27 

Memorial  Day  and  Our  Orator 128 

United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy Mrs.  J.  Bryan  Grimes  131 

Roster  of  the  United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy 135 

Children  of  the  Confederacy Mrs   Maggie  Arthur  Call  144 

Roster  of  the  Camps  of  the  United  Confederate  Veterans  of  N.  C.  145 

Staff  of  Maj. -Gen.  William  DeRosset.  U.  C.  V 147 

Wit  and  Humor.   . 147 


INTRODUCTORY, 

.jt  .j*  .jt 

f(l)  PEEPETUATE  the  memory  of  our  heroes  who 
wore  the  Gray,  we,  the  Pamlico  Chapter  U.  D.  C, 
issue  this  tenth  day  of  May,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety- 
eight,  a  memorial  edition  of  kt  The  Reveille, "  a  paper 
published  at  Washington  twelve  years  ago,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  aiding  the  ex-Confederate  and  Ladies  Memorial 
Association  of  Beaufort,  in  removing  the  remains  of  the 
Confederate  dead,  in  different  portions  of  Beaufort 
County,  to  some  appropriate  spot  and  erect  to  their  mem- 
ory a  monument  worthy  of  the  Banner  we  adore  and 
of  the  "  cold  dead  hands  who  bore  it."  When  o'er  the 
Southland  echoed  the  call  to  action,  these  sons  of  dear 
old  Carolina,  without  wavering,  without  faltering,  res- 
ponded to  the  bugle  call. 

"On,  where  swords  were  clanging,  clashing. 
On,  where  balls  were  crushing,  crashing." 
"  On  to  victory  or  death." 

And  shall  not  their  deeds  go  sounding  down  the  ages  ? 
With  hearts  filled  with  reverence  and  tears,  we  have 
gathered  from  records  of  the  past,  and  from  the  pens  of 
our  living,  a  few  accounts  of  that  brave  band  who  now 
await  the  reveille  of  the  resurrection  morn.  What 
greater  honor  could  Carolina's  daughters  wish  than  to 
tell  in  song  and  story  of  her  sons  who  died  for  her. 
Voices  of  her  waters  echo  as  they  flow,  voices  of  her 
pines  sighing  their  requiem  to  the  dead,  tell  of  the  pride 
and  love  that  the  bivouac  fire  of  memory  keeps  burning 
ever  of  the 

"Valiant  hosts  now  scattered." 

Mrs.   W.   B.   Morton. 


Committee  on   Finance. 
Miss  Elizabeth  S.  Latham. 


Committee  on  history. 
Miss  Licla  T.  Rodman,  Mrs.  C.  M.  Payne, 

Mrs.  Mary  Grimes  Smith,  Miss  Jennie  J.  Burbank, 

Miss  E.  M.  B.  Hoyt,  Miss  Margaret  Blount, 

Miss  Janie  M3rers. 


Committee  on  Miscellanies. 
Mrs.  W.  B.  Morton,  Mrs.  S.  C.  Bragaw 


Committee  on  Poetry. 
Mrs.  Jennie  Jarvis. 


Committee  on   Wit  and   Humor. 

Miss  Kate  L.  Carraway,  Mrs.  J.  B.  Grimes, 

Mrs.  T.  T.  Beckwith. 


Advertising  Committee. 
Miss  Alice  Bogart,  Mrs.  Jno.  Gaskell, 

Miss  Margaret  G.  Hoyt,  Mrs.  Jno.  Marsh, 

Miss  vS.  M.  Gallagher,  Mrs.  Jos.    F.  Tayloe. 


THE  CONFEDERATE  REVEILLE. 

J*  Jt  .j*  Jt 

WASHINGTON   DURING  Th|E  CIVIL  WAR. 

On  March  14th,  1862,  New  Berne  was  captured  by 
the  Federal  forces  under  General  Burnside.  The  can- 
nonade could  be  distinctly  heard  at  Washington.  Just 
before  the  battle  at  New  Berne  the  bridge  over  Pamlico 
River  at  Washington  was  partially  destroyed  by  incen- 
dary  fire,  at  night,  to  prevent  the  Confederates  from 
uniting  with  the  command  of  General  Branch  defend- 
ing New  Berne.  Upon  the  fall  of  New  Berne  the  town 
of  Washington  was  evacuated  by  the  Confederate  for- 
ces, which  included  a  Georgia  regiment,  commanded  by 
Colonel  McMillan.  All  that  part  of  Eastern  North  Car- 
olina adjacent  to  Pamlico  and  Albemarle  Sounds  and 
the  rivers  emptying  into  them  passed  under  Federal 
control,  and  remained  until  the  capture  of 'Plymouth  by 
the  Confederates  under  General  Hoke,  a  period  of  two 
years.  The  limits  of  Federal  occupation,  however,  were 
closely  confined  to  the  sounds  and  navigable  streams 
and  to  the  garrisoned  towns  upon  them. 

THE  ENTRANCE  OF  FEDERALS. 

On  March  20th,  1862,  the  Twenty-fourth  Massachu- 
setts, Colonel  Stevenson,  was  sent  from  New  Berne  to 
Washington  on  the  transport  Guide,  accompanied  by 
the  gunboats,  Delaware,  Louisiana  and  Commodore  Bar- 


8  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

ney.  This  expedition  was  stopped  the  next  morning  six 
miles  below  the  town  by  the  blockade  which  the  Con- 
federates had  placed  across  the  river  at  Hill's  Point. 
This  blockade  consisted  of  rows  of  piling  driven  into  the 
bed  of  the  river  and  sawed  off  about  three  feet  below 
the  surface  of  the  water.  The  gunboat.  Delaware, 
with  two  companies,  passed  the  blockade  and  landed  at 
the  wharves  of  the  town.  The  transport  and  other 
gunboats  remained  at  the  blockade.  At  this  time  Wash- 
ington had  been  entirely  evacuated  by  the  Confederates, 
and  no  resistance  was  encountered.  The  two  compa- 
nies, preceded  by  the  regimental  band,  marched  from 
the  wharf  to  the  court-house  and  hoisted  the  Stars  and 
Stripes.  The  band  played  national  airs  and  the  men 
cheered.  They  then  marched  through  the  principal 
streets  to  the  gunboat,  and  the  fleet  returned  to  New 
Berne.  These  were  the  first  Federal  soldiers  to  ent,jr 
the  town.  The  Colonel  in  his  report  states  that  he  saw 
some  evidences  of  Union  sentiment  among  the  citizens 
of  the  town.  It  was  probably  confined  to  few  individ- 
uals. Soon  after  the  return  of  the  expedition  to  New 
Berne  a  permanent  garrison,  consisting  of  cavalry,  in- 
fantry and  artillery  occupied  the  town  and  held  it 
until  the'spring  of  1864.  Gunboats  were  anchored  in 
the  river  in  front  of  the  town.  After  the  occupation  of 
the  town  there  were  a  number  of  affairs  between  out- 
posts, including  a  spirited  action  at  Tranter's  ('reek,  on 
June  5th,  1862,  between  the  Forty-fourth  North  Caro- 
lina, Colonel  George  B.  Singeltary.  and  eight  companies 
of  the  Twenty-fourth  Massachusetts,  Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel F.  A.  Osborn,  one  company  of  the  Third  New  York 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  9 

Cavalry,  Captain  Jocknick,  and   two   pieces  of  Marine 
Artillery.  Lieutenant  Avery. 

The  gunboat,  Picket,  Captain  Nicoll,  went  up  the 
river  shelliog  the  woods  between  the  river  and  the 
Greenville  road.  She  was  too  far  distant  from  the  scene 
of  action  at  Hardison's  Mill,  upon  Tranter's  Creek,  to 
take  part  in  it.  Colonel  Singeltary  wab  killed  and  sev- 
eral wounded  on  the  part  of  the  Confederates.  Unfor- 
tunately there  are  no  official  Confederate  reports  of  this 
action  published  in  the  War  Records.  The  Federals  lost 
4  killed  and  1 1  wounded,  three  of  them  mortally.  From 
all  accounts  the  Federals  returned  to  Washington  much 
demoralized.  After  the  death  of  Colonel  Singeltary, 
fearing  a  landing  of  troops  in  the  rear  from  the  gun- 
boat, the  Confederates  also  retreated. 

THE    SEPTEMBER    ATTACK. 

About  4  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  September  Oth, 
1862,  a  Confederate  force,  consisting  of  infantry,  cavalry 
and  a  battery  of  artillery,  under  the  command  of  Gen- 
eral J.  G.  Martin,  attacked  the  town.  The  Federal  gar- 
rison then  consisted  of  five  companies  of  the  Third  New 
York  Cavalry,  Colonel  Mix,  two  companies  (G  and  H) 
of  the  Third  New  York  Artillery,  two  companies  of  the 
Twenty-fourth  Massachusetts,  and  two  companies  of  the 
First  North  Carolina  ^Union).  Two  gunboats,  the 
Picket,  Captain  Nicoll,  and  the  Louisiana,  Captain  Ren- 
shavv,  were  anchored  in  front  of  the  town.  The  Picket 
was  just  above  the  bridge,  near  the  blockade,  and  the 
Louisiana  just  below  the  bridge,  opposite  the  Havens' 
warehouse.     The  Federal  garrison,  including  the  crews 


lo  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

of  the  two  gunboats,  numbered  about  1,000  men.  The 
Confederates  had  about  the  same  number  of  men.  There 
are  no  official  Confederate  reports  of  the  engagement 
published  in  the  War  Records,  and  their  strength,  com- 
position and  losses  are  not  given.  The  battery  of  artil- 
lery was  the  Adams  battery,  raised  in  Beaufort  County. 
Among  the  cavalry  was  the  company  commanded  by 
Captain  Rufus  S.  Tucker  raised  in  Wake  and  Johnstou 
counties  and  recruited  in  Pitt  county.  There  were  de- 
tachments from  the  Seventeenth  North  Carolina  and 
other  infantry  regiments.  A  number  of  citizens,  who 
had  moved  away  when  the  town  was  occupied  by  the 
Federals,  accompanied  the  attacking  force  and  acted  as 
guides.  The  Confederates  surprised  the  outer  line  of 
pickets,  killing  aud  wounding  them,  and,  dashing  into 
the  towa.  surprised  a  company  of  artillery,  in  barracks 
at  the  Academy,  capturing  4  brass  6-pounders  and  some 
prisoners.  These  guns  had  been  captured  from  A.  C. 
Latham's  battery  by  the  Federals  at  New  Berne.  The 
Confederate  infantry  approached  the  town  through  the 
Grist  field  and  entered  at  the  west  end.  The  cavalry 
and  artillery  entered  by  the  Greenville  roady  Just  be- 
fore the  cavalry  turned  into  Bridge  Street  from  the 
Greenville  road,  Captain  Booth,  commanding  the  cav- 
alry, was  shot  by  one  of  the  Federal  pickets  and  was 
dangerously  wounded.  The  command  of  the  cavalry 
then'devolved  upon  Captain  Tucker.  The  attack  was 
made'with  great  spirit  before  daylight.  There  was  con- 
siderable fog  in  the  early  morning  which,  together  with 
the  darkness,  made  it  difficult  to  distinguish  friend  from 
foe.     At  the  time  of  the  attack  there  were  some  field 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  11 

works  and  blockhouses,  but  the  formidable  chain  of 
forts  and  intrench  ments  around  the  town  were  con- 
structed later  in  the  war.  The  Federals  were  surprised, 
but  still  were  not  unprepared.  As  the  Confederates  en- 
tered the  town  from  the  west,  four  companies  of  cavalry 
and  a  battery  of  artillery  from  the  garrison  had  formed 
and  were  marching  from  town  at  the  east  end  for  Ply- 
mouth to  co-operate  with  the  Federal  gunboats  upon 
Roanoke  River  in  attacking  Hamilton.  J}-;' This  column 
was  just  emerging  from  the  town  as  the  firing  began  at 
the  west  end.  The  column  counter-marched  at  a  gallop, 
and  one  company  charged  up  Main  Street,  encounter- 
ing some  squads  of  Confederate  cavalry  near  Market 
Street,  driving  them  back  upon  the  infantry,  which  by 
this  time  had  advanced  to  Bridge  Street.  The  Federal 
cavalry  were  then  repulsed  with  loss.  Two  companies 
of  Federal  cavalry  charged  up  Second  and  Third  Streets, 
but  were  driven  back  by  the  Confederates.  Upon 
Second  Street  the  Confederates  planted  a  piece  of  artil- 
lery irrJront  of  the  Methodist  church  and  opened  fire 
upon^a  Federal  gun  at  the  intersection  of  Second  and 
Respess  streets.  The  elms  were  in  full  leaf  and  the 
street  between  the  two  guns  was  filled  with  branches 
shot  from  the  trees.  On  Main  Street  squads  of  Confed- 
erate cavalry  and  infantry  advanced  as  far  east  as  Mar- 
ket Street.  Just  after  the  fight  opened  the  Picket  blew 
up,  killing  her  captain  and  19  of  the  crew  and  wound- 
ing 6  others.  The  cause  of  the  explosion  was  not 
clearly  ascertained,  but  was  probably  due  to  carelessness 
or  accident  in  opening  the  magazine  when  her  men  were 
ordered  to  quarters.     The  wreck  still  lies  in  the  river 


12  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

near  the  blockade.  When  Burnside's  expedition  entered 
Hatteras  Inlet  he  had  his  headquarters  upon  this  gun- 
boat Picket.  Colonel  Potter,  the  commandant  of  the 
post,  planted  at  the  intersection  of  Main  and  Bridge 
streets  a  12-pounder,  supported  by  his  entire  infantry 
force,  and  opened  fire  upon  the  Confederates  between 
Main  and  Second  streets  and  around  the  Academy.  The 
firing  in  this  part  of  the  town  was  very  sharp  and  con- 
tinued for  nearly  three  hours,  the  combatants  approach- 
ing within  fifty  or  sixty  yards  of  each  other  and  firing 
across  lots  from  behind  houses  and  fences.  A  number 
of  men  were  here  killed  and  wounded  upon  both  sides 
and  two  sets  of  gunners  were  shot  down  at  the  Federal 
gun.  Both  sides  held  on  with  great  tenacity.  The  Fed- 
eral infantry  were  driven  back  to  the  warehouses  upon 
the  wharves  under  the  cover  of  the  guns  of  the  Loui- 
siana, but  still  kept  up  a  hot  fire.  The  Louisiana  then 
turned  her  guns  upon  the  town  and  threw  shot  and  shell 
through  that  part  from  the  Havens'  residence  west- 
ward. Few  houses  in  the  line  of  her  fire  escaped  and 
after  the  fight  that  part  of  the  town  presented  a  shat- 
tered and  wrecked  appearance.  What  is  now  the  Satch- 
well  residence  was  completely  riddled.  \  At  times  the 
fire  of  the  gunboat  was  silenced  by  the  fire  of  the  Con- 
federate infantry.  Cavahy  fighting  in  the  meantime 
was  going  on  in  the  outskirts  and  different  streets  of  the 
town,  extending  as  far  east  as  Market  Street.  The  Fed- 
eral cavalry  made  a  dash  down  Bridge  Street  and  a  hand 
to  hand  fight  occurred  in  front  of  the  James  W.  Eed- 
ding  and  the  DeMille  residences.  Several  men  were 
killed  and  wounded  at  this  point  and  the  Federal  Squad- 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  13 

ron  was  driven  back  with  loss.  Mrs.  Eedding,  in  the 
front  room  of  her  house,  was  wounded.  The  marks  of 
this  fight  are  still  to  be  seen  upon  the  porch  in  front  of 
the  house.  Failing  to  surprise  the  garrison  by  reason 
of  the  detachment  for  Plymouth  being  already  formed 
and  upon  the  march  and  unable  to  silence  the  fire  of  the 
gunboat,  the  Confederates  withdrew,  carrying  with 
them  the  four  captured  guns.  It  was  a  well  contested 
action  and  creditable  to  the  gallantry  of  both  sides.  The 
Federals  lost  27  killed,  53  wounded  and  1  missing,  ac- 
cording to  their  report.  They  claimed  to  have  found  12 
dead  and  12  wounded  Confederates  upon  the  streets  and 
to  have  captured  2(>  prisoners.  The  Confederates  car- 
ried off  a  part  of  their  dead  and  wounded.  It  is  probable 
that  the  loss  on  each  side  was  about  equal.  Wm.  O.  Res- 
pess  was  severely  wounded  upon  the  porch  of  the  Carra- 
way  residence,  on  the  west  side  of  Bridge  Street,  between 
Main  and  Second  streets,  while  firing  upon  the  Federal 
gunners  serving  the  gun  at  the  foot  of  Bridge  Street. 

THE   SIEGE. 

The  Confederate  forces  under  General  D.  H.  Hill  be- 
gan the  siege  of  the  town  on  March  30th,  1863.  The 
object  of  General  Hill's  movement  in  Eastern  North 
Carolina  was  to  collect  supplies  of  corn,  meat  and  forage 
for  the  Confederate  armies  and  to  capture  the  town  of 
Washington  and  its  garrison.  Unfortunately,  the  Con- 
federates had  no  gunboats  or  ironclads,  as  at  Plymouth 
the  next  year,  to  effectually  close  and  command  the 
river.  This  was  the  weak  point  in  the  investment  of 
the  town  and  permitted  tbe  passage  at  night  of  vessels 
and  transports  carrying  ammunition,  commissary  stores 


14  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

and  reinforcements  to  the  garrison.  The  besieging  force 
consisted  of  the  brigades  of  Daniel  and  Pettigrew,  on  the 
south  side  of  Pamlico  River,  and  the  brigade  of  Gar- 
nett  of  Pickett's  division,  upon  the  north  side.  There 
were  a  number  of  batteries  of  artillery  and  some  cavalry. 
In  all  the  force  under  General  Hill  engaged  in  the  siege, 
numbered  about  9,000  men.  The  Confederates  seized 
Hill's  Point,  occupied  the  old  fort  constructed  by 
them  at  the  beginning  of  the  war  and  held  in  check 
the  large  fleet  of  Federal  gunboats  and  transports  en- 
deavoring to  force  the  passage  of  the  river  and  relieve 
the  garrison  of  the  town.  Rodman's  Quarter  was  also 
seized  by  the  Confederates  and  a  battery  of  Whitworth 
guns  placed  in  position.  The  brigades  of  Daniel  and 
Pettigrew,  extending  from  Chocowinity  Cross-roads  to 
Blount's  Creek,  covered  the  rear  of  the  forts  and  pre- 
vented the  relief  of  the  garrison  by  the  Federal  forces 
at  New  Berne.  The  Federal  garrison  consisted  of  eight 
companies  each  of  the  Twenty-seventh  and  Forty-fourth 
Massachusetts,  two  companies  of  the  First  North  Caro- 
lina (Union),  one  company  of  the  Third  New  York  cav- 
alry and  one  company  of  the  Third  New  York  Artillery. 
The  gunboats,  Louisiana,  Commodore  Hull,  Eagle  and 
Ceres  were  in  front  of  the  town.  The  garrison,  at  the 
beginning  of  the  siege,  numbered  about  1,500  men.  On 
the  night  of  April  13th,  the  transport  Escort  ran  the 
batteries  with  the  Fifth  Rhode  Island,  raising  the 
strength  of  the  garrison  to  about  2,000  men.  The  for- 
tifications around  the  town  were  well  constructed  and 
were  of  -great  strength.  A  deep  moat,  for  the  greater 
part  filled  with  water,  ran  along  the  front  of  the  works. 


The": Confederate  Reveille.  15 

The  woods  had  been  felled  around  the  town  for  a  half 
mile  or  more  in  front  of  the  fortifications  to  allow  the 
play  of  the  guns  and  to  render  attack  difficult.  tXDuring 
the  progress  of  the  siege  the  Federals  continued  at  night 
to  strengthen  their  works.  A  fort  was  constructed  in- 
side the  town  at  the  foot  of  the  bridge  to  command  the 
river  road  and  the  streets  of  the  town.  The  fort  was 
levelled  after  the  war.  They  built  forts  upon  the  river 
front,  above  the  bridge,  and  upon  the  Castle  Island,  sit- 
uated in  the  river  opposite  the  town.  The  Confederates 
did  not  attempt  to  assault  the  works,  hoping  to  reduce 
the  town  by  siege.  The  fleet  of  gunboats  below  Hill's 
Point  daily  engaged  the  Confederate  batteries  without 
effect.  Fearing  to  land  and  to  attempt  the  capture  of 
the  fort  by  assault  on  account  of  the  strength  of  the 
position  and  the  supporting  force  under  Fettigrew,  the 
transports  with  the  troops  returned  to  New  Berne.  The 
Federals  marched  overland  from  New  Berne  under  the 
command  of  General  Spinola.  The  forces  of  Spinola, 
numbering  over  8,000  men,  were  met  by  General  Petti- 
grew on  April  9th,  at  Ruffs  Mill,  upon  Blount's  Creek, 
and  were  driven  back.  The  Confederates  constructed 
a  battery  in  the  swamp  at  the  foot  of  the  Old  Ferry 
road,  just  opposite  the  town,  and  opened  fire  upon  the 
gunboats,  but  were  unable  to  hold  the  position.  Every 
day  during  the  continuance  of  the  siege  the  Confederate 
batteries  engaged  the  Federal  forts  and  gunboats.  Many 
shot  and  shell  fell  in  the  town  especially  from  the  bat- 
tery of  "W mitworth  guns  at  Rodman's  Quarter.  Some 
of  the  citizens  constructed  bombproofs  upon  their  lots, 
and  when  the  firing  became  hot  would  seek  their  pro- 


16  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

tection.  Unable  to  effectually  blockade  the  river,  and 
in  consequence  of  orders  to  despatch  a  large  part  of  the 
besieging  force  to  reinforce  the  army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia, the  Confederates,  on  April  loth,  raised  the  siege 
of  the  town.  The  capture  of  the  town  by  assault  would 
not  have  justified  the  sacrifice  of  life  required.  To  judge 
of  the  severity  of  the  artillery  fire,  the  Commodore  Hull 
was  hit  in  the  first  four  days  of  the  siege  by  ninety- 
eight  shots  from  the  battery  of  Whitworth  guns. i/An 
act  of  great  gallantry  was  performed  by  the  Federal 
commander,  General  Foster.  After  the  reinforcement 
of  the  garrison  by  the  Fifth  Rhode  Island,  General  Fos- 
ter, at  daylight,  on  April  loth,  ran  the  Confederate  bat- 
teries in  the  steamer  Escort.  The  steamer  was  hit  forty 
times  and  the  pilot  at  the  wheel  was  killed  by  a  rifle 
shot.  The  losses  on  both  sides  during  the  siege  were 
small.  The  brigades  of  Garnett,  Daniel  and  Pettigrew 
were  soon  transferred  to  the  Army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia. They  formed  a  part  of  Lee's  army  in  the  inva- 
sion of  Pennsylvania  and  sustained  great  losses  at  Gettys- 
burg. 

THE    BURNING   OF   THE   TOWN. 

The  Confederates  under  General  Hoke,  on  April  20th, 
1 864:,  captured  the  town  of  Plymouth  with  its  garrison 
of  nearly  3,000  men.  It  was  a  brilliant  operation  and 
reflected  great  credit  upon  General  Hoke  and  his  com- 
mand. The  ram  Albemarle  soon  after  the  surrender 
of  Plymouth  was  sunk  by  Lieutenant  Gushing  with  a 
torpedo.  Had  it  not  been  for  this  misfortune,  it  is 
highly  probable  that  Washington  and  New  Berne  would 
have  shared  the  fate  of  Plymouth  and  all  Eastern  North 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  17 

Carolina  been  restored  to  the  Confederacy.  Immediately 
upon  the  fall  of  Plymouth  General  Harland,  in  com- 
mand at  Washington,  was  ordered  to  evacuate  the  town. 
On  April  30th,  the  last  Federal  troops,  after  firing  differ- 
ent portions  of  the  town,  embarked.  For  the  three  pre- 
ceding days  the  town  was  given  up  to  sack  and  pillage. 
The  plundering  was  not  confined  to  the  public  stores  and 
supplies,  but  was  geueral  and  indiscriminate.  General 
I.  N-.  Palmer,  who  is  still  pleasantly  remembered  by  the 
citizens  of  Eastern  North  Carolina  for  his  kindness  and 
consideration  as  well  as  for  his  soldierly  qualities,  at 
that  time  commanded  the  District  of  North  Carolina. 
He  was  an  honorable  foe.  In  the  general  orders  issued 
after  the  evacuation,  he  thus  characterizes  these  out- 
rages: "It  is  also  well  known  that  the  army  vandals  did 
not  even  respect  the  charitable  institutions,  but  burst- 
ing open  the  doors  of  the  Masonic  and  Odd  Fellows 
lodges,  pillaged  them  both  and  hawked  about  the  streets 
the  regalia  and  jewels. 

It  is  also  well  known,  too,  that  both  public  and  pri- 
vate stores  were  entered  and  plundered,  and  that  de- 
vastation and  destruction  ruled  the  hour. 

The  commanding  general  had  until  this  time  believed 
it  impossible  that  any  troops  in  his  command  could  have, 
committed  so  disgraceful  an  act  as  this,  which  now 
blackens  the  fair  fame  of  the  Army  of  North  Carolina. 
He  finds,  however,  that  lie  was  sadly  mistaken,  and 
that  the  ranks  are  disgraced  by  men  who  are  not  sol- 
diers, but  thieves  and  scoundrels,  dead  to  all  sense  of 
honor  and  humanity,  for  whom  no  punishment  can  be 
too  severe." 


18  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

A  board  of  investigation,  presided  over  by  Colonel 
James  W.  Savage,  Twelfth  New  York  Cavalry,  among 
other  things,  reported  as  follows:  "  At  about  11  p.  m. 
on  26th  of  April,  1864,  Brigadier-General  Harland,  in 
command  at  Washington,  N.  C,  received  orders  to  evac- 
uate that  place,  and  in  pursuance  of  his  instructions  the 
post  was  finally  abandoned  about  1  p.  m.  on  the  30th. 
The  intended  evacuation  seems  to  have  become  known, 
or  to  have  been  generally  suspected,  on  Wednesday  the 
27th  of  April.  During  the  afternoon  of  that  day  there 
appears  to  have  been  instances  of  theft,  and  before 
morning  of  Thursday  pillaging  commenced,  at  first  in 
the  Quartermaster's  store  of  the  First  North  Carolina 
(Union)  Volunteers,  which  during  the  day  became 
general.  Government  stores,  sutlers'  establishments, 
dwelling  houses,  private  shops  and  stables,  suffered 
alike.  Gangs  of  men  patrolled  the  city,  breaking  into 
houses  and  wantonly  destroying  such  goods  as  they 
could  not  carry  away.  The  occupants  and  owners  were 
insulted  and  defied  in  their  feeble  endeavors  to  protect 
their  property.  The  influence  and  authority  of  officers, 
though  sufficient  to  restrain  these  excesses  when  they 
were  personally  present,  was  forgotten  or  set  at  naught 
as  soon  as  they  tvere  out  of  sight,  and  the  sack  was 
checked  only  by  the  lack  of  material  to  pillage,  and 
C3ased  only  with  the  final  abandonment  of  the  town. 
It  is  claimed,  and  may  be  true,  that  some  portion  of 
these  outrages  arose  from  a  general  impression  that  a 
large  amount  of  stores  and  property  would,  upon  the 
abandonment  of  the  place,  either  be  destroyed  or  left 
to  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  but  this  is  probably 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  19 

not  seriously  regarded  by  any  one  as  a  justification,  or 
even  palliation,  of  the  utterly  lawless  and  wanton  char- 
acter of  the  plundering." 

The  fire  broke  out  at  lo  o'clock  in  the  morning  of 
April  ?>oth,  as  the  last  Federal  troops  were  embarking. 
It  burned  from  the  river  through  to  the  northern  limits 
of  the  town,  extending  from  VanNorden  nearly  to  Res- 
pess  streets,  and  spreading  both  to  the  east  and  west  as 
the  flames  advanced.  The  bridge  was  fired  and  de- 
stroyed and  the  fire  extended  to  that  portion  of  the 
town.  Quite  one  third  of  the  town  was  consumed. 
Other  fires  were  kindled,  but  extinguished  by  the  citi- 
zens. Xo  military  necessity  required  the  burning  of 
the  town.  It  was  not  necessary  to  cover  the  evacuation 
or  to  aid  the  escape  of  the  garrison.  No  hostile  force 
was  then  investing  the  town.  The  Confederates  took 
possession  in  a  few  days  aud  an  accidental  fire  broke 
out  and  the  flames,  fanned  by  a  high  wind,  consumed  a 
large  part  of  the  town  east  of  Market  Street.  After  this 
baptism  of  fire  the  town  was  desolate  and  ruined. 
There  were  scarcely  five  hundred  inhabitants  remaining 
of  what  had  been  an  enterprising  and  prosperous  town 
of  thirty-five  hundred  three  years  before.  Many  of 
its  citizens  left  before  the  Federal  occupation  and 
sought  refuge  in  the  interior  towns  of  the  State  and 
elsewhere.  They  remained  where  the  chances  of  war 
earned  them,  as  their  property  and  homes  were  de- 
stroyed. The  entire  colored  population  departed  at  the 
evacuation.  The  streets  were  deserted  and  the  stores 
and  most  of  the  private  residences  were  unoccupied. 
No  work  or  business  of  any  kind  went  on  in  the  town. 


20  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

The  work  of  restoration  has  been  slow.  For  many  years 
the  chimneys  stood  to  mark  the  path  of  the  conflagra- 
tion, and,  even  now,  after  the  lapse  of  a  third  of  a  cen- 
tury, the  waste  places  have  not  all  been  built  up.  No 
town  gave  more  freely  of  its  men  and  means,  and  no 
town  suffered  more  for  the  cause  of  the  Confederacy. 

Charles  F.   Warren. 


Major-General   BRYAN  GRIMES.* 


Bryan  Grimes,  a  Major  General  in  the  Provisional 
Army  of  the  Confederate  States  of  America,  was  born 
November  2,  1828.  at  Grimesland;  assassinated  August 
14,   1880. 

He  received  an  academic  education  at  Bingham  School, 
N.  C,  and  graduated  at  the  University  of  North  Caro- 
lina, 1848.  On  his  return  from  Europe,  I860,  he  became 
a  member  of  the  iL  Secession  Convention. "  The  ordi- 
nance of  secession  being  signed  May  '20,  1861,  he  resigned 
his  seat  in  the  Convention  and  offered  his  services  to 
Governor  Ellis,  who  commissioned  him  Major  of  Fourth 
North  Carolina  State  Troops,  then  organizing  at  Garys- 
burg.  On  May  1st  he  was  appointed  Lieutenant  Colo- 
nel of  his  regiment. 

At  Seven  Pines  Lieutenant  Colonel  Grimes  led  his 
regiment  into  battle  with  twenty-five  officers. and  five 
hundred  and  twenty  non-commissioned  officers  a.nd  men; 
out  of  that  number  four  hundred  and  sixty-two  men 
and  every  officer  except  himself  were  either  killed  or 

*  Extracts  from  Peele's  "  Lives  of  Distinguished  North  Caroilnians," 
and  H.  A.  London's  Memorial  Address. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  21 

wounded.  Such  carnage  is  almost  unparalleled  in  the 
annals  of  war  and  seems  incredible.  *  *  *  In  attack- 
ing the  enemy's  fortifications  his  horse's  head  was  blown 
off  by  a  cannon  ball ;  the  horse  fell  so  suddenly  as  to  catch 
his  foot  and  leg  under  it.  The  regiment,  thinking  him 
killed,  began  to  falter,  when  he  waved  his  sword  and 
shouted,  "Forward!  Forward!1'  AV  hereupon,  some  of 
his  men  coming  to  his'  assistance,  pulled  the  horse  off, 
and  he  sprang  to  his  feet,  seized  the  flag  of  the  regi- 
ment, that  was  lying  on  the  ground  (the  color-bearer  and 
all  color-guard  having  been  killed  or  wounded),  and 
rushing  forward,  captured  the  fortifications. 

He  was  appointed  Colonel  of  the  Fourth  Regiment, 
June  19,  1862.  After  the  battle  of  Mechanicsville,  Gen- 
eral Anderson  complimented  the  Fourth  Regiment,  say- 
ing: "  That,  although  small  in  numbers,  Colonel  Grimes 
and  his  regiment  is  the  keystone  of  my  brigade."  In 
November,  1862,  he  w^as  assigned  to^  the  temporary 
command  of  Anderson's  Brigade,  which  he  commanded 
at  Fredericksburg  and  until  February,  L863. 

At  the  battle  of  Boonsboro  Colonel  Grimes  had  another 
horse  killed  under  him ;  and  just  here  it  may  be  proper 
to  mention,  that  altogether,  during  the  war,  he  had 
seven  horses  killed  under  him  in  battle. 

The  first  and  second  days  at  Chancellorsville  Colonel 
Grimes  fought  his  regiment  with  desperate  valor,  and 
on  thf}  third  day  charged  over  troops  who  refused  to  go 
forward,  and  crossed  bayonets  with  the  enemy.  In  this 
charge  Colonel  Grimes'  sword  was  severed  by  a  ball,  his 
clothing  perforated  in  many  places — a  ball  imbedded  in 
his  sword  belt  and  scabbard,  and  he  received  a  severe 


22  The  Confederate  Reveille, 

contusion  on  the  foot.  The  regiment  here  had  forty-six 
killed  and  one  hundred  and  fifty-seven  wounded,  out  of 
three  hundred  and  twenty-seven  officers  and  men  car- 
ried into  action.  Truly,  may  we  claim  that  this  charge 
was  as  gallant,  daring  and  self-sacrificing  as  the  world- 
renowned  charge  of  kt  the  immortal  six  hundred  "  at 
Balaklava. 

On  the  advance  into  Pennsylvania  Colonel  Grimes 
with  his  regiment  dispersed  the  Pennsylvania  militia, 
and  went  on  picket  duty  eight  miles  from  Harrisburg. 
At  Gettysburg  he  and  his  regiment  were  the  first  to  en- 
ter the  town,  and  drove  the  enemy  through  Gettysburg 
to  the  heights  beyond,  capturing  more  prisoners  than 
there  were  men  in  his  command.  Had  this  temporary 
success  been  followed  promptly  by  Lee's  army,  Gettys- 
burg would  not  have  sounded  the  death  knell  of  the 
Southern  Confederacy.  In  the  retreat  from  Pennsylva- 
nia Colonel  Grimes  was  placed  in  the  rear  guard  and 
assisted  efficiently  in  protecting  the  retreating  army.  It 
seems  always  to  have  been  the  fate  of  this  officer  to  oc- 
cupy the  post  of  honor  and  danger — in  the  front  in 
every  advance,  and  in  the  rear  in  every  retreat,  begin- 
ning with  Yorktown  in  '62,  and  ending  at  Appomattox 
in  '65.  This  fact  speaks  louder  than  any  words,  the 
great  confidence  placed  in  him  by  his  superior  officers. 
He  declined  to  represent  the  Second  District  of  North 
Carolina  in  October,  \^iVi\,  Wk  preferring  to  remain  in  ac- 
tive service  in  the  field  until  peace  and  independence 
was  secured/* 

On  May  12,  1864,  the  enemy  captured  the  Confeder- 
ate breastworks  at  the  Horse  Shoe,  also  many  guns  and 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  23 

two  thousand  of  General  Edward  Johnson's  men.  The 
gallant  Ramseur  being  wounded  in  attempting  to  retake 
the  breastworks,  Colonel  Grimes,  on  his  own  responsi- 
bility, ordered  a  second  charge,  himself  leading  it,  and 
recovered  the  entire  works  and  all  the  guns,  capturing 
many  prisoners  and  killing  more  of  the  enemy  than  the 
brigade  numbered  men.  General  Lee  himself  rode  down 
and  thanked  them,  telling  them  they  deserved  the 
thanks  of  the  country — they  had  saved  his  army. 

On  May  l-2th, General  Daniel,  being  mortally  wounded, 
requested  that  Colonel  Grimes  be  assigned  to  his  com- 
mand. On  June  5th  Colonel  Grimes  received  his  com- 
mission as  Brigadier  General.  The  commission  bearing 
the  date,  May  19th,  on  which  day  he  handled  the  brigade 
with  such  efficiency  that  the  Division  Commander, 
General  Rodes  (between  whom  and  Colonel  Grimes 
there  had  been  an  estrangement),  approached  him  soon 
after  the  battle  and  shaking  his  hand,  said,  44  You  have 
saved  Ewell's  corps,  and  shall  be  promoted,  and  your 
commission  shall  bear  date  from  this  day."  The  Fourth 
Regiment  made  application  to  be  transferred  to  the 
brigade  of  its  old  commander,  in  which  Colonel  Grimes 
most  heartily  joined,  but  their  request  was  not  granted. 

In  the  summer  of  1864,  General  Grimes  was  with 
Early's  forces  in  the  valley;  Early's  forces  were  gener- 
ally victorious  until  September  19th.  Here  General 
Grimes  had  his  horse  killed  under  him  and  nearly  eery 
member  of  his  staff  severely  wounded.  Early  was  again 
defeated  October  19th,  at  Cedar  Creek,  by  overwhel- 
ming numbers.  General  Grimes  made  desperate  efforts 
to  stem  the  tide,  exposing  himself  with  an  utter  indif- 


94  The   Confederate   Reveille. 

ference  to  danger  in  his  efforts  to  rally  the  panic-stricken 
troops,  and  having  two  horses  killed  under  him  at  this 
battle.  Here  the  heroic  Ramseur  was  mortally  wounded 
and  General  Grimes  placed  in  command  of  his  Division, 
and  retained  that  command  until  Lee's  surrender,  his 
commission  as  Major  General  being  issued  the  following- 
February. 

On  November  -2-2,  lSf!4.  Grimes1  attenuated  Division 
by  itself  routed  four  thousand  of  Sheridan's  formidable 
cavalry. 

Grimes'  Division  at  Petersburg  held  over  three  miles 
of  the  "  trenches,"'  and  at  Fort  Stedman  captured  the 
enemy's  works,  sending  to  the  rear-  as  prisoners  a  Gen- 
eral and  five  hundred  men.  Pickett's  Division  failed  to 
support,  and  the  enemy  soon  collected  a  force  ten  times 
as  large  as  ours,  and  compelled  our  men  to  withdraw 
after  a  most  stubborn  fight  of  two  hours.  In  this  short 
engagement  Grimes'  Divison  lost  four  hundred  and  sev- 
enty-eight officers  and  men.  In  this  fight  General 
Grimes  was  the  only  Confederate  on  horseback,  riding 
a  captured  horse,  thus  rendering  himself  a  conspicuous 
target  for  the  enemy's  fire;  but,  notwithstanding  his 
great  danger,  he  rode  up  and  clown  the  lines,  urging  on 
and  encouraging  his  men,  who,  enthused  with  admira- 
tion of  his  dauntless  courage,  cheered  him  most  lustily. 

On  April  5,  before  daylight,  the  enemy  captured  part 
of  pur  lines,  known  as  Rune's  Salient,  and  held  by  Bat- 
tle's Alabama  Brigade.  In  a  few  moments  General 
Grimes  on  foot  rushed  down  the  line,  calling  on  his  old 
brigade  to  follow  him,  and  began  rallying  the  troops 
who  were  retiring  before  the  advancing  enemy.   Seizing 


The   Confederate   Reveille.  25 

a  musket  from  a  soldier,  he  himself  opened  fire  on  the 
enemy,  and  by  his  cool  courage  soon  restored  confidence 
to  his  men,  and  the  enemy's  further  advance  was 
checked.  The  lighting  was  desperate  and  bloody,  and 
if  all  Lee's  army  could  have  held  backAthe  enemy  that 
day  as  successfully  as  did  Grimes'  Division,  Petersburg- 
would  not  that  night  have  been  evacuated. 

On  April  7,  the  Division  made  a  brilliant  charge  and 
recaptured  the  lines  from  which  Mahone's  Division  had 
just  been  driven.  General  Lee  was  uear  and  saw  this 
charge,  and  at  once  sent  for  General  Grimes,  and  per- 
sonally thanked  him  for  this  service.  Before  daylight 
on  the  morning  of  the  Uth,  Grimes'  Division,  which 
always  occupied  the  post  of  greatest  danger,  was  hur- 
ried from  the  rear,  where  it  had  been  covering  the  re- 
treat, and  placed  in  advance.  Here  General  Grimes, 
becoming  impatient  at  a  long  conference  between  Gen- 
erals Fitzhugh  Lee  and  Gordon  as  to  which  should  at- 
tack, said  it  was  some  one's  duty,  and  that  at  once,  and 
he  would  undertake  it;  whereupon  General  Gordon  told 
him  to  do  so,  and  placed,  in  addition  to  his  own  divis- 
ion, the  other  two  divisions  of  the  corps,  Evans'  and 
Walker's;  Bushrod  Johnson's  Divison  and  Wise's  Brig- 
ade, having  been  placed  under  his  command  two  or 
three  days  previously.  General  Grimes  attacked  the 
enemy  and  drove  them  back  nearly  a  mile,  taking  a 
great  number  of  prisoners  and  several  pieces  of  artil- 
lery. He  then  sent  a  message  to  General  Gordon  an- 
nouncing his  success,  and  that  the  road  to  Lynchburg 
was  now  open.  This  was  the  last  effort  of  the  expiring 
Confederacy. 


26  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

In  concluding  his  account  of  the  surrender  at  Ap- 
pomattox, General  Grimes  said:  "  Upon  reaching  my 
troops' and  Jbeing  asked  by  one  of  the  soldiers  if  Lee  had 
surrendered;  and  upon  answering,  that  I  feared  it  was 
a  fact  that  we  had  been  surrendered,  he  cast  away  his 
musket  and  holding  his  hands  aloft,  cried  in  an  agonized 
voice,  "Blow,  Gabriel,  blow!  My  God.  let  him  blow,  I 
am  ready  to  die  ! " 

We  then  went  beyond  the  creek  at  Appomattox 
Court  House,  stacked  arms,  amid  the  bitter  tears  of 
bronzed  veterans,  regretting  the  necessity  of  capitula- 
tion. Among  the  incidents  ever  fresh  in  my  memory 
of  this  fatal  day,  is  the  remark  of  a  private  soldier. 
When  riding  up  to  my  old  regiment  to  shake  by  the 
hand  each  comrade  who  had  followed  me  through  lour 
years  of  suffering,  and  toil,  and  privation  often  worse 
than  death,  to  bid  them  a  final,  affectionate,  and  in 
many  instances  an  eternal  farewell,  a  cadaverous,  bare- 
footed, ragged  man  grasped  me  by  the  arm  and  choking 
with  sobs,  said:  "Good  bye,  General;  God  bless  ;/ou ; 
we  will  go  home,  make  three  more  crops,  and  then  try 
them  again !"  I  mention  this  instance  simply  to  show 
the  spirit,  the  pluck  and  the  faith  of  our  men  in  the 
justice  of  our  cause,  and  that  they  surrendered  more  to 
grim  famine  than  to  the  prowress  of  our  enemy.  *  "' 
But  the  end  had  come,  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia 
had  surrendered,  the  star  of  the  young  Confederacy  had 
forever  set,  its  tattered  and  blood-stained  banners  were 
forever  furled,  and  its  brave  defenders,  with  "  the  con- 
sciousness of  duty  well  performed,"  returned  to  their 
desolated  homes  and  devastated  fields.       *     ";f     * 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  27 

THE  FOURTH   REGIMENT  N.  C.  S.  T. 


Perhaps  the  history  of  no  single  regiment  of  the  Con- 
federate Army  presents  a  bloodier  chapter  than  the 
plain,  unvarnished  record  of  the  Fourth  Regiment  North 
Carolina  State  Troops. 

This  regiment,  which  enlisted  "  for  the  war  "  was  or- 
ganized in  May,  18(U.  at  Garysburg,  N.  C,  and  was 
mustered  into  the  Confederate  service  June  28th,  1861. 

Its  original  officers  were  Colonel  G.  B.  Anderson, 
Lieutenant  Colonel  John  A.  Young;  Major  Bryan 
Grimes,  etc.  It  was  afterwards  at  different  times  un- 
der the  command  of  those  gallant  soldiers,  James  H. 
Wood,  A.  K.  Simonton,  D.  M.  Carter,  W.  T.  Marsh, 
John  W.  Durham,  J.  F.  Stancill,  E.  A.  Osborne  and  J. 
B.  Forcum.  The  adjutants  were  Thomas  L.  Perry,  W. 
S.  Barnes,  etc.  Of  the  ten  (10)  companies  composing 
this  regiment  three  ( 8 )  were  from  Iredell  County ;  two 
(2)  from  Rowan;  one  (1)  from  Wayne;  one  (1)  from 
Wilson;  one  (1)  from  Davie,  and  two  (2)  companies,  E. 
and  I.,  from  Beaufort. 

The  officers  of  Company  E.  were  Captain  D.  M.  Car- 
ter; First  Lieutenant,  Thomas  L.  Berry;  Second  Lieu- 
tenant, E.  J.  Redding;  Second  Lieutenant,  Daniel  P. 
Latham. 

The  officers  of  Company  I.  were:  Captain  W.  T. 
Marsh;  First  Lieutenant,  Leo  R.  Creekman;  Second 
Lieutenant,  Noah  B.  Suten;  Second  Lieutenant,  Bryan 
Bonner. 

Space  will  not  allow  a  sketch  of  this  regiment,  but  it 


28 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


was  engaged  at  the  following  places  and  in  the  "Valley 
Campaign1 '  occasionally  twice  at  the  same  place: 


Williamsburg. 
Yorktown. 
Seven  Pines. 
Mechanicsville. 
Cold  Harbor. 
Malvern  Hill. 
Second  Manassas. 
Seven  Days'  Fight  Around  Rich- 
mond. 
Boonsboro. 
Sharpsburg. 
Port  Royal. 
Fredericksburg. 
Chancellorsville. 
Brandy  Station. 
Upperville, 
Berryville. 
Martinsburg. 
Gettysburg. 
Front  Royal. 
Snicker's  Gap. 
Morton's  Ford. 
Mine  Run. 
Monocacy. 
.Frederick  Citv. 


Rockville. 

Centreville. 

Warrenton  Junction. 

Catlett's  Station. 

Germania  Ford. 

Wilderness. 

Spottsylvania  Court-House. 

Near  Winchester. 

Winchestester. 

Charlestown. 

Shepardstown. 

Stevenson's  Depot. 

Bunker  Hill. 

Strasburg. 

New  Market. 

Port  Republic. 

Fisher's  Hill. 

Cedar  Creek. 

Trenches  at  Petersburg. 

Hare's  Hill. 

Rune's  Salient. 

Ream's  Station. 

Sailor's  Creek. 

Appomattox. 


At  Seven  Pines  the  regiment  justly  earned  its  subri- 
quet  of  the  "  Bloody  Fourth.'"  The  regiment  was  here 
commanded  by  Lieutenant  Colonel  Bryan  Grimes,  who 
led  the  charge,  and  was  the  only  officer  surviving  the 
fight  unwounded.  The  Fourth  went  into  this  fight  with 
520  men  and  25  officers — "the  noble  545."  In  carry- 
ing the  works  it  lost  462  men  and  2-t  officers  killed  and 
wounded ;  this  was  the  bloodiest  charge  of  the  war.    In 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  29 

this  battle  all  the  color-guard  being:  killed,  the  intrepid 
and  heroic  John  Stikeleather  became  color-bearer,  and 
proudly  bore  the  banner  to  its  surrender  at  Appomattox. 

At  Cold  Harbor  Colonel  Bryan  Grimes  led  the  victo- 
rious charge,  carrying  the  colors  on  hor$e-back  until  his 
horse  was  killed  under  him.  In  this  action  the  regi- 
ment, which  was  reduced  to  only  150  men,  lost  8  killed 
and  50  wounded. 

At  Sharpsburg  all  the  commissioned  officers  being- 
killed  or  wounded,  the  "  faithful  few, "  as  General  Hill 
called  them,  was  commanded  by  an  orderly  Sergeant. 
In  this  fight  the  heroic  Major  W.  T.  Marsh  was  killed 
while  gallantly  leading  the  regiment. 

At  Chanceilorsville  the  regiment,  charging  over  the 
backs  of  troops  who  refused  to  go  forward  when  or- 
dered, crossed  bayonets  with  the  enemy  and  lost  4f> 
killed,  157  wounded  and  58  captured,  out  of  327  officers 
and  men. 

The  regiment  was  provost  guard  at  Hagerstown,  Mary- 
land. In  invading  Pennsylvania,  the  Fourth  occupied 
Carlyle,  eleven  ill)  miles  from  Harrisburg,  the  furthest 
point  north  that  was  reached  by  any  other  Confed- 
erate regiment. 

At  Gettysburg  the  Fourth  was  the  first  regiment  to 
enter  the  town,  and  could  easily  have  occupied  the 
heights  but  for  a  blunder  of  superior  officers.  In  the 
first  day's  fight  this  regiment  captured  more  prisoners 
than  it  numbered  men.  The  second  and  third  day  it  was 
held  in  reserve ;  on  the  fourth  day  it  was  under  heavy 
fire,  and  on  the  retreat  it  assisted  in  protecting  the  rear 
of  Lee's  broken  army. 


30  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

At  Spottsylvania  Court-house  the  regiment  killed 
more  Yankees  than  it  had  men,  and  the  Ironsides  Brig- 
ade, of  which  General  Anderson  said  the  Fourth  Regi- 
ment was  ikthe  keystone, "  was  thanked  hy  General 
Lee  in  person,  he  saying  that  they  kk  deserved  the 
thanks  of  the  country";  that  they  "had  saved  his 
army." 

On  July  11,  1864,  the  flag  of  the  Fourth  Regiment 
floated  in  sight  of  the  dome  of  the  Capitol  at  Washing- 
ton. At  Fisher's  Hill  the  regiment  remained  intact, 
and  assisted  in  holding  the  enemy  in  check  until  night. 
At  Cedar  Creek  Ramseur's  division,  to  which  the  Fourth 
Regiment  belonged,  covered  the  rear  of  Early's  routed 
forces.  From  Petersburg  to  Appomattox  the  Fourth 
was  daily  engaged,  and  was  part  of  the  rear  guard  of 
the  remnant  of  Lee's  grand  army.  At  Sailor's  Creek 
they  displayed  their  invincible  courage,  and  participated 
in  the  gallant  charge  that  provoked  from  the  grand  old 
commander,  kl  God  bless  North  Carolina — she  is  first  and 
last  in  every  charge. 

On  the  morning  of  the  surrender  it  assisted  in  driving- 
back  the  Yankee  horde  nearly  a  mile,  capturing  prison- 
ers and  artillery.  It  was  part  of  the  command  that  fired 
the  last  volley  at  Appomattox.  These  gallant  troops 
fought  ragged  and  foot-sore  without  pay ;  they  flinched 
not  in  battle  and  half  starved,  only  murmered  very 
rarely  for  ik  bread." 

No  oath-bound  McGregor  ever  followed  Clan  Alpine's 
fiery  cross  with  more  devoted  zeal  than  did  these  gallant 
Southrons  the  starry  cross  of  the   Southern  Republic. 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


31 


Geoeral   L.   O'B.    BRANCH- 


Lawrence  O'Brien  Branch  returned  from  Congress 
March  4th,  1861,  and  actively  advocated  the  immediate 
secession  of  his  native  State.  In  April  of  that  year  vol- 
unteers having  been  called  for,  he  joined  the  Ealeigh 
Rifles  as  a  private.     On  the  20th  of  May,  at  the  earnest 


General  L.  O'B.  Branch. 

request  of  Governor  Ellis,  he  accepted  the  office  of  Quar- 
termaster General  of  North  Carolina,  but,  being  anxious 
to  enter  into  active  service  in  the  field,  he  resigned  the 
position,  and  in  September,  1861,  was  commissioned  Col- 
onel of  the  Thirty-third  Regiment  North  Carolina  troops. 
This  he  organized  in  a  thoroughly  efficient  manner,  and 
it  went  into  the  war  one  of  the  most  admirable  regi- 
ments in  officers  and  men  that  our  good  old  State  sent 


*  Extracts  from  Address  of  Maj.  Jno.  D.  Hughes. 


V2  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

to  the  field ;  it  did  most  gallant  service,  and  furnished 
two  general  officers  to  the  Confederacy — Branch,  who 
was  made  a  Brigadier  on  the  17th  of  January,  1862,  and 
the  gallant  Hoke,  who  rapidly  rose,  by  his  splendid 
qualities  as  a  soldier,  to  the  position  of  Major  General. 
Soon  after  his  appointment  General  Branch  took  com- 
mand at  New  Berne,  and  on  the  4th  of  March,  1862, 
bravely  led  his  raw  and  comparatively  undisciplined 
troops,  consisting  of  volunteers  and  militia,  against  the 
trained  troops  of  General  Burnside.  He  made  a  gallant 
stand  against  overwhelming  odds,  and,  after  a  desperate 
fight,  succeeded  in  bringing  off  his  command  with  but 
slight  loss.  He  retired  to  Kinston,  from  whence  he  was 
ordered  to  Virginia,  and  directed  to  join  the  forces  of 
Stonewall  Jackson.  His  brigade,  consisting  of  the  Sev- 
enth, Eighteenth,  Twenty-eighth,  Thirty-third  and 
Thirty-seventh  North  Carolina  Regiments,  formed  a 
splendid  body  of  men,  who  were  destined  to  play  a  con- 
spicuous part  in  the  bloody  drama  so  soon  to  be  enacted 
in  Virginia.  They  went  to  Gordonsvilie  by  rail,  and 
thence  started  on  foot  to  join  Jackson;  but  after  a  long 
march  wTere  ordered  back  to  Hanover  Court-house,  with- 
out having  reached  him.  Near  the  latter  place  they 
fought,  under  General  Branch,  the  celebrated  battle  of 
Slash  church,  as  it  was  named  at  the  time,  against  an 
enormous  host  of  the  enemy,  consisting  of  the  division 
of  General  Porter  and  part  of  the  division  of  General 
Sedgewick.  He  succeeded  with  his  brave  little  band 
in  holding  them  in  check  during  the  entire  day,  and 
safely  brought  his  forces  from  the  field  at  night,  for  all 
of  which  he  was  specially  commended  by  General  Lee  in 
a  letter,  Of  which  the  following  is  a  copy: 


The   Confederate  Reveille.  33 

Headquarters  Army  Northern  Virginia. 
Brig. -Gen.  L.   (TB.   Branch,  Commanding. 

General  :  The  report  of  your  recent  engagement  with 
the  enemy  at  Slash  church  (Hanover  Court-house),  has 
been  forwarded  by  Maj. -General  Hill.  IJ;ake  great  pleas- 
ure in  expressing  my  approval  of  the  manner  in  which 
you  have  discharged  the  duties  of  the  position  in  which 
you  were  placed  and  of  the  gallant  manner  your  troops 
opposed  a  very  superior  force  of  the  enemy.  I  beg  you 
will  signify  to  the  troops  of  your  command  which  were 
engaged  on  that  occasion  my  hearty  approval  of  their 
conduct,  and  hope  that  on  future  occasions  they  will 
evince  a  like  heroism  aud  patriotic  devotion. 
I  am,  very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

R.  E.  Lee, 

General. 

Then  rapidly  followed  the  brilliant  battles  of  the  seven 
days  in  front  of  Richmond,  in  each  of  which  he  displayed 
the  utmost  coolness,  courage  and  judgment,  handling 
his  troops  in  a  manner  to  command  the  admiration  of 
all  beholders;  his  bravery  in  fact  was  so  conspicuous 
that  he  became  a  hero  in  the  eyes  of  his  troops,  and 
they,  in  their  enthusiasm  and  devotion,  regarded  him 
as  being  in  his  soldierly  qualities — 

•'As  constant  as  the  Northern  Star 
Of  whose  true,  fixed  and  resting  quality 
There  is  no  fellow  in  the  firmament." 

During  these  engagements  Captain  Canady,  A.  A.  G. 
of  his  staff,  was  taken  sick  and  died;  Major  W.  A. 
Blount,  A.  D.  C  ,  was  wounded;  Captain  Hawks,  engi- 
neer officer,  was  disabled,  and  General  Branch  was  con- 
sequently  alone   in   the  field    with    Captain   James  A. 


34  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

Bryan,  his  very  efficient  Ordnance  officer,  to  accompany 
him.  his  Quartermaster  and  Commissary  being  under 
orders  with  their  trains.  His  brigade  in  the  brief  space 
of  six  months  was  engaged  in  more  than  fifteen  pitched 
battles,  besides  skirmishes.  The  intense  activity  of  this 
campaign  is  almost  unprecedented,  and  can  be  better 
appreciated,  when  I  say  to  you  that,  during  that  time 
General  Branch  averaged  one  battle  for  every  twelve 
days. 

Sharpsburg  was  a  fatal  field  for  him.  He  had  with 
his  command  just  swept  the  enemy  before  him,  and 
driven  them  in  such  confusion  and  dismay  that  all  filing 
had  ceased  in  his  immediate  front,  when  Generals  Gregg 
and  Archer  directed  his  attention  to  a  V-shaped  column 
of  the  enemy  that  was  advancing  against  the  troops  on 
his  left.  He  stepped  forward  and  formed  with  these 
Generals  a  little  group,  which  evidently  attracted  the 
attention  of  some  sharp-shooters  of  the  other  side,  for 
just  as  he  was  raising  his  field  glasses  to  his  eyes,  a  sin- 
gle shot  was  fired,  and  a  bullet  was  sent  to  do  its  deadly 
work,  which,  striking  him  in  the  right  cheek,  passed  out 
back  of  his  left  ear;  he  fell  dying  into  the  arms  of  the 
faithful  and  gallant  Major  Engelhard  of  his  staff,  than 
whom  North  Carolina  sent  no  truer  man  to  the  front. 


The  Confederate,  Reveille.  35 

V 

BRANCH   ARTILLERY. 


To  the  Confederate  cause  Beaufort  County  was  no 
small  contributor.  There  is  scarcely  »  fireside  around 
which  some  hallowed  memory  does  not  linger,  so  nobly 
did  her  people  respond. 

The  companies  and  regiments  formed  within  her  bor- 
der, the  brave  and  gallant  bearing  of  her  officers,  the 
daring  intrepidity  of  her  private  soldiers  are  conspicu- 
ous in  the  history  of  our  country ;  no  less  conspicuous 
upon  the  battlefield  were  her  contributions  to  other 
commands. 

''In  January,  18f>2,  by  the  indomitable  energy  of 
Alexander  C.  Latham,  than  whom  there  was  no  more 
brave,  chivalrous,  patriotic  soldier  enlisted  in  the  cause, 
a  company  was  formed  in  our  sister  town  of  New  Berne. 
It  was  commissioned  by  Governor  John  D.  Ellis  under 
the  name  of  "  Branch  Artillery,"  in  honor  of  the 
lamented  General  L.  (VB.  Branch;  it  was  originally  a 
six-gun  battery  of  light  field  pieces,  and  was  officered 
by  Alexander  C.  Latham.  Captain;  John  R.  Potts,  First 
Lieutenant;  Samuel  W.  Latham,  Junior  First  Lieuten- 
ant; Wheeler,  Second  Lieutenant.^/ This  battery,  com- 
posed of  men  fresh  from  peaceful  pursuits,  was  moved 
down  to  line  of  defense,  six  miles  below  the  city  of  New 
Berne,  in  which  position  it  did  not  remain  many  hours, 
before  the  advancing  column  of  the  enemy  showed  itself, 
and  in  a  moment  tne  Branch  Artillery  received  its  bap- 
tism of  tire,  at  the  hands  of  General  Burnside.  Gallantly 
did  it  bear  itself  in  this  its  first  ordeal,  and  suffered  ter- 


'M\  The   Confederate  Reveille. 

rible  loss  in  both  men  and  horses;  and  when,  after  six 
hours  of  superhuman  effort,  having  repulsed  time  and 
again  the  enemy,  the  lines  under  heavy  pressure  gave 
way,  to  the  right  and  left.  A  little  army  of  4,000,  not 
ten  of  whom,  officers  and  men,  had  ever  been  in  battle 
before,  having  contended  with  a  fleet  of  gunboats  and 
L3,000  of  the  best  troops  in  the  Federal  service,  with  a 
reserve  force  of  7,000.  For  raw  troops,  they  behaved 
with  a  gallantry  truly  grand,  that  merited  and  received 
the  plaudits  of  their  commanding  officers.  After  re- 
treating from  New  Berne  and  halting  for  awhile  at  Kin- 
ston  to  recruit  its  ranks.  Lieutenant  John  M.  Perry, 
with  thirty-five  brave  followers,  sons  of  Carteret  County, 
were  transferred  to  this  battery ;  here,  also,  Henry  G-. 
Flanner  joined  it,  with  the  rank  of  Junior  Second  Lieu- 
tenant. Its  equipment  of  guns  was  received,  and  orders 
to  report  in  Richmond  for  duty.  This  battery  was  iden- 
tified with  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  from  that 
date,  sharing  in  all  its  varying  fortunes.  Upon  the  ar- 
rival in  Richmond  the  battery  was  immediately  ordered 
to  join  the  forces  of  General  Jackson,  then  operating  in 
thevalley,  which  poiDt,  however,  it  did  not  reach,  as  near 
Hauover  Court-house  it  encountered  the  enemy,  2,000 
strong,  under  General  Fitz  John  Porter  and  part  of  the 
division  of  Sedgwick;  and  here  this  battery  alone,  with 
Branch's  immortelles,  2,500  strong,  held  this  compara- 
tively colossal  force  at  bay  for  twelve  long  hours.  The 
battery  here  was  almost  decimated,  and  for  its  gallant 
and  heroic  endurance  received  the  ' '  well  done  ' '  of  its 
Brigade  Commander,  General  Branch.  Complimented 
by  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston,  then  commanding,  in  a 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  :>7 

special  order.  The  battery  after  this  engagement,  had 
again  to  be  recruited  by  an  addition  of  one  hundred 
conscripts,  chiefly  from  counties  of  Wake  and  Johnston, 
good  and  true  men.  The  battel  y  was  now  joined  to  the 
corps  of  Stonewall  Jackson  around  ^Richmond,  and 
thenceforward  until  the  death  of  Jackson,  the  history 
of  the  daring  dash  of  this  world-renowned  corps  is  but 
the  repetition  of  the  history  of  this  battery J^Tt  the  first 
battle  of  Fredericksburg  the  battery  had  the  opportu- 
nity of  again  encountering  the  fire  of  Burnside,  at  whose 
hands  they  had  suffered  so  severely  in  their  first  engage- 
ment below  New  Berne.  On  this  occasion  the  battery 
was  posted  at  night  in  a  margin  of  woods  near  Hamil- 
ton's crossing,  and  as  the  day  dawned  it  revealed  the 
enemy  on  a  smooth  open  plateau ;  as  the  sun  rose  the 
furious  engagement  commenced.  Than,  high  above  the 
din  of  battle  and  the  requiem  shrieks,  of  shot  and  shell, 
rose  the  reverberations  of  its  guns,  which  floated  over 
the  Rappahanock  and  thundered  in  the  ear  of  Burnside, 
shielded  from  harm  on  Stafford  heights.  From  morn- 
ing till  night  the  carnival  of  death  went  on,  and  when 
night  closed  the  scene,  the  stars  looked  down  upon  a 
once  mighty  host  crushed,  humbled  and  broken,  and  on 
a  vain  glorious  commander,  shorn  of  his  expectant  glory 
and  renown,  routed  horse,  foot  and  dragoon. 

In  the  December  following  this  campaign,  Lieuten- 
ant John  R.  Potts,  who  had  been  constantly  at  his  post, 
conspicuous  for  his  gallant  bearing,  under  most  trying- 
circumstances,  was  commissioned  its  Captain ;  upon  bet- 
ter shoulders  the  mantle  of  command  could  not  have 
fallen,  brave,  courageous,   commanding  respect,  inspir- 

4 


38  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

ing  that  confidence  which  made  him  a  leader  worthy  to 
be  followed. 

There  was  scarcely  a  day  that  the  thunder  of  this 
battery  was  not  echoed  over  the  hills  of  Virginia;  and 
under  the  leadership  of  its  gallant  young  commander 
the  record  of  its  services  comprise  much  of  that  of  the 
splendid  Army  of  Northern  Virginia.  Indeed  the  old 
adage,  k  k  Death  strikes  at  a  shining  mark, ' '  was  verified 
in  the  fall  of  this  gallant  young  son  of  Beaufort,  taken 
in  the  vigor  of  youth,  around  him  clustering  all  the  no- 
ble virtues  that  adorn  the  perfect  man.  He  sealed  his 
devotion  to  his  country  on  the  fated  battle  field  of 
Spottsylvania.  If  devotion,  industry,  talent  and  gallan- 
try are  the  highest  attributes  of  a  soldier,  then  he  is  en- 
titled to  the  distinction  their  possession  confers. 

After  the  death  of  Captain  Potts,  May  8,  1864,  the 
command  devolved  on  Captain  Henry  G.  Flanner,  who 
handled  it  with  the  same  skill  and  intrepidity  that  had 
ever  characterized  its  conduct  through  four  years  of  ac- 
tive service. 

The  banner  of  the  cause  went  down  overpowered,  but 
not  dishonored,  after  waiving  in  triumph  over  more 
than  one  hundred  battle  fields  before  it  was  called  the 
conquered  banner  and  furled  forever  at  Appomattox, 
leaving  as  a  rich  heritage  to  its  followers  a  spotless 
record  of  untarnished  devotion  to  principle. 

"  Reveille.  " 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  39 


HOW  THE  YANKEES  FOUND  TAR  RIVER. 

When  the  Confederates  were  preparing  to  evacuate 
Washington,  N.  C,  in  March,  1862,  they  sent  men  to 
destroy  all  cotton  and  naval  stores  that  would  be  likely 
to  fall  into  the  possession  of  the  enemy.  At  Taft's  Store 
they  found  about  one  thousand  barrels  of  tar  and  tur- 
pentine; and  as  they  could  not  burn  it  without  burning- 
several  houses,  they  rolled  the  barrels  to  the  river  bank, 
cut  the  hoops  in  two  and  dumped  them  in  the  river.  In 
June  of  the  same  year  I  was  going  up  Tar  River  on  the 
steamer  Governor  Morehead,  at  Taft's  Store  we  met  the 
steamer,  Colonel  Hill,  with  two  flat  boats  carrying' four 
hundred  Yankee  soldiers  from  the  prison  at  Salisbury, 
N.  C,  to  Washington,  N.  C,  to  be  exchanged.  The  Col- 
onel Hill  had  tied  up  at  dark,  and  the  prisoners,  wishing 
to  take  a  bath,  the  officer  in  command  had  stationed 
guards  with  torches  on  both  banks  of  the  river,  and  gave 
them  permission  to  wade  in,  which  they  did,  and  stirred 
up  the  tar  and  turpentine  from  the  bottom  of  the  river, 
and  they  got  well  smeared  with  it.  When  we  came  up 
to  them  each  man  had  his  rations  of  meat  in  one  hand 
and  a  small  piece  of  stick  in  the  other,  greasing  and 
scraping  for  dear  life.  We  shut  off  steam,  when  I  hailed 
them  with,  "Hello  boys,  what's  the  matter."  The  reply 
was,  ' '  We  have  heard  of  Tar  River  all  our  lives,  but 
never  believed  that  there  was  any  such  place,  but  be 
damned  if  we  haven't  found  it,  the  whole  bed  of  it  is 
tar."  J.  D.   Myers. 


40  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

NORTH  CAROLINA  TO  THE  RESCUE. 


I  have  selected  as  my  subject  an  event  that  happened 
during  the  night  after  the  second  day  at  Gettysburg. 
In  the  many  descriptions  I  have  read  of  that  famous 
tattle,  I  have  not  seen  any  account  of  it,  but  all  the  old 
veterans  of  Ramseur's  Brigade  now  surviving,  who  were 
present  and  participated,  will  never  forget  it  while  life 
lasts. 

Our  division,  Rodes',  of  Swell's  Corps,  arrived  on  the 
field  of  Gettysburg  July  1st,  and  immediately  went  into 
acton.  If  I  mistake  not,  it  was  the  eveniug  of  the  1st, 
as  we  had  marched  from  Carlisle  or  uear  there  that 
morning.  Two  corps  of  Federal  troops  had  reached 
Gettysburg  sometime  before  cur  arrival  and  had  formed 
ready  for  action;  the  divisions  of  Ewell's  corps  imme- 
diately attacked  and  drove  them  from  the  field.  The 
result  of  the  first  day's  battle  was  a  decided  Confederate 
victory — the  Federals  were  driven  from  the  field,  their 
artillery  captured  and  about  five  thousand  made  pris- 
oners. The  sharp-shooters  of  Ramseur's  Brigade  pur- 
sued and  fought  the  retreating  Federals  through  the 
streets  of  Gettysburg.  Ramseur's  Brigade  was  the  first, 
or  among  the  first,  to  enter  the  town ;  we  expected  to  con- 
tinue our  advance  and  occupy  the  heights  beyond,  and 
with  the  remnants  of  the  two  Federal  corps  flying  be- 
fore us,  routed  and  disorganized,  this  could  have  been 
easily  accomplished ;  but  for  reasons  yet  unexplained, 
we  were  halted  in  the  suburbs  of  the  town  and  during 
the  night  formed  in  line  of  battle,  along   the  Emmets- 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  -11 

l)ii rg  road,  to  the  right  of  the  town,  in  front  of  Ceme- 
tery Hill,  which  at  that  moment  was  virtualy  ours,  if 
we  would  only  take  possession,  but  iu  a  few  hours  more 
lost  to  us  forever. 

The  morning  of  the  2d  of  July  dawned  upon  us,  and 
there  was  presented  to  our  view,  upon  the  formidable 
heights  in  our  front,  frowning  with  artillery  and  heavy 
masses  of  infantry,  which  had  arrived  during  the  night. 

Ramseurs  Brigade  was  not  engaged  in  regular  battle 
during  the  day,  though  the  sharp-shooters  were  pelting 
away  in  our  front,  and  late  in  the  afternoon  the  skir- 
mishing became  very  severe.  There  was  heavy  firing 
to  our  right  in  front  of  A.  P.  Hill  and  Longstreet.  Just 
at  night  we  received  orders  to  be  ready  to  move  at  a  mo- 
ment's notice,  and  were  informed  that  we  were  to  storm 
and  take  Cemetery  Hill,  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet ;  to 
meet  the  enemy  in  the  broad  light  of  day  requires  nerve, 
long  preparation  and  the  rigid  restraints  of  military  dis- 
cipline, to  make  of  the  soldier,  the  company,  the  regi- 
ment, the  brigade,  the  division,  the  corps  and  the  army 
an  automatic  machine,  so  that  the  movements  of  the 
one  can  be  readily  made  to  conform  to  the  evolutions  of 
the  whole  with  little  or  no  friction.  Along  with  the 
ordar  came  the  announcement  that  when  we  had  driven 
back  the  enemy  and  had  gained  the  crest  of  the  hill 
amid  the  darkness  and  confusion  in  order  that  we  might 
recognize  friend  from  foe,  we  were  to  cry  out  "  North 
Carolina  to  the  rescue.'1 

The  same  was  attempted,  and  at  the  command  to  rise 
and  forward,  every  man  sprang  to  his  feet  and  moved 
cautiously  and  silently  up  the  slope  of  the  hill,  deter- 


12  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

mined  to  conquer  or  die.  I  distinctly  remember  my  own 
feelings  on  this  occasion,  but  language  fails  me  to  intel- 
ligently describe  them.  We  advanced  so  near  the  crest 
of  the  hill  that  we  could  hear  the  Federal  officers  of  ar- 
tillery and  infantry  cautioning  their  men  to  reserve  their 
fire,  but  at  this  supreme  moment  we  received  orders  to 
retire  and  did  so,  as  cautiously  and  as  silently  as  we  had 
advanced. 

We  had  performed  our  duty ;  some  one  had  failed  to 
do  theirs;  history  will  yet  tell  who  they  were.  It  is  idle 
now  to  conjecture  what  might  have  been  the  result  had 
the  move  been  carried  out  in  all  its  details. 

Edward  Tripp, 
Late  1st  Lieut.  Co.  E.,  tfh  N.  C.  S.  T. 


Major-General   WILLIAM   DORSEY   PENDER.- 


In  perusing  the  sketch,  by  Judge  Walter  A.  Mont- 
gomery, of  General  William  Dorsey  Pender,  we  learn 
many  interesting  facts  concerning  that  great  soldier.  He 
was  born  in  Edgecombe  County,  North  Carolina,  on  the 
8th  of  February,  1834,  and  entered  the  United  States 
Military  Academy,  at  West  Point,  on  the  1st  of  July, 
1850.  From  that  institution  he  graduated  in  1851,  and 
was  at  once  assigned  to  the  First  Artillery  as  Brevet 
Second  Lieutenant.  He  was  then  commissioned  Second 
Lieutenant  in  the  Second  Artillery,  and,  in  1855,  was 
transferred  to  the  First  Regiment  of  Dragoons,  as  First 
Lieutenant.     He   participated   in   numerous   desperate 

♦Extract  from  Peele"s  ■'  Lives  of  Distinguished  North  Carolinians." 


Major-General  W.  D.  Pender. 


44  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

encounters  with  the  Indians,  always  displaying  the 
courage  and  military  genius  which  narked  him  in  after 
life.  On  the  8th  of  November,  1860,  he  was  made  Adju- 
tant of  the  First  Dragoons,  with  headquarters  at  San 
Francisco.  On  January  31,  1861,  he  was  detached  and 
ordered  to  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  on  recruiting  service. 
In  February  he  was  in  Washington,  and  observed  with 
interest  the  great  crisis  which  was  then  pending.  Seeing 
that  war  was  inevitable,  he  resigned  his  commission  on 
the  21st  of  March,  and  offered  his  services  to  the  Con- 
federate Congress,  by  which  he  was  commissioned  Cap- 
tain of  Artillery,  and  afterwards  placed  in  charge  of  the 
recruiting  depot  at  Baltimore.  After  some  service  in 
the  camps  of  instruction  around  Raleigh,  he  was  elected 
Colonel  of  the  Third  North  Carolina  Regiment  on  May 
16.  At  this  time  he  was  twenty-seven  years  old.  In 
August  following  he  was  appointed  to  command  the 
Sixth  North  Carolina,  which  was  formerly  under  Colo- 
nel Fisher.  Having  personally  witnessed  his  splendid 
bearing  on  the  field  of  battle,  President  Davis  advanced 
him  to  the  grade  of  Brigadier  General,  in  June,  1862. 
It  would  far  exceed  the  limits  of  this  brief  notice  to  give 
the  many  desperate  battles  in  which  General  Pender 
participated. 

Shortly  after  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  General 
Lee  wrote  to  President  Davis:  tlIf  A.  P.  Hill  is  pro- 
moted, a  Major  General  will  be  wanted  for  his  division. 
Pender  is  an  excellent  officer,  attentive,  industrious  and 
brave ;  has  been  conspicuous  in  every  battle,  and,  I  be- 
lieve, wounded  in  almost  all  of  them." 

In  compliance  with  this  recommendation,  he  was,  on 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  45 

the  *27th  of  May,  1863,  made  Major  General,  and  was 
the  youngest  officer  in  the  Confederate  army  who  held 
that  rank,  being  only  twenty-nine  years  old.  At  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg  he  received  a  wound  in  the  leg 
from  a  fragment  of  shell,  and  amputation  afterwards 
became  necessary.  This  operation  Avas  performed  on  the 
18th  of  July,  and  he  survived  it  only  a  few  hours.  To 
his  brother  he  said:  "Tell  my  wife  that  I  do  not  fear  to 
die.  I  can  confidently  resign  my  soul  to  God.  trusting 
in  the  atonement  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ.  My  only 
regret  is  to  leave  her  and  our  children.  I  have  always 
tried  to  do  my  duty  in  every  sphere  of  life  to  which 
Providence  has  assigned  me." 

In  his  second  report  of  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Gen- 
eral Lee  said:  "The  loss  of  Major  General  W.  D.  Pender 
is  severely  felt  by  the  army  and  the  country.  He  served 
with  this  army  from  the  beginning  of  the  war.  and  took 
a  distinguished  part  in  all  its  engagements.  Wounded 
on  several  occasions,  he  never  left  his  command  in  ac- 
tion until  he  received  the  injury  that  resulted  in  his 
death.  His  promise  and  usefulness  as  an  officer  were 
only  equalled  by  the  purity  and  excellence  of  his  private 
life." 

General  Wharton,  of  Virginia,  declared  in  1898,  that 
during  the  war  he  had  heard  Lee  express  the  belief,  in 
the  presence  of  many  officers,  that  the  Battle  of  Gettys- 
burg would  hav^e  been  won  by  the  Confederate  Army  if 
Pender  had  not  been  disabled. 

On  the  3d  of  March,  1859,  General  Pender  was  united 
in  marriage  with  Miss  Prances  Shepperd,  a  daughter  of 
the    Honorable    Augustine    H.    Shepperd,    of    Forsyth 


4:6  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

County,  North  Carolina,  and  left  three  sons,  Samuel 
Turner,  William  Dorsey,  Jr.,  and  Stephen  Lee. 

In  religion,  General  Pender  was  a  member  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  church,  having  been  baptized  at 
Manassas  in  August,  1862.  Some  time  afterwards  he 
rode  quietly  into  Richmond,  by  night,  and  received  the 
right  of  confirmation  from  Bishop  Johns. 

Such  is  a  brief  outline  of  Judge  Montgomery's  sketch, 
which  preserves  for  coming  generations  the  memory  of 
this  noble  type  of  soldier  and  gentleman. 


Brig. -General   JAMES  JOHNSTON   PETTIGREW. 


The  family  of  Johnston  Pettigrew  was  one  of  the 
oldest,  wealthiest  and  most  influential  of  Eastern  Caro- 
lina. His  grandfather,  Rev.  Charles  Pettigrew,  was 
the  first  Bishop-elect  of  the  Diocese  of  North  Carolina. 
He  was  born  upon  his  father's  estate,  Bonarva,  Lake 
Scuppernong,  Tyrrell  County,  North  Carolina,  on  July 
4th,   1828. 

He  graduated  with  the  first  distinction  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  North  Carolina  in  1847.  A  few  months  after 
graduation,  at  the  request  of  Commodore  Maury,  Prin- 
cipal of  the  Naval  Observatory  at  Washington,  he  ac- 
cepted a  professorship  in  that  institution.  Having  re- 
mained there  about  eight  months,  he  resigned  and  went 
to  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  and  became  a  student  of 
law,  in  the  office  of  his  distinguished  relative,  Hon. 
James  L.  Pettigrew,  obtaining  a  license  in  1849. 

*  Extracts  from  Peele's  "  Lives  of  Distinguished  North  Carolinians,'' 
Essay  of  Capt.  W.  R.  Bond. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  17 

In  1850  he  went  to  Europe  to  study  the  civil  law  in 
the  German  Universities.  There  also  he  became  thor- 
oughly acquainted  with  the  German.  French,  Italian 
and  Spanish  languages.  He  became  so  well  acquainted 
with  Arabic  as  to  read  and  appreciate  it ;  also  with  He- 
brew. He  then  traveled  over  the  various  countries  of  the 
continent,  also  England,  Scotland  and  Ireland. 

In  185-2  he  became  Secretary  of  Legation  to  the 
United  States  Minister  at  the  Court  of  Madrid.  In  the 
winter  of  1861  he  had  printed  in  Charleston,  for  private 
circulation,  an  octavo  volume  of  four  hundred  and 
thirty  pages,  entitled,  *4 Spain  and  the  Spaniards,1*  which 
has  been  very  much  admired  by  every  one  who  has  read 
it;  for  its  learning,  its  research  and  the  elegance  of  its 
style.  Having  remained  in  Madrid  only  a  few  months, 
he  returned  to  Charleston  and  entered  upon  the  practice 
of  law  with  Mr.  James  L.  Pettigrew. 

In  December,  1856.  and  December,  1857,  he  was  cho- 
sen a  member  of  the  Legislature  from  the  city  of  Charles- 
ton. Again,  in  1859  he  went  to  Europe  with  the  inteu- 
tion  of  taking  part  in  the  war  then  in  progress  between 
Sardinia  and  Austria.  His  application  to  Count  Cavour 
for  a  position  in  the  Sardinian  army,  under  Geueral 
Marmora,  was  favorably  received.  His  rank  would  have 
been  at  least  that  of  Colonel ;  but  in  consequence  of  the 
results  of  the  battle  of  Solferino,  which  took  place  just 
before  his  arrival  in  Sardinia,  the  war  was  closed,  and 
he  was  thereby  prevented  from  experiencing  active  mil- 
itary service  and  learning  its  lessons. 

In  1859,  he  became  Colonel  of  a  rifle  regiment  that 
was  formed  and  that  acted  a  conspicuous  part  around 


48  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

Charleston  in  the  winter  of  1860 — 1861.  With  his  regi- 
ment he  took  possession  of  Castle  Pinckney,  and  was 
afterwards  transferred  to  Morris  Island,  where  he  erected 
formidable  batteries.  He  held  himself  in  readiness  to 
storm  Fort  Sumter  in  case  it  had  not  been  surrendered 
after  bombardment. 

In  the  spring  of  1861  his  regiment,  growing  impatient 
because  it  could  not  just  then  be  incorporated  in  the 
Confederate  Army,  disbanded;  Colonel  Pettigrew  then 
joined  Hampton's  Legion  as  a  private;  and  went  with 
that  body  to  Virginia,  where  active  service  was  to  be 
met  with.  A  few  days  afterwards,  without  any  solici- 
tation on  his  part,  he  was  elected  Colonel  of  the  Twenty - 
second  North  Carolina  Troops.  While  at  Evansport,  he 
was  offered  promotion,  but  declined  it,  upon  the  ground 
that  it  would  separate  him  from  his  regiment.  Late 
in  the  spring  of  1862  an  arrangement  was  made  by  which 
his  regiment  was  embraced  in  the  brigade.  He  then 
accepted  the  commission.  He  and  his  brigade  were  with 
General  Johnston  at  Yorktovrn,  and  in  the  retreat  up 
the  peninsular.  He  was  with  his  brigade  in  the  san- 
guinary battle  of  Seven  Pines  or  Fair  Oaks,  where  he 
was  severely  wounded,  and  left  insensible  upon  the 
field,  and  captured.  He  was  in  prison  only  about  two 
months;  and  on  being  exchanged,  he  returned  to  find 
that  in  his  absence  his  beloved  brigade  had  been  given 
to  General  Pender.  A  new  brigade  was  then  made  up 
for  him. 

In  the  autumn  of  1862,  he  was  ordered  with  his  brig- 
ade to  Eastern  North  Carolina,  where  he  was  engaged 
in  several   affairs   which,  though   brilliaut,  have   been 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  49 

overshadowed  by  the  greater  battles  of  the  war.  In 
May,  1863,  his  brigade  was  ordered  to  Virginia,  and 
ever  after  formed  a  part  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia. While  commanding  Heth's  Division,  in  "  Long- 
street's  assault/'  on  the  third  day's  fight  at  Gettysburg 
(which  some  Virginia  historians,  with  amusing  vanity, 
call  k '  Pickett's  charge ), ' '  his  command  bore  the  brunt  of 
the  enemy's  resistance.  Five  of  the  North  Carolina  regi 
ments  following  Pettigrew  had  more  men  killed  than 
Pickett's  fifteen.  His  own  brigade  (four  regiments  at 
Gettysburg)  carried  into  ki  Longstreet's  assault,"  about 
fourteen  hundred  and  eighty  men;  its  loss  in  killed  and 
wounded  was  four  hundred  and  forty-five.  This  same 
regiment  ( Pettigrew 's)  in  command,  held  the  pivot  of 
the  first  day's  fight,  but  at  a  fearful  cost.  Out  of  the 
twenty-two  hundred  engaged,  it  lost  six  hundred  and 
sixty  killed  and  wounded. 

In  this  brigade  was  the  famous  Twenty-sixth  North 
Carolina  Regiment,  under  Harry  K.  Burgwyn,  which 
lost  so  heavily  in  the  first  day's  fight.  Its  gallant  Colo- 
nel, Burgwyn,  was  among  the  last  of  fifteen  color- 
bearers,  who  fell  with  the  flag  in  his  hands. 

In  the  last  day's  fight  Pettigrew  was  engaged  with 
the  famous  "Iron"  Brigade,  in  which  was  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Michigan  facing  the  Twenty-fifth  North  Carolina 
in  the  open  field  and  woods  for  an  hour  and  a  half, 
until,  finally,  and  before  the  Twenty-fourth  broke,  they 
were  within  one  hundred  feet,  at  which  range  they  con- 
tinued for  twenty  or  thirty  minutes.  Captain  J.  J. 
Davis  (afterwards  Associate  Justice  of  our  Supreme 
Court)  was  an  eye-witness  and  participant.     He  says: 


50  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

"  The  advantage  was  everywhere  with  the  Confederate 
side,  and  I  aver  that  this  was  greatly  if  not  chiefly  due 
to  Pettigrew's  Brigade  and  its  brave  commander.  The 
bravery  of  that  knightly  soldier  and  elegant  scholar,  as 
he  galloped  along  the  line  in  the  hottest  of  the  fight, 
cheering  on  his  men,  cannot  be  effaced  from  my 
memory.11 

After  this  frightful  day's  work  he  was  chosen  to  lead 
Heth's  Division  in  '' Longstreet's  assault."  And, 
though  wounded  in  this  assault  by  a  grape  shot  through 
his  hand,  he  it  was  who.  on  the  retreat  of  Lee's  army, 
was  chosen  to  command  the  rear  guard,  which  consisted 
of  his  own  shattered  brigade  and  another.  This  was  the 
duty  that  Napoleon  assigned  to  Marshal  Ney,  "  the 
bravest  of  the  brave.1'  And  it  was  in  discharge  of  this 
duty  that  Pettigrew  lost  his  life.  At  Falling  Waters, 
on  the  14th,  he  was  wounded.  He  died  on  the  17th, 
and  his  remains  were  taken  to  his  old  home,  Jionarva, 
and  there  he  lies  buried  near  the  beautiful  lake,  whose 
sandy  shores  his  youthful  feet  were  wont  to  tread. 
May  he  rest  in  peace. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  51 

Lieutenant-General  D.   Y\.   HILL. 


This  most  distinguished  soldier  was  the  hero  of  many 
hard- fought  battles,  and  a  simple  record  of  his  military 
career  could  with  difficulty  be  embraced  in  a  magazine 
of  this  kind  so  we  insert  a  brief  statement  of  his  com- 
missions and  commands :  He  was  born  in  1821,  gradu- 
ated at  the  United  States  Military  Academy  in  1842,  and 
was  commissioned  Lieutenant  of  Artillery.  In  1847  he 
was. breveted  Major  for  gallantry  in  the  battles  of  Con- 
treras,  Churubusco  and  the  storming  of  Chapultepec  in 
the  Mexican  War.  He  resigned  the  army  in  1849 — was 
Professor  of  Mathematics  in  Washington  College,  Lex- 
ington, Va,,  and  later  held  the  same  position  at  David- 
son College,  N.  C,  which  he  resigned  to  become  Super- 
intendent of  the  Military  Institute  at  Charlotte,  N.  C. 
He  entered  the  Confederate  Army  in  command  of  the 
First  Regiment  North  Carolina  Volunteers,  and  fought 
the  battle  of  Big  Bethel.  General  Hill  was  in  active 
service  throughout  the  war  and  was  engaged  in  many 
pitched  battles,  in  all  of  which  he  displayed  great  mili- 
tary ability,  an  insensibility  to  fear,  and  an  absolute  in- 
difference to  danger.  His  commissions  bore  dates  as 
follows:  Colonel  First  Regiment  North  Carolina  Volun- 
teers May  loth,  1861  ;  Brigadier- General  P.  A.  C.  S., 
July  loth,  1861 ;  Major-General  P.  A.  C.  S.,  March  26th, 
L862;  Lieutenant-General  P.  A.  C.  S.,  July  11th,  1863. 


52  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

COMMANDS. 

He  organized  and  was  in  command  of  Camp  of  In- 
struction at  Ealeigh,  N.  C,  May  1,  1861;  Colonel  First 
Regiment  North  Carolina  Volunteers,  May  10,  1861; 
Brigade  composed  of  13th,  17th,  18th  and  21st  Missis- 
sippi Regiments  A.  N.  V. ;  commanding  department  of 

North   Carolina ,    1861;   August,    1862,   to  July, 

1863,  in  command  of  department  of  Southern  Virginia 
and  North  Carolina;  division  composed  of  the  brigades 
of  Rains,  Rodes,  Garland  and  G.  B.  Anderson,  Jack- 
son's Corps,  A.  N.  V.,  1862-'63;  also  brigades  of  Doles, 
Iverson,  Rodes  and  Colquitt  in  Jackson's  Corps,  A.  N. 
V. ;  also  brigades  of  Deas,  Manigault,  Sharp  and  Brantly, 
Army  of  Tennessee.  In  October,  1863,  commanding 
corps  in  Army  of  Tennessee  composed  of  divisions  of 
Cleburne  and  Breckrinridge.  At  battle  of  Bentonsville, 
N.  C,  March  19th,  1865,  in  command  of  S.  D.  Lee's 
Corps.  After  the  war  he  edited  ' L  The  Land  we  Love  ' ' 
and  "The  Southern  Home,"  at  Charlotte,  N.  C.  He 
was  later  President  of  the  University  of  Arkansas.  He 
died  at  Charlotte,  N.  C,  September  25,  1889. 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead* 


Che  claims  of  war  its  richest  spoil 
Che  ashes  of  her  dead/' 


msm 


Colonel  D.  M.  Carter. 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead.  .">." 


Col.   DAVID  MILLER  CARTER. 


Colonel  David  Miller  Carter  entered  the  Confederate 
service  in  May,  1861,  as  Captain  of  Corfipany  E.,  Fourth 
Regiment  of  North  Carolina  State  Troops.  He  served 
in  the  field  until  the  hattle  of  Seven  Pines.  May,  18tf2, 
when  he  was  disabled  for  further  active  service  by  a 
painful  wound  in  the  shoulder,  which  kept  him  under 
medical  treatment  at  Richmond  for  two  months.  He 
was  commissioned  as  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  his  regi- 
ment, but  after  a  short  service  was  appointed  Judge  of 
the  Military  Court,  with  rank  of  Colonel,  Army  North- 
ern Virginia,  and  served  in  that  capacity  until  the  close 
of  the  war.  He  has  left  a  proud  record  of  honorable, 
faithful  and  efficient  service  during  the  struggle,  and  of 
devotion  to  the  best  interests  of  his  country,  after  its 
close. 


Judge  WILLIAM  B.  RODMAN. 


William  Blount  Rodman  was  born  in  Washington,  N. 
C,  June  29,  1817.  His  ancestors  on  both  sides  for  gen- 
erations were  distinguished  for  learniug,  patriotism  and 
influence  in  councils  of  State,  occupying  an  eminently 
honorable  place  in  Colonial  and  Revolutionary  history. 
He  early  gave  promise  of  inheriting  in  a  remarkable  de- 
gree those  qualities  of  mind  that  form  the  intellectual 
giant,  and  those  graces  of  spirit  that  make  the  true  and 
tender  friend  beloved  by  his  fellow  man. 


5tf  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

He  entered  the  University  of  Chapel  Hill  in  1S32,  at 
the  age  of  fifteen,  and  graduated  in  1836  with  first  hon- 
ors, at  the  age  of  nineteen.  While  at  the  University  he 
was  foremost  in  all  his  studies,  and  was  recognized  as 
easily  first  in  belles  lettres  attainments,  and  in  after  life 
kept  up  his  elegant  literary  culture,  through  all  the  ex- 
actions of  a  rigid  profession,  in  which  he  rose  to  the 
highest  rank  at  the  Bar  and  on  the  Bench.  He  was  a 
fine  Latin  and  Greek  scholar ; 'also  reading  with  ease 
both  French  and  German,  and  was  as  well  a  keen  stu- 
dent of  the  physical  sciences,  his  inquisitive  mind  rang- 
ing through  all  the  realms  of  ancient  and  modern  liter- 
ature. After  leaving  college,  he  studied  law  under 
Judge  William  Gaston,  of  New  Berne,  North  Carolina, 
and  was  licensed  to  practice  in  1838. 

He  settled  in  his  native  town  of  Washington,  where 
his  talents  and  accomplishments  enabled  him  soon  to 
secure  a  large  and  lucrative  practice;  in  those  days  the 
Bar  of  Washington  was  composed  of  men  whose  lives 
and  careers  will  ever  be  remembered,  as  shedding  a  lus- 
tre and  brilliancy  unrivalled  in  this  or  any  section  of  the 
State.  Donnell,  Shaw,  Carter,  W  arren,  Gilliam,  Spar- 
row and  Rodman,  their  names  and  memories  linger  with 
us,  and  right  worthy  were  they  to  wear  the  laurel. 

His  legal  ability  being  early  recognized,  he  was  ap- 
pointed to  serve  with  Hon.  B.  F.  Moore  and*  Asa  Biggs 
to  revise  the  North  Carolina  Code.  He  was  a  Brecken- 
ridge  elector  in  the  campaign  of  I860,  and  on  the  elec- 
tion of  Lincoln  strongly  advocated  the  doctrine  of  State's 
Rights  and  Secession.  His  ideas  on  this  subject  are  best 
expressed  in  an  opinion  delivered  by  him  some  years 


fh-tt .    ^3 .  /2=*)H<%  ewv\, 


58  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

after,  while  Supreme  Court  Judge,  in  which  he  uses  this 
language:  "  The  States  must  have  jurisdiction  to  try 
offenses  against  their  own  laws  or  they  cease  to  be  States. 
It  is  a  power  necessarily  inherent  in  a  State.  It  alone 
makes  a  State." 

The  "News  and  Observer  ^  of  July  14th,  1ST",  re- 
ferring to  the  opinion,  says:  "  He  tells  the  whole  story 
in  these  brief  sentences,  that  deserve  to  be  written  in 
letters  of  gold." 

True  to  his  convictions,  when  the  State  seceded,  he 
raised  a  company  of  heavy  artillery,  of  which  he  was 
Captain;  John  G.  Leggett,  First  Lieutenant;  John  G. 
Blount,  Junior  First  Lieutenant;  Ashley  Congleton, 
Second  Lieutenant;  James  B.  Hancock,  Orderly  Ser- 
geant. This  company  was  first  stationed  on  the  north 
side  of  Pamlico  River,  and  afterwards  participated  in 
the  battle  of  New  Berae,  retiring  with  the  army  to  Kin- 
ston,  at  which  place  Captain  Rodman  was  appointed 
Brigade  Quartermaster  to  Branch's  Brigade,  with  the 
rank  of  Major,  and  with  the  Brigade  went  to  the  Army 
of  Northern  Virginia. 

Later,  he  was  appointed  by  President  Davis  Presiding 
Judge  of  a  Military  Court,  with  rank  of  Colonel,  at- 
tached to  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  and  had  juris- 
diction to  try  all  military  offenses  committed  by  persons 
below  the  rank  of  Brigadier  General.  His  associates 
were  Colonel  John  M.  Patton,  who  had  commanded  the 
First  Regiment  of  Virginia  Volunteers ;  General  Bradley 
T.  Johnson  and  later  Colonel  Boteler  of  Harper's  Ferry. 

Upon  the  evacuation  of  Richmond,  he  went  with  the 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia  to  Pamplin's  Station;  and 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead.  59 

learning  that  General  Lee  would  surrender,  he  left  that 
army  and  made  his  way  on  foot  to  Greensboro,  reaching 
that  point  in  time  to  surrender  with  General  Joseph  E. 
Johnston. 

In  the  fall  of  1865  he  returned  to  his  home  in  Wash- 
ington, resuming  the  practice  of  his  profession,  and 
though  having  suffered  immense  private  losses  from 
the  reverses  of  war,  he  bravely  determined  to  make 
"  human  endurance  equal  to  human  suffering." 

Eealizing  the  great  importance  of  preserving  the  purity 
aud  conservatism  of  the  laws  of  his  native  State,  and 
seeing  the  great  dangers  threatening  our  jurisprudence 
from  the  party  then  in  such  absolute  control  of  the  State 
and  its  institutions,  with  no  earthly  hope  of  change  in 
the  near  future ;  he  braved  the  disapproval  of  some  by 
permitting  himself  to  be  sent  to  the  Convention  of  1868 
by  the  Republican  party.  He  did  what  he  thought  best, 
and  in  this  Convention  he  was  distinguished  for  his  con- 
servative views,  and  his  influence  contributed  to  the 
defeat  of  at  least  some  of  the  extreme  and  unwise  pro- 
visions sought  to  be  engrafted  upon  our  fundamental 
law.  Judge  Rodman  was  appointed  by  the  Convention 
as  one  of  three  Commissioners  to  prepare  and  report  to 
the  Legislature  a  code  of  the  laws  of  North  Carolina ; 
these  were  principally  made  by  him,  some  of  which 
were  adopted  and  now  form  a  part  of  the  present  Code. 

He  was  elected  Associate  Justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  in  1868,  and  served  until  the  expiration  of  his 
term,  in  1878.  ■  This  is  conceded  to  have  been  a  strong- 
Court,  and  second  to  none  on  the  Bench — Judge  Rod- 
man was  considered  one  of  its  ablest  members.    It  may 


60  T  he  Confederate  Reveille. 

be  said  without  fear  of  contradictiou  that  the  opinions 
of  Judge  Rodman  were  regarded  by  the  profession  as 
exceptionally  able,  and  a  perusal  of  the  reports  will 
illustrate  the  great  services  he  rendered  at  this  impor- 
tant period  in  the  transition  history  of  the  State.  Never 
a  politician  nor  ambitious  of  political  honors,  he  loved 
the  law,  and  has  contributed  no  little  towards  preserv- 
ing the  fount  of  justice  and  equity  pure  and  unsullied. 
He  was  a  great  Judge,  and  has  left  his  mark  upon  the 
jurisprudence  of  bis  time.  He  was  above  and  beyond 
the  ordinary  mould  of  men,  the  loftiness  and  elevation 
of  his  character  were  intuitively  felt  and  acknowledged 
by  all  who  knew  him,  but  he  was  so  modest  and  unas- 
suming that  he  did  not  claim  what  were  often  the  just 
rewards  of  his  genius.  He  ever  defended  the  weak  and 
unprotected,  and  would  not  willingly  have  caused  pain 
or  suffering  to  even  the  least  of  God's  creatures.  Plain, 
simple  and  dignified  in  all  his  ways,  he  had  no  respect 
for  shams  or  mere  observances,  but  retained  the  essence 
of  truth  in  all  things.  He  was  essentially  a  great  man, 
and  bore  the  impress  of  a  noble  life  well  spent.  He  died 
March  7th,  1892,  in  the  seventy-sixth  year  of  his  life, 
leaving  a  record  of  spotless  integrity  to  be  prized  and 
honored  by  his  family  and  fellow  citizens. 

E.   E.   T. 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead*  61 

Lieut. -Col.  JOSEPH  HUBBARD  SAUNDERS. 


Joseph  Hubbard  Saunders,  the  son  of  the  Rev.  Joseph 
Hubbard  Saunders,  a  man  of  great  learning  and  piety, 
and  one  of  the  ablest  and  most  venerated  churchmen 
produced  by  North  Carolina,  and  Laura  Lucinda  Baker, 
his  wife,  was  born  October  23d,  1830,  and  graduated  at 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  June,  1860. 

In  April,  1861,  he  volunteered  in  the  Orange  Light 
Infantry.  In  December,  1861,  he  was  appointed  by 
Governor  Clark  a  Lieutenant  in  Company  A.,  Thirty- 
third  Regiment,  commanded  by  Colonel,  afterwards 
General  L.  O'B.  Branch. 

Lieutenant  Saunders  first  saw  service  at  New  Berne ; 
his  regiment  was  then  ordered  to  Virginia  and  assigned 
to  the  afterwards  famous  command  of  General  A.  P. 
Hill.  His  promotions  were  as  follows:  Captain,  L862; 
Major,  1863;  Lieutenant  Colonel,  1864. 

He  was  in  all  the  severe  engagements  of  the  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia  until  the  second  battle  of  Manassas. 
in  which  he  was  wounded  in  the  right  shoulder. 

At  Gettysburg,  as  Major,  he  commanded  the  left  wing 
of  the  Thirty-third  Regiment  in  the  third  days  fight, 
and,  leading  his  regiment,  fell  desperately  wounded 
about  sixty  yards  from  the  celebrated  stone  wall  on 
Cemetery  Ridge,  a  ball  entering  his  left  nostril  and  com- 
ing out  of  his  left  ear.  After  laying  exposed  twenty- 
four  hours,  he  was  captured  by  the  Yankees  and  carried 
to  Chester  Hospital,  theuce  to  Johnson's  Island,  and 
was  paroled  for  exchange  March,  1865. 


69  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

His  conduct  in  battle  was  the  admiration  of  his  men ; 
cool,  determined,  fearless,  his  valiant  bearing  enthused 
and  inspired  his  command.  Such  is  the  simple  recital 
of  the  principal  events  in  the  military  career  of  one  of 
the  Old  North  State's  most  gallant  sons. 

The  name  of  Saunders  for  generations  has  been  an 
honored  one  in  Carolina  annals,  and  the  subject  of  this 
sketch  was  a  cavalier  worthy  of  his  lineage.  Of  virile 
nature,  strong  mind  and  lion  heart  he  easily  won  pro- 
motion among  heroes,  who  vied  in  deeds  of  patriotic 
daring  and  martyr-like  sacrifice  for  their  country's 
honor.  He  was  a  noble  type  of  the  citizen  soldier,  whose 
peerless  patriotism  has  made  Carolina  arms  immortal, 
and  is  the  crowning  glory  of  American  manhood.  The 
same  rugged  virtues  and  manly  prowess  that  made  him 
a  leader  on  the  battle-field  gave  him  prestige  and  pre- 
eminence in  the  bivouac  of  civil  life. 

After  the  war  Colonel  Saunders  devoted  himself  to 
agricultural  pursuits  and  attained  much  success  in  his 
chosen  field.  He  died  in  Pitt  County  September  24, 
1885,  honored  and  lamented  by  the  entire  State.  In 
187.0  he  married  Fannie  C.  Neal,  who,  with  three  sons 
and  one  daughter,  still  survive  him. 

J.   Bryan  Grimes. 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead.  63 


Col.  GEORGE  BADGER  SINGELTARY. 


Colonel  George  B.  Singeltary  was  the  oldest  son  of 
the  late  Rev.  John  and  Eliza  Williams  Singeltary.  Had 
a  good  education,  bat  was  not  a  college  graduate.  Was 
a  Captain  in  the  Mexican  War,  and  acted  bravely. 
Upon  obtaining  license  to  practice  in  the  county  courts,  he 
settled  in  Nashville,  N.  C.  About  two  years  thereafter 
he  married  Miss  Cora  Manly,  daughter  of  the  late  Gov- 
ernor Charles  Manly,  of  Raleigh.  He  then  took  a  course 
of  study  at  Judge  Pearson's  law  school,  and  procuring 
Superior  Court  license,  located  in  Greenville,  N.  C 
where  he  soon  enjoyed  a  good  practice.  He  had  a  fine 
appearance — features  well  proportioned — was  a  ready 
advocate,  and  regarded  an  able  criminal  lawyer. 

He  was  Brigadier  General  of  the  State  Militia,  and  a 
member  of  the  General  Assembly  in  1858.  He  entered 
the  service  early  in  1861.  Was  commissioned  Colonel 
of  the  Twenty-seventh  Regiment,  September  2Sth,  1861, 
and  resigned  December  16th,  1861.  Was  commissioned 
Colonel  of  the  Forty-fourth  Regiment,  March  28th,  1862. 
While  stationed  below  New  Berne,  he  acted  very  heroi- 
cally at  Ocracoke,  in  rescuing  the  officers  and  crew  of  a 
French  vessel — proceeding  in  a  violent  storm,  in  an 
open  boat,  with  two  pilots,  to  the  vessel's  side;  and  just 
after  the  last  man  was  taken  off,  the  vessel  went  to  the 
bottom. 

In  the  spring  of  1862  his  regiment  was  assigned  to 
duty  on  our  lines,  Dear  Washington,  N.  C.  On  the  5th 
day  of  June,  1862,  he  was  apprised  that  the  enemy  were 


64  The   Confederate  Reveille. 

advanciug  on  Greenville,  by  the  Myers'  Mill  road,  the 
bridge  on  main  road,  across  Tranter's  Creek,  being  de- 
stroyed. With  his  regiment,  he  joined  Captain  Sted- 
man's  company,  at  the  Mill  bridge,  before  the  enemy 
came  in  sight.  A  quick  and  hot  fight  ensued.  Having 
raw  troops,  to  encourage  them,  he  exposed  himself 
to  the  enemy's  fire  by  sitting  on  a  log  on  end  of  bridge, 
and  gave  orders.  He  was  soon  shot  through  the  head, 
dying  almost  instantly.  His  last  words,  with  the  ex- 
piring gasp,  were,  "  Give  it  to  them,  boys.'1 

Upon  his  fall  the  regiment  retreated  to  Greenville: 
and  the  enemy,  concluding  that  our  troops  were  mak- 
ing for  the  Norcott  Neck  bridge  to  get  in  their  rear, 
fled  in  haste  back  to  Washington. 

His  brother,  Thomas  C.  Singeltary,  was  made  Colo- 
nel; T.  L.  Hargrove,  Lieutenant  Colonel;  and  Charles 
M.  Stedman,  Major  of  the  regiment.  His  two  brothers, 
Thomas  C.  and  Richard  W.  Singeltary,  served  as  colo- 
nels of  regiments  throughout  the  war. 

Colonel  Singeltary's  death  was  a  great  loss  to  the  Con- 
federate service.  His  dauntless  courage,  cool  and  deter- 
mined spirit,  his  foresight  and  judgment,  and  his  dash 
and  energy,  would  have  rendered  him  a  valuable  leader. 

He  was  buried  in  the  old  City  Cemetery  at  Raleigh, 
and  mournful  hearts  followed  his  remaius  to  the  tomb. 
He  left  a  lovely  and  affectionate  wife  and  a  little  daugh- 
ter, sadly  bereft.  The  daughter,  bright,  beautiful  and 
promising,  died  when  about  ten  years  old,  and  the 
crushed  and  saddened  mother,  not  long  thereafter,  was 
consigned  to  earth,  and  rests  by  the  side  of  husband  and 

daughter. 

Pulaski  Cowper. 


Major  Thomas  Sparrow. 


G6  The  Confederate  Reveille. 


Major  THOMAS  SPARROW 


Major  Sparrow  was  born  in  New  Berne,  N.  C,  October 
2d,  1819,  and  died  January  11th,  1884,  in  Washington, 
N.  C.j  of  which  town  he  had  long  been  an  honored  and 
prominent  citizen.  He  graduated  from  Princeton  Col- 
lege, New  Jersey,  as  valedictorian  of  his  class  in  1812. 
He  read  law  under  the  distinguished  Judge  Gaston,  and 
was  licensed  in  1811.  then  returned  to  Princeton  and 
took  his  A.  M.  degree.  He  practiced  law  in  Washing- 
ton in  co-partnership  with  Hon.  Edward  Stanly. 

In  1859  he  moved  his  family  to  Areola,  Illinois.  But 
when  the  war  clouds  gathered  he  returned  to  North 
Carolina,  and  cast  his  lot  with  his  native  State;  raised 
a  volunteer  company  of  the  flower  of  the  young  man- 
hood of  Beaufort  County,  and  was  sent  to  Portsmouth, 
N.  C.  While  awaiting  transportation  to  Northern  Vir- 
ginia, took  his  company  to  assist  in  the  defense  of  Fort 
Hatteras,  and  was  present  at  the  terrible  bombardment, 
and  captured ;  held  in  Northern  prison  for  six  months. 
Returning  he  was  promoted  to  rank  of  Major  and  as- 
signed to  the  command  of  city  and  river  defences  at 
Wilmington,  N.  C.  He  served  from  beginning  to  end 
of  the  war,  and  when  it  closed,  being  home  on  sick 
leave,  he  would  not  take  the  oath,  but  paddled  twenty 
miles  in  a  small  boat,  thus  retaining  his  sword,  which 
is  now  in  possession  of  his  son.  He  was  the  founder  of 
the  ex-Confederate  Association,  organizing  the  first 
Camp  in  the  State,  May  30th,  1883. 

Major  Sparrow  was  prominent  all  his  life.     His  cul- 


Dr.  David  T.  Tavloe. 


6$  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

ture,  his  ability  and  his  character  made  him  a  leader, 
and  as  manager  in  behalf  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives, in  the  celebrated  impeachment  trial  of  Governor 
W.  W.  Holden  he  made  himself  a  name  that  will  live 
with  the  history  of  the  State. 


Dr.   DAVID  T.   TAYLOE. 


David  Thomas  Tayloe  was  born  at  Washington,  N.  C, 
February  21,  1826,  and  died  there  March  25,  1884.  He 
graduated  with  distinction  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  184-fi;  and  also  graduated  from  the  Medical 
Department  of  the' University  of  New  York  in  1849. 

During  the  war  he  was  surgeon  of  the  Sixty-first  Reg- 
iment North  Carolina  Troops,  and  was  distinguished  for 
a  zealous  performance  of  duty  and  rendered  most  valu- 
able and  efficient  service  in  the  hospital  and  on  the  field. 
Tenderly  nursing  the  sick ;  cooling  the  fevered  brow  of 
the  wounded  or  ministering  to  the  dying  wants  of  a 
fallen  comrade,  his  kind  heart  and  genial  presence  gave 
comfort  to  the  weak  and  dispelled  the  gloom  of  the  gath- 
ering shadows,  nobly  exemplifying  those  beautiful  lines, 
L  L  The  tender  are  the  brave ;  the  loving  are  the  daring. ' ' 

After  the  war  he  resumed  his  practice  at  Washington, 
and  attained  eminence  in  his  chosen  calling.  He  was 
wedded  to  his  profession  and  studied  it  with  the  ardor 
of  a  lover;  he  viewed  it  not  in  a  sordid  light — as  a 
means  of  gain — but  loved  it  as  a  noble  science  to  amel- 
iorate the  sufferings  of  his  fellow  man.  To  his  patients 
he  was  a  faithful  physician ;  an  affectionate  friend. 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead.  fi9 

An  ardent  Southerner  he  ever  held  dear  the  sacred 
cause  of  Southern  Independence,  and  was  one  of  the 
chief  promoters  and  first  members  of  the  ex- Con  federate 
Soldiers's  Association  of  Beaufort  County.  A  man  of 
strong  character  and  a  leader  of  thougdit,  he  was  always 
ready  to  lend  his  time,  means  and  influence  to  the  de- 
velopment of  his  section,  and  the  moral,  intellectual  and 
industrial  upbuilding  of  his  people.  His  charity  was 
broad  and  his  bounty  was  only  circumscribed  by  his 
means.     His  virtues  endeared  him  to  every  one. 

No  man  ever  lived  in  Washington  more  esteemed,  and 
his  death  was  a  grievous,  personal  affliction  to  hundreds 
who  knew  and  loved  him. 

J.  Bryan  Grimes, 


WILLIAM  HENEY  Baron  Von  EBERSTEIN. 


William  Henry  Baron  von  Eberstein  enlisted  in  the 
Washington  Grays,  Seventh  North  Carolina  Volunteers, 
April  2 2d,  1861.  He  was  appointed  Fifth  Sergeant,  and 
advanced  to  Orderly  Sergeant  of  the  company,  then 
known  as  Company  K.,  Tenth  North  Carolina 'State 
Troops.  Was  transferred  to  Sixty-first  Regiment  North 
Carolina  Troops  and  promoted  to  Sergeant  Major  of  the 
regiment. 

Acting  as  Adjutant  he  was  wounded  at  Battery  Wag- 
ner, South  Carolina,  and  at  Petersburg,  and  Drewry's 
Bluff,  Virginia,  was  recommended  for  promotion  by 
General  Beauregard.  His  family  have  in  their  posses- 
sion a  letter  from  General  Clingman,  stating  that  he 
6 


TO  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

was  more  entitled  to  wear  a  General's  uniform  than 
some  who  wore  the  bars. 

He  died  a  few  years  since,  mourned  by  his  friends  and 
companions  in  arms.  Contributed. 


DANIEL  GOULD   FOWLE. 


This  distinguished  son  of  North  Carolina  was  born  in 
Washington.  N.  C,  March  3,  1831.  He  attended  the 
Washington  Academy,  then  he  further  acquired  prepa- 
ration for  college  at  .the  famous  "Bingham  School," 
and  graduated  with  first  honors  at  Princeton  College,  N. 
J.,  in  1851.  Selecting  the  law  as  his  profession,  his 
studies  therein  were  made  under  the  guidance  of  Chief 
Justice  R,  M.  Pearson,  at  Richmond  Hill,  N.  C,  and 
resulted  in  his  being  admitted  to  practice  in  the  Superior 
Courts,  December  31st,  1853. 

He  opened  his  office  in  Raleigh,  N.  C,  May  9th,  1854, 
and  rapidly  rose  in  his  profession  until  he  stood  at  the 
head.  AVas  rewarded  with  the  Judgeship  and  honored 
with  the  degree  of  L.  L.  TV,  conferred  by  three  colleges. 

When  the  war  cloud  burst  upon  us,  this  true-hearted 
son  volunteered  in  the  cause  of  his  people,  joining  the 
"  Raleigh  Rifles,1'  which  company  formed  a  part  of  the 
Fourteenth  Regiment  North  Carolina  State  Troops. 

Private  D.  G.  Fowle  was  elected  Lieutenant,  and  then 
Major.  Major  Fowle  was  detailed  on  special  duty, 
which  he  performed  faithfully,  until  several  companies, 
raised  by  his  personal  efforts,  united  with  others  in 
forming  the  Thirty-first  Regiment  North  Carolina  State 
Troops,  and  elected  Major  Fowle  Lieutenant  Colonel  of 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead.  71 

the  regiment.  In  this  capacity  he  served  at  Fort  Hill, 
on  the  sound,  and  at  Eoanoke  Island.  Here  he  united 
in  the  gallant  defense  of  the  Island ;  and  when  the  small 
garrison  was  forced  to  yield  to  overwhelming  n ambers, 
Colonel  Fowle,  by  special  deputation*,  accomplished  an 
honorable  surrender. 

October,  1862,  Colonel  Fowle  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  was  the  Speaker  "  pro  tern  "  over  the 
last  hours  of  that  Legislature  at  the  surrender  of  the 
Confederate  Army.  For  a  time  Colonel  Fowle  filled  the 
high  and  responsible  office  of  Adjutant  General  to  Gov- 
ernor Vance,  with  the  rank  of  Major  General. 

After  the  war,  he  freely  drew  upon  his  time,  talent 
and  energy  for  the  liberation  and  elevation  of  his  be- 
loved State.  His  public  record,  having  been  so  honora- 
ble and  excellent,  and  his  personal  influence  so  mag- 
netic, he  deservedly  became  exceedingly  popular,  and 
he  was  triumphantly  elected  Governor  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1888.  Most  admirably  did  he  adorn  this  high 
office,  until  April  8th,  1891,  when  he  died  suddenly; 
and  was  followed  to  the  tomb  loved,  honored  and 
mourned  by  a  devoted  people.  C.   M.   P. 


Dr.  JOHN  McDONALD. 


Dr.  John  McDonald  was  born  in  New  Berne,  N.  C 
October  11th,  1S40.  He  entered  the  department  of  med- 
icine of  the  University  of  New  York  and  graduated  in 
1861.  At  the  beginning  of  the  civil  war  he  was  as- 
signed as  assistant  surgeon  to  the  Washington  Grays. 


Dr.  John  McDonald. 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead.  73 

organized  in  the  town  of  Washington,  N.  C,  and  was 
stationed  at  Portsmouth,  N.  C.  Later  he  was  ordered 
to  Orange  Court-house,  Virginia,  and  thence  was  trans- 
ferred to  Confederate  Hospital  No.  5,  at  Wilson,  N.  C. 
The  hospital  afforded  a  fine  school  lor  the  young  sur- 
geon. Dr.  McDonald,  to  quote  Dr.  Satchwell,  the  phy- 
sician in  chief,  was  regarded  as  the  "  surgical  genius  of 
the  hospital."  After  a  laborious  and  useful  service 
there  he  was  transferred  to  the  field,  and  was  assigned 
as  surgeon  to  the  Seventh  Alabama  Cavalry,  attached 
to  the  western  army. 

At  the  end  of  the  war  he  surrendered  and  was  paroled 
with  his  regiment.  He  located  in  Washington,  N.  C, 
and  began  the  practice  of  his  profession.  Here  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Mary  T.  Ellison,  a  daughter  of  Henry  A.  Elli- 
son,  Esq.,  a  prominent  citizen  of  Beaufort  County.  He 
soon  acquired  a  large  and  lucrative  practice,  and  speedily 
began  to  reap  the  rewards  of  his  industry  and  skill.  He 
was  regarded  as  one  of  the  first  physicians  and  surgeons 
of  the  State,  and  in  all  that  pertained  to  the  science  and 
practice  of  his  profession  his  interest  was  intense. 

In  the  meetings  and  discussions  of  the  State  Medical 
Society  he  was  an  active  and  valuable  member.  Not- 
withstanding the  exactions  of  a  large  practice,  he  found 
time  for  scientific  and  literary  pursuits.  He  was  also 
active  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties  as  a  citizen,  and  was 
twice  elected  mayor  of  the  town  of  Washington.  This 
office  he  filled  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  its  citizens. 
Before  his  health  became  impaired  his  capacity  for 
labor  was  great.  A  year  or  two  before  his  death  his 
health  gave  way  under  the  great  strain  upon  his  ener- 


74  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

gies,  and  he  died  on  September  9th,  1890.  He  was  a 
man  of  strong  and  positive  character  and  had  many 
warm  friends.  His  early  death  was  deeply  felt  by  the 
community  in  which  he  lived,  and  by  the  members  of 
his  profession  throughout  the  State. 

C.  F.  Warren. 


Capt.  CHARLES  KEWELL  GALLAGHER. 


Charles  Kewell  Gallagher  was  born  in  Washington, 
N.  C,  April  :>4th,  1833,  and  died  at  that  place  February 
11th,   1893. 

In  1861  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Washington 
Grays  (Captain  Thomas  Sparrow),  which  became  Com- 
pany G.,  Tenth  Regiment  North  Carolina  State  Guard. 
Detailed  for  special  service  he  was  at  Fort  Hatteras 
when  it  was  attacked  by  the  Federal  forces.  When  the 
fleet  opened  fire  he  volunteered  and  had  charge  of  a  gun 
in  the  fort,  with  which  he  did  most  effective  execution 
against  the  enemy.  At  the  fall  of  Hatteras  he  was  made 
prisoner  and  confined  in  the  Rip  Raps,  and  afterwards 
in  Fortress  Monroe. 

In  February,  1863,  he  was  made  Captain  of  Company 
E.,  Fourth  Regiment  North  Carolina  State  Troops,  and 
was  with  this  regiment  in  all  the  battles  fought  during 
the  spring  and  summer  of  1863.  Extreme  deafness 
obliged  him  to  resign  service  in  the  field,  and  he  was 
then  engaged  in  the  salt  works  of  the  Confederate  Gov- 
ernment. 

The  Civil  War  developed  few  natures  of  finer  mold. 
As  Captain  of  Company  E.,  4th  Regiment  of  North  Caro- 


Capt.  Charles  Kewell  Gallagher. 


7B  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

lina  State  Troops,  he  was  a  gallant  leader  among  men, 
whose  hardy  valor,  heroic  daring  and  ideal  chivalry  made 
them  the  'keystone  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Viiginia 
in  the  war  for  Southern  Independence. 

His  name  is  placed  on  the  long  roll  of  our  Confeder- 
ate dead,  and  many  an  old  veteran  will  feel  the  tear 
drops  welling  as  he  recalls  this  soldier  as  one  of  the 
'k  bravest  of  the  brave,"  who,  as  volunteers  in  the  Caro- 
lina legions,  made  the  "  Ironsides  "  of  Lee's  immortal 
band.  As  the  old  veteran  recalls  the  prowess  of  the 
Southern  soldiers  he  will  most  tenderly  remember  the. 
deeds  of  the  dead,  and  as  a  co-heir  to  a  heritage  of  valor 
the  world  has  never  before  known,  he  will  in  the  holy  of 
holies  of  his  heart  consecrate  a  shrine  to  the  memory  of 
his  brother-in-arms,  Charles  K.  Gallagher. 

J.  Bryan  Grimes. 


AN  ACT  OF  HEROISM. 


During  the  bombardment  of  Fort  Hatteras  by  the 
Yankee  fleet,  in  August,  1861,  an  unexploded  shell  with 
fuse  still  burning,  fell  inside  the  fort,  near  a  group  of 
soldiers,  among  whom  was  the  lamented  Charley  Gal- 
lagher, who  immediately  took  up  the  shell  and  threw  it 
over  the  parapet,  when  it  exploded.  A  brave  deed  by 
a  brave  man.  T.  J.  Latham. 


Capt.  FRED.  HARDING. 

y^  

At  the  beginning  of  the  war,  in  1861,  Fred  Harding, 

a  highly  respected  merchant  or  Washington,  N.  C, 
helped  to  raise  a  company  of  infantry  in  Chocowinity, 
in  which  he  served  as  Second  Lieutenant. 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead.  77 

Soon  after  disbanding  this  volunteer  company  (lim- 
ited), at  Suffolk,  Virginia,  and  early  in  the  spring  of 
1S62,  impending  vigorous  preparations  for  war  by  the 
Confederate  States ;  and  after  a  brief  rest  at  home  he 
was  called  to  Walker's  Cavalry,  and^in  1863  was  made 
Captain,  belonging  then  to  the  Third  North  Carolina 
Cavalry,  operating  in  Virginia  under  Hampton,  amid 
scenes  of  warfare,  familiar  only  to  brave  soldiers.  I 
knew  him  well  and  was  constantly  near  him.  He  was 
beloved  by  all  his  men,  and  the  regiment  as  well. 

In  all  the  struggles,  on  many  fields  of  peril  and  hard- 
ship, he  was  present,  ever  ready  to  share  the  fate  of  the 
most  exposed  trooper,  gently  reproving  them  if  neces- 
sary, and  especially  looking  to  their  comfort.  He  sur- 
vived the  war,  and  died  as  he  had  lived,  a  Christian,  at 
his  home  in  1892. 

His  friend  and  comrade,  J.   B.   Hill. 


Capt.   J.   J.   LEITH. 


Captain  Leith  was  a  devoted  soldier  of  the  South,  and 
raised  a  company  of  volunteers  in  his  native  county  of 
Hyde.  His  warfare  was  short,  but  brave  and  heroic, 
for  he  fell  mortally  wounded  in  defense  of  New  Berne. 
His  men  proved  their  devotion  to  him  by  carrying  his 
body  six  miles  through  tangled  woods  and  swamps,  on 
their  shoulders,  in  order  to  get  it  out  of  the  enemy's 
lines.  His  remains  were  interred  at  Thomasville,  where 
his  brother,  John  A.  Arthur,  then  resided  as  a  refugee. 
His  sword  and  blood-stained  scarf  are  preserved  by  his 
family  as  a  rich  heritage.     None  braver  fell  than  he. 

M.   C. 


78  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

Captain  A.  C.  LATHAM. 


Captain  Latham  was  Captain  of  the  famous  battery, 
known  in  Virginia  as  Latham's  North  Carolina  Battery. 
This  company  was  composed  of  men  from  Lenoir  and 
Craven  Counties.  Captain  Latham's  reputation  for 
bravery  in  battle  was  universal,  and  when  the  flag  that 
had  flashed  defiance  over  an  hundred  battlefields  was 
furled,  his  devotion  did  not  fail  in  defeat:  it  was,  if  pos- 
sible, stronger  than  in  victory.  He  was  an  enthusiastic 
member  of  the  ex-Confederate  Association  of  Beaufort 
County,  and  a  zealous  worker  in  raising  funds  for  the 
Confederate  Monument.  M.   C. 


Captain  JAMES  COOK. 


James  Cook  was  born  in  New  Berne,  N.  C.  He  was 
an  officer  in  the  United  States  Navy;  member  of  the 
expedition,  under  Commodore  Perry,  that  made  the 
treaty  throwing  open  Japan  ports  to  the  commerce  of 
the  world.  He  resigned  from  the  United  States  Navy 
when  war  began  between  the  South  and  the  North ;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  States  Navy;  was  with  Lynch' s 
Flotilla  in  Eastern  North  Carolina  and  Captain  of  the 
Ram  Albemarle,  until  her  destruction  by  a  torpedo-boat 
iu  1864. 

He  was  a  brave,  determined  officer.  When  the  Civil 
War  ended,  he  made  his  home  in  Suffolk,  Virginia, 
where  he  died  a  few  years  ago.  J.   B.   B. 


BiiKHiac  of  the  Dead.  79 

Captain  JOHN  R.  POTTS. 


Captain  Potts  was  a  brave,  daring  and  generous  son 
of  Beaufort  County;  he  early  volunteered,  and  in  Jan- 
ury,  1862,  was  made  First  Lieutenant  of  Latham's  Bat- 
tery. With  this  company,  on  the  hard-fought  battle- 
fields of  Virginia,  he  made  a  brilliant  and  enviable  record, 
being  promoted  to  Captain;  and  on  May  8,  1864,  yielded 
his  life  at  Spottsylvania.  He  was  the  hope  of  an  aged 
father  and  mother,  but  when  the  sacrifice  was  made, 
Abraham-like,  their  faith  failed  not.  M.   C. 


Captain  J.  J.  GUTHRIE. 


John  Julius  Guthrie  was  a  native  of  Washington,  N. 
C.  He  entered  the  United  States  Navy,  and  in  1861 
was  a  Lieutenant  in  the  squadron  then  employed  in  sup- 
pressing the  slave  trade  on  the  African  coast.  On  the 
night  of  April  20,  1*61.  he  was  detailed  in  command  of 
two  boats  to  board  the  ship  Nightingale,  of  Boston, 
whose  movements  had  excited  suspicion.  Lieutenant 
Guthrie  found  nine  hundred  and  sixty-one  slaves  aboard, 
and  took  the  ship  as  a  prize.  Commander  Taylor,  U.  S. 
S. ,  Saratoga,  by  whose  order  the  capture  was  made,  sent 
the  Nightingale  to  the  United  States  in  command  of 
Lieutenant  Guthrie.  He  arrived  at  New  York  June  15, 
1861,  and  turned  the  ship  over  to  the  proper  authorities. 
As  the  Civil  War  had  broken  out,  Lieutenant  Guthrie 
resigned  his  commission  and  threw  his  fortunes  with 
the  Confederacy.     He  was  with   Commodore  Lynch's 


80  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

Flotilla  in  Eastern  North  Carolina,  afterwards  Captain 
of  the  North  Carolina  Blockade-runner.  Advance,  with 
Captain  Joe  Gaskill  for  mate.  The  Advance  was  cap- 
tured, returning  from  Nassau  to  Wilmington,  and  her 
crew  sent  prisoners  to  Fort  Lafayette.  J.   J.   B. 


Lieutenant  JAMES  E.  M.  HOWARD. 


Born  in  Jones  County,  North  Carolina,  though  his 
boyhood  was  spent  in  Washington,  N.  C.  He  was  but 
a  lad  at  Bingham's  School,  yet  with  a  heart  as  loyal  as 
those  older,  he  was  among  the  first  who  volunteered  for 
the  war.  While  his  heart  was  with  his  State,  yet  through 
the  pursuasion  of  friends  he  joined  the  Third  Regiment 
Alabama  Troops.  In  the  battles  around  Richmond, 
June  1st,  1862,  he  was  wounded. 

On  his  return  to  the  army  he  was  transferred  to  .the 
Fourth  North  Carolina  Troops,  being  physically  unable 
to  stand  the  long  marches,  he  was  put  in  charge  of  the 
Ordnance  wagon.  In  July,  1863,  he  was  promoted  to 
Lieutenant  Company  I.,  Fourth  North  Carolina  Troops, 
and  for  awhile  he  had  charge  of  the  company. 

In  1864  his  old  wound  began  to  trouble  him,  so  Gen- 
eral Grimes  advised  him  to  ride,  and  loaned  him  a  horse ; 
later  he  purchased  a  white  horse,  and  while  on  this 
horse  (which  was  only  too  good  a  mark)  at  the  battle  of 
Winchester,  September  19th,  1864,  while  acting  Adju- 
tant, he  was  mortally  wounded,  and  was  left  in  the 
hands  of  the  enemy;  taken  to  the  Union  Hospital  at 
Winchester,  where  he  died  October  16th,  having  been 


Bivouac  of  the  Dead.  81 

tenderly  and  faithfully  nursed  by  the  Southern  ladies  of 
that  city. 

General  Grimes  said  of  him:  "  Lieutenant  Howard 
was  a  very  gallant  and  promising  officer,  the  regiment 
was  much  attached  to  him ;  in  fact,  a»  universal  favorite 
with  all."  Contributed. 

Colonel  P.   N    BOGART. 

Colonel  Bogart  was  born  in  Washington,  N.  C,  April 
2d,  184-7.  where  he  spent  his  childhood,  boyhood  and 
manhood  among  a  people  who  were  ever  drawn  to  him 
by  the  magnetism  of  his  presence  and  nobility  of  his  life. 

When  the  turbulent  days  of  1861  called  the  sons  of 
the  South  to  defend  her  cause,  Colonel  Bogart,  though 
but  a  youth,  enlisted  in  the  ranks,  lighting  for  the 
Southland  under  the  leadership  of  the  imnurtal  Lee. 
Brave,  gallant,  ever  faithful  to  duty,  he  served  his 
country  until  the  surrender  of  1865. 

For  a  number  of  years  he  was  Colonel  of  the  First 
Regimeut  North  Carolina  State  Guard,  and  was  at  his 
post  of  duty  when  the  summons  came.  He  was  an  active 
member  of  the  ex-Confederate  Association  ot  Beaufort 
County. M.   J.   P. 

Lieutenant  E.  Q.   REDDING. 


"  Young  as  the  youngest  who  donned  the  gray,  was 
Lieutenant  E.  Q.  Redding,  and  as  true  as  the  truest  who 
wore  it."  He  volunteered  in  Carter's  Company  at  Bath, 
and  fell  while  making  a  charge  at  the  battle  of  Seven 
Pines. 

He  was  an  only  son  of  a  widowed  mother.  'Tis  said 
that  his  bravery  almost  amounted  to  rashness ;  but  the 


82  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

young  patriot  was  so  fired  with  love  of  country  that  self 
was  forgotten.  When  the  field  was  red  with  the  blood 
of  his  comrades,  he  dashed  forwardT  flashed  his  sword 
in  defiance,  fell  a  sacrifice  on  his  country's  hallowed 
altar. ' '  Comrades  laid  him  away  in  the  shady  wood  by 
the  wayside  and  no  stone  marks  the  spot.  God  knows 
and  watches  over  him,  and  to-day  he  lives  in  the  tender 
memory  of  early  associates.  Reveille. 


Lieutenant  THOMAS  L.  PERRY. 


One  of  the  most  chivalrous  young  men  that  buckled 
on  the  armour  in  defense  of  his  own  Southland  was 
Thomas  L.  Perry,  a  son  of  Mr.  D.  B.  Perry,  and  brother 
of  Mrs.  R.  W.  Wharton.  He  was  born  and  raised  at  the 
old  homestead  near  this  town,  now  occupied  by  Colonel 
Wharton. 

He  volunteered  and  was  commissioned  First  Lieuten- 
ant Company  E.,  Fourth  Regiment  North  Carolina  State 
Troops,  on  the  ltfth  of  May,  1861,  and  went  to  the  front. 
The  valor  he  displayed  attracted  the  attention  of  supe- 
rior officers,  and  he  commanded  the  respect  of  all  the 
men  under  him.  He  was  a  man  of  valor:  and  realizing 
from  his  heart  the  honesty  of  the  cause  he  had  espoused, 
he  fought  to  his  death.  After  going  through  many  of 
the  most  hotly  contested  battles,  he  fell  wounded  at 
Seven  Pines,  while  gallantly  acting  as  Adjutant  of  his 
regiment.  His  remains  lie  buried  in  Oakwood  Ceme- 
tery, Richmond,  Virginia.  Reveille. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  83 

APPOINTMENT  OF  A  LADY. 


We  give  below  a  unique  appointment  as  Clerk  in  Com- 
missary Department,  to  Miss  E.  M.^B.  Hoyt;  having 
been  burned  out  in  Washington,  she  sought  refuge  with 
her  brother-in-law,  Major  DeMille,  in  charge  of  the  Com- 
missary Department,  Greenville.  Her  pay,  for  faithful 
and  efficient  services,  was  in  tobacco,  which  was  ex- 
changed for  a  barrel  of  snuff,  and  finally  sold  for  twelve 
dollars  in  greenbacks. 

Subsistence  Department. 
GrOLDSBORO,  N.  C,  January  6,  1864. 
Major  :  As  your  application  to  appoint  a  lady  clerk  was  the  first 
ever  made  in  my  district,  I  concluded  it  was  better  to  have  it  endorsed 
by  Major  Sloan.  I  forwarded  it  and  wrote  him,  and  he  concurs  with 
me  in  the  propriety  of  giving  them  appointments  when  they  are  will- 
ing to  take  them. 

********* 

I  am.  Major,  yours,  Wm.  W.  Morrison. 

Major  and  Chief  C.  D. 
Major  W.  E.  Demill,  C.  D.. 

Greenville,  N.  C.  L.    R. 


STflRS  flND   BARS 


The  first  Confederate  flag  displayed  in  Washington, 
N.  (,\,  tvas  made  at  the  house  of  Samuel  B.  Waters,  by 
Mrs.  8.  B.  Waters,  Mrs.  Claudia  A.  Benbury,  Miss  Jean- 
nette  McDonald  and  Miss  Sarah  W.  Williams,  and  was 
flung  to  the  breeze  from  the  window  over  the  door  of 
the  court-house  on  the  occasion  of  a  speech  in  favor  of 
the  doctrine  of  State's  rights  and  secession',  delivered  by 
William  B.  Rodman,  and  replied  to  by  David  M.  Car- 
ter, in  the  fall  of  1860.  Reveille. 


84  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

THE  MOSQUITO  FLEET. 


Before  North  Carolina  seceded  some  preparations  were 
made  for  naval  defenses.  When  the  State  joined  the 
Confederacy  these  were  turned  over  to  the  Confederate 
States  Government,  and  by  it  placed  under  Flag  Officer 
Barron,  C.  S.  N. 

When  Commodore  Barron  was  taken  prisoner  at  Hat- 
teras,  August  29,  1861,  Flag  Officer  W.  F.  Lynch  was 
placed  in  command.  He  was  Flag  Officer  of  a  Flotilla, 
composed  of  small  vessels,  intended  for  the  defense  of 
Albemarle  and  Pamlico  Sounds  and  of  the  rivers  run- 
ning into  them,  and,  in  case  of  emergency,  it  could  pass 
through  Albemarle  and  Chesapeake  Canal  to  the  larger 
ships  of  the  Confederate  States  Navy  in  Virginia  waters. 

In  a  letter  written  to  Major-General  B.  Huger,  Feb- 
ruary 17,  1862,  by  Brigadier-General  Henry  A.  Wise,  is 
the  following:  "  A  braver  (referring  to  Lynch),  more 
earnest  and  active  officer  is  not  to  be  found  in  either 
army  or  navy,  but  he  was  too  vainglorious  of  the  fleet 
that  got  the  name  of  the  Mosquito  Fleet.  * ' 

The  Flotilla  consisted  of  eight  vessels,  commanded  by 
officers  that  had  resigned  from  the  United  States  Navy 
when  hostilities  commenced;  Captains  Cook,  Muse, 
Hunter,  Parker,  Sinclair,  Lieutenants  Guthrie.  Minor 
and  others.  The  Flotilla  cruised  the  sounds,  and  Neuse, 
Pamlico  and  Roanoke  Rivers,  visiting  Washington,  N. 
C,  in  1861.  The  efficiency  of  this  patrol  is  understood 
by  the  fact  that,  though  Hatteras  fell  in  August,  the 
Federal  forces  made  no  effort  to  take  Eastern  Carolina 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  85 

until  the  attack  on  Roanoke  Island  the  ensuing  Feb- 
ruary. When  Burnside  was  assembling  at  Hatteras  the 
expedition  for  Roanoke  Island,  Flag  Officer  Lynch,  in 
the  Seabird  (flag-ship),  with  the  Raleigh  (J.  W.  Alex- 
ander commanding)  reconnoitered  his  movements  and 
returned  to  Roanoke  Island.  At  that  battle  the  Flotilla 
occupied  a  position  in  Croatan  Sound  west  of  Roanoke 
Island,  and  on  February  7th  was  attacked  by  the  United 
States  Fleet  and  Commodore  Lynch  lost  two  steamers. 
Curlew  (Hunter  commanding),  and  Forest.  Next  day 
he  reached  Elizabeth  City  with  the  remaining  six  steam- 
ers of  the  Flotilla.  Here  he  made  a  stand,  and  on  the 
10th  of  February  Captain  Rowan  opened  fire  on  the  lit- 
tle fleet.  Lynch  burned  four  of  his  steamers,  but  two, 
Beaufort  (Captain  Parker),  and  Raleigh  (Captain  Alex- 
ander), escaped,  also  a  schooner.  Black  Warrior  (Cap- 
tain Harris).  The  Beaufort  and  Raleigh  reached  Nor- 
folk. The  officers  of  this  little  fleet,  after  its  destruc- 
tion, rendered  important  services  to  the  Confederate 
States — Commodore  Lynch  on  the  Cape  Fear  and  Missis- 
sippi Rivers,  Captain  Muse  on  the  Cape  Fear,  Sinclair 
on  Confederate  States  ship,  Nashville,  Cook  on  the 
Ram,  Albemarle. 

The  name  of  ' w  Mosquito  Fleet ' '  was  subsequently  ap- 
plied to  the  twelve  or  thirteen  launches  that,  under  Lieu- 
tenant Wood,  destroved  the  Underwriter  at  New  Berne. 

J.   J.   B. 


s<;  The  Confederate  Reveille. 


JEFFERSON   D0VIS'   ESTIMATE  OF  NORTH  CARO- 
LINA TROOPS* 


As  testimony  of  the  estimation  in  which  the  North 
Carolina  troops  were  held  by  those  who  had  abundant 
means  of  judging,  the  following  letter  will,  perhaps,  be 
of  interest  to  this  and  future  generations: 

Beauvoir,  Harrison  Co.,  Miss.,  May  9,  1882. 
Col.  W.  L.  Saunders,  Secretary  of  State. 

Dear  Sir:  I  am  gratified  to  learn  that  you  have  in 
course  of  preparation  a  Roster  of  North  Carolina  troops 
in  the  Confederate  service. 

Men  live  in  the  estimation  of  posterity,  not  by  their 
deeds  alone,  but  by  their  historians,  also.  North  Carolina 
may  proudly  point  to  the  valor  of  her  sons  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary War  to  sustain  her  declaration  that  she  was  a 
free,  sovereign,  and  independent  State.  As  one  of  the 
original  thirteen  that  formed  the  Confederation,  she 
clung  to  it  with  the  fidelity  and  tenacity  characteristic 
of  her  people ;  hence  she  was  next  to  the  last  to  accept 
the  Constitution  for  a  more  perfect  Union ;  but,  having 
entered  in,  she  was  faithful  to  it  in  every  public  and 
private  relation;  and  when  it  last  became  needful  to 
consider  the  propriety  of  asserting  the  sovereignty  she 
had  never  surrendered,  the  same  deliberation  which 
had  marked  her  previous  course  then  governed  her  ac- 
tion; hence  she  was  not  among  the  first  to  pass  an  ordi- 
nance for  secession :  yet,  after  having  duly  counted  the 
cost,  she  boldly  accepted  the  issue,  and  staked  life,  for- 
tune, and  sacred  honor  on  the  maintenance  of  the  prin- 
ciples for  which  her  sons  had  fought,  bled,  and  died  in 
the  war  of  1776. 

How  her  sons  bore  themselves  in  the  last  ordeal,  your 
Roster  will  partly  tell.    There  will  be  shown  the  relative 

*From  -'The  Reveille,"  January  5.  1886. 


JEFFERSON  DAVIS. 


88  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

proportion  of  her  troops  to  her  population  capable  of 
bearing  arms,  and  the  long  list  of  killed  and  wounded 
will  prove  that  they  were  not  the  rear  in  attack  or  the 
front  in  retreat. 

I  have  often  expressed  my  high  estimate  of  the  con- 
duct of  North  Carolinians  during  our  war,  but  can 
eulogy  enhance  the  fair  fame  with  which  their  names 
will  descend  to  posterity  ?  That  their  children  and  their 
children's  children  may  be  worthy  of  their  sires  is  the 
best  wish  and  highest  hope  which  I  can  offer  them. 
Yours  faithfully, 

Jefferson  Davis. 


sj 

BEAUFORT  COUNTY  SOLDIERS,   1861-1865. 


When  Abraham    Lincoln,    President  of  the   United 
States,  within  three  days  after  the  fall  of  Sumter  called 

on  Governor  Ellis  for  the  regiments  of  North  Carolina 
troops  to  take  part  in  a  war  against  the  Southern  States 
that  had  left  the  Union,  the  Governor  promptly  refused, 
and  by  proclamation  convened  the  General  Assembly  o#- 
the  State  to  prepare  for  the  crisis  confronting  her.  y  At 
his  request,  the  Assembly  called  for  twenty  thousand 
volunteers.  Beaufort  County  responded  enthusiastically, 
and  before  the  end  of  January,  1862,  eleven  companies 
enlisted  for  periods  ranging  from  twelve  months  to  the 
close  of  the  Civil  War.  Five  of  these  companies  were 
artillery,  viz.  : — 

1.  The  Washington  Grays. 

2.  Kennedy  Artillery. 

3.  McMillan  Artillery. 

4.  Rodman's  Heavy  Artillery. 

5.  Whitehurst's  Artillery. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  89 

Five  were  infantry  companies,  viz. : — 

1.  Jeff  Davis  Rifles. 

2.  Southern  Guards. 

3.  Pamlico  Rifles. 

4.  Confederate  Guards.  * 

5.  Beaufort  Ploughboys. 

The  Star  Boys  was  a  cavalry  company. 

The  Grays  organized  in  April,  1861;  elected  Thomas 
Sparrow,  Captain;  and  on  the  25th  of  that  month, 
through  Honorable  W.  B.  Rodman,  offered  its  services 
to  Governor  Ellis.  The  Governor  commissioned  it.  May 
6,  and  asked  to  have  the  company  increased  to  112  men. 

It  was  ordered  on  May  10  to  report  at  Ocracoke  Inlet 
to  E.  Morris,  North  Carolina  Engineers;  left  Washing- 
ton, May  20,  and  was  stationed  at  Portsmouth,  N.  C, 
until  August,  when  Colonel  W.  T.  Martin  (Seventh  Reg- 
iment, North  Carolina  Volunteers)  requested  it  to  join 
his  forces  at  Hatteras.  It  surrendered  with  that  fort, 
August  29,  1861,  and  was  in  prison,  first  on  Governor's 
Island,  New  York  Harbor;  second  in  Fort  Warren,  Bos- 
ton Harbor,  until  February,  1862. 

Samuel  Lanier,  of  this  company,  died  in  Fort  Warren 
and  was  brought  home  and  buried  near  Bath.  Alter  its 
exchange  the  company  was  reorganized.  Captain  Spar- 
row was  promoted  Major  of  the  Tenth  Regiment  North 
Carolina  State  Troops;  First  Lieutenant  William  Shaw 
became  Captain;  and  it  was  attached  to  the  Tenth  Regi- 
ment as  Company  K.  Its  subsequent  service  was  chiefly 
on  the  Cape  Fear  River,  below  Wilmington.  The  Tenth 
was  one  of  the  regiments  not  brigaded. 

The  Kennedy  Artillery  was  raised  by  Charles  P.  Jones, 


90  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

a  Methodist  minister,  in  April,  1861,  and  was  first  sta- 
tioned about  three  miles  north  of  Washington,  N.  C. 
Z.  F.  Adams  was  commissioned  its  second  Captain,  April 
21st,  1862,  and  it  was  afterwards  known  as  Adams' 
Battery.  The  Battery  was  Company  D.,  Fifth  Battalion. 
Light  Artillery.  It  was  stationed  at  Fort  Fisher,  tak- 
ing part  in  both  battles  at  the  fort,  and  made  prisoner 
in  January,  1865,  at  that  place. 

Captain  W.  H.  Tripp,  of  the  McMillan  Artillery,  was 
commissioned  October  1,  1861.  His  company  was  drilled 
at  Chocowinity  by  Lieutenants  Bonner  and  Hardenburg. 
From  there  it  was  ordered  to  Fort  Hill,  on  Pamlico 
River. 

Rodman's  Heavy  Artillery  was  named  for  its  first 
Captain,  W.  B.  Rodman,  who  received  his  commission 
October  21,  1861.  Captain  Rodman  was  promoted  Ma- 
jor, and  John  E.  Leggett  became  Captain,  March  13, 
L862.  It  was  first  stationed  at  Swan  Point,  on  Pamlico 
River. 

Captain  C.  C.  Whitehurst  was  commissioned  January 
23,  1862.  His  company  was  stationed  at  Fort  Hill. 
Pamlico  River. 

These  three  companies  were  ordered  to  reinforce  New 
Berne,  in  March,  1S62,  but,  on  reaching  Kinston,  found 
the  Confederates  retreating.  The  McMillan  Artillery 
and  Rodman's  Artilleiy  went  into  camp  at  Falling- 
Creek,  near  Goldsboro;  and  Whitehurst's  Artillery  re- 
mained at  Kinston.  In  April,  1862,  they  were  ordered 
to  the  Cape  Fear  River — McMillan  and  Whitehurst  to 
Fort  Fisher,  Rodman's  to  Fort  St.  Phillips. 

When  the  Fortieth  Regiment  was  formed,  at  President 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  91 

Davis1  suggestion,  these  companies  were  ordered  to  Bald 
Head,  and  became  Company  B.,  Company  C,  and  Com- 
pany I.,  Fortieth  Regiment.  From  Bald  Head  they 
were  ordered  to  Georgia  to  reinforce  General  Hardee; 
and  then,  back  to  Bald  Head,  whicli  was  evacuated  in 
1865.  They  were  in  the  battles  of  Fort  Anderson, 
Town's  Creek,  Jackson's  Mills  and  Bentonville;  and 
surrendered  with  General  Joseph  E.  Johnson.  April  26, 
1865,  at  Greensboro. 

INFANTRY. 

The  Jeff  Davis  Rifles  were  enlisted  in  1861,  the  com- 
missions of  its  officers  bearing  date  May  16,  1861.  In 
1862,  its  Captain,  John  R.  Carmer,  resigned  and  Archi- 
bald Craige  was  promoted  Captain.  Eight  of  its  pri- 
vates were  transferred  to  the  Confederate  States  Navy. 
It  joined  the  Third  Regiment,  North  Carolina  State 
Troops,  at  Garysburg,  as  Company  I.  This  regiment 
(Gaston  Mears,  Colonel)  was  first  attached  to  Ripley's 
Brigade,  Jackson's  Corps,  Army  of  Northern  Virginia. 

The  Southern  Guards,  D.  M.  Carter,  Captain,  enlisted 
May,  1861,  and  was  commissioned  May  16.  The  chan- 
ges in  the  company  were  many.     It  had  five  Captains : 

(1).  D.  M  Carter,  wounded  and  promoted  Colonel; 
(2).  D.  G.  Latham,  killed;  (3).  T.  M.  Allen,  wounded 
twice;  (4).  J.  H.  Carter;  (5).  C.  K.  Gallagher.  The 
company  went  into  camp  at  Washington,  N.  C,  in  the 
spring  of  1861. 

Pamlico  Rifles  was  raised  by  W.  T.  Marsh,  whose 
commission  bore  date  May  10,  1861.  The  officers  and 
privates  were  principally  from  Richland  Township,  and 


92  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

the  company's  first  camp  was  on  South  Creek.  Its  Cap- 
tain, W.  T.  Marsh,  was  killed. 

Southern  Guards  and  Pamlico  Rifles  joined  at  Garys- 
burg  the  Fourth  Regiment  (G.  B.  Anderson,  Colonel), 
the  Guards  being  Company  E.,  the  Rifles,  Company  I. 

The  Fourth  was  ordered  to  Virginia  and  became  a  part 
of  Anderson's  Brigade,  Early's  Division,  A.  N.  V. 

The  Confederate  Guards  enlisted  for  twelve  months, 
with  James  Swindell  Captain.  It  drilled  at  Chocowinity ; 
was  a  part  of  Seventh  Regiment,  Noi^th  Carolina  Volun- 
teers. It  went  to  Garysburg  in  1861 ;  garrisoned  Beau- 
fort, North  Carolina,  and,  when  the  town  was  evacuated, 
went  to  Suffolk,  Virginia.  When  its  time  expired  it 
disbanded.  Twenty -one  of  its  privates  joined  the  Cav- 
alry Company  commanded  by  Captain  Fred  Harding 
(Company  K.,  Forty-first  Regiment).  These  did  noble 
service  in  W.  H.  F.   Lee's   Division,  Hampton's  Corps, 

A.  N.  V.  The  remainder  joined  other  companies, 
Beaufort  Ploughboys  received  its  commission  Novem- 
ber 6,  1861.  The  company  contained  a  full  complement 
of  commissioned  and  non-commissioned  officers  and 
men.  Henry  Harding  was  Captain  nearly  a  year,  when 
he  was  promoted  Major  of  the  regiment  (61st),  and 
William  Stevenson  became  Captain.  The  Company  was 
Company  B.,  Sixty-first  Regiment,  North  Carolina  State 
Troops,  at  one  time  in  Clingman's  Brigade.     Company 

B.  was  in  the  Battle  at  New  Berne,  after  which  it  was 
ordered  to  Fort  Fisher;  then  into  South  Carolina,  and 
in  1864  to  Virginia,  being  in  engagements  at  Petersburg, 
Cold  Harbor,  and  Drury's  Bluff.  It  was  at  Bentonville, 
and  surrendered  in  North  Carolina. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  93 

The  Star  Boys  belonged  to  the  Second  North  Carolina 
Cavalry  (Company  G.,  Nineteenth  Regiment).  It  was 
stationed  at  Kittrell,  where  its  First  Lieutenant,  Samuel 
Whitehurst,  died.  Its  Captain,  Louis  E  Satterthwait. 
was  commissioned  April  30,  1861,  and  on  his  resignation 
William  M.  Owens  assumed  command.  Four  of  its  pri- 
vates were  transferred  to  the  Confederate  States  Navy. 
It  was  first  in  W.  H.  F.  Lee's  Brigade,  Stuart  Division, 
A.  N.  V. 

Four  of  Beaufort  County's  infantry  companies  and  the 
Star  Boys  served  in  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia. 
From  Seven  Pines  to  Appomattox,  Beaufort  County 
soldiers  fought  in  every  great  battle — Seven  Pines, 
Ellyson's  Mills,  Cold  Harbor,  Malvern  Hill,  Second  Ma- 
nassas, Sharpsburg,  Chancellors ville.  Brandy  Station, 
Upperville,  Gettysburg,  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania, 
Ream's  Station,  Petersburg.  The  Southern  Guards  lost 
heavily  at  Seven  Pines :  Captain  Carter  was  wounded 
and  First  Lieutenant  Perry,  killed;  at  Sharpsburg  its 
Captain,  D.  G.  Latham,  was  killed.  Captain  W.  T. 
Marsh,  Pamlico  Rifles,  fell  at  Sharpsburg. 

The  artillery  was  engaged  in  not  less  important  duty, 
protecting  Cape  Fear  River,  which  remained  open  to 
blockade-runners  after  other  Southern  rivers  were 
closed. 

More  than  a  regiment  of  soldiers  entered  the  South- 
ern army  from  Beaufort  County,  most  of  them  in  her 
own  companies,  but  some  in  other  companies,  noticeably 
in  the  Branch  Artillery,  Craven  County. 

The  only  available  death  roll  gives  170  men.  Of  these, 
seventy  either  were  killed  or  died  of  wounds ;  two  died 


94  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

at  Elmira ;  one  at  Fort  Delaware ;  one  at  Fort  Warren ; 
one  at  Fort  Pulaski ;  the  others  during  their  periods  of 
service. 

"On  fame's  eternal  camping  ground 
Their  silent  tents  are  spread." 

There,  with  those  who  have  since  joined  the  "  Bivouac 
of  the  Dead,11  they  await  in  peace  the  Archangel's  Re- 
veille. J.   J.   B. 


PITT  COUNTY    SOLDIERS,   1861-1865 


The  Presidential  election  of  1860  was  doubtless  the 
most  exciting  ever  known  in  the  South,  and  resulted  in 
the  election  of  Linnoln,\and  the  attempted  disruption  of 
the  Union,  South  Carolina  taking  the  initiative,  by  pass- 
ing the  ordinance  of  secession,  December  20th  following. 
Other  Southern  States  soon  followed  it.  The  North 
Carolina  Legislature  was  then  in  session,  and  in  Febru- 
ary, 1861,  passed  an  act  for  the  election  of  delegates  to 
a  State  Convention,  provided  a  majority  of  the  voters 
should  at  the  same  time  vote  for  the  Convention.  A 
small  majority  opposed  the  Convention. 

Lincoln  was  inaugurated  March  1,  1861,  and  immedi- 
ately began  steps  to  preserve  the  Union.  An  attempt 
to  provision  Fort  Sumter  led  to  firing  that  shot  which 
was  echoed  around  the  world.  President  Lincoln  made 
requisition  upon  Governor  Ellis  for  troops  to  fight  the 
Seceded  States.  The  requisition  was  refused,  the  Legis- 
lature was  convened,  and  provisions  made  for  electing 
delegates  to  a  Convention.  The  Convention  met,  and 
on  May  20,  1861,  the  ordinance  of  secession  was  passed, 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  95 

and  North  Carolina  became  the  ninth  member  of  the 
Southern  Confederacy.  F.  B.  Satterthwaite  and  Bryan 
Grimes  represented  Pitt  County  in  the  Secession  Con- 
vention. 

Prior  to  the  act  of  secession,  preparations  for  war  had 
been  going  on  all  over  the  State.  Pitt  County  was  not 
behind  in  that  movement.  Public  opinion  had  been 
given  out  through  mass  meetings,  conventions  and  other 
gatherings.  Many  deplored  war,  and  there  was  much 
Union  sentiment,  but  there  was  unity  in  "North  Caro- 
lina first."  Companies  were  gotten  up,  equipped,  drilled 
and  hurried  to  the  war  to  repel  armed  invasion  under 
the  authority  of  him,  who  was  elected  on  the  platform, 
denouncing  ct  the  lawless  invasion  by  armed  force  of  the 
soil  of  any  State  or  Territory,  no  matter  under  what 
pretext,  as  among  the  gravest  of  crimes."  It  was  Lin- 
coln's bad  faith  that  drove  North  Carolina  out  of  the 
Union,  and  Pitt  County  gave  the  flower  of  its  manhood 
to  its  service. 

Company  H,   27th  Regiment. 

The  first  company  raised  in  Pitt  County  was  that 
afterwards  known  as  Company  H.  of  the  Twenty- seventh 
Regiment.  It  was  organized  in  March.  1861,  with 
George  B.  SingePary  Captain,  and  R.  W.  Singeltary, 
First  Lieutenant.  It  was  organized  with  about  14-0  men. 
Leaving  Greenville,  it  went  to  .New  Berne,  remaining 
around  there  some  time,  then  going  to  Virginia,  where 
it  was  in  the  seven  days1  fight  and  other  battles  around 
Richmond  and  Petersburg,  and  was  included  in  the  sur- 
render at  Appomattox. 


96  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

Its  first  Captain,  George  B.  Singeltary,  was  commis- 
sioned Colonel  of  his  regiment  September  28.  1861, 
which  he  resigned  the  following  December.  He  was 
commissioned  Colonel  of  the  Forty-fourth  Regiment 
March  28,  1802,  and  was  killed  at  Tranter's  Creek  June 
5  following.  R.  W.  Singeltary  succeeded  to  the  Cap- 
taincy of  Company  H.,  and  was  promoted  Lieutenant 
Colonel  of  the  regiment  April  16,  1862.  He  resigned 
the  following  October.  J.  A.  Williams,  H.  F.  Price  and 
J.  F.  Mauker,  were  respectively  promoted  Captain  of 
this  company. 

Company  I,   17th  Regiment. 

The  second  company  was  that  of  George  W.  Johnson, 
Captain,  raised  at  Greenville,  known  as  the  ikTar  River 
Boys/'  over  100  strong.  Robert  Greene  was  First  Lieu- 
tenant. Leaving  Greenville  it  went  to  Portsmouth,  N. 
C,  and  afterwards  to  Hatteras,  where  it  was  captured. 
After  spending  some  time  in  Fort  Warren  prison,  the 
men  were  paroled,  and  later  exchanged.  A  reorganiza- 
tion of  the  company  was  afterwards  made,  but  many  of 
its  former  men  had  joined  other  companies,  and  new 
men  helped  to  make  up  the  new  company,  which  then 
became 

Company  K,   17th  Regiment. 

Another  company  having  become  Company  I.,  How- 
ard Wiswall,  Captain,  commissioned  April  4,  1862,  and 
John  H.  Gray,  First  Lieutenant.  It  was  organized  at 
Greenville,  belonged  to  the  North  Carolina  State  Troops, 
but  was  sent  to  Virginia;  and,  returning  to  the  State, 
was  in  Johnson's  army  at  its  surrender. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  (.»7 

Company  C,  44th  Regiment. 

W.  L.  Cherry,  Captain;  commissioned  January  25, 
1862;  Abram  Cox,  First  Lieutenant.  Organized  at 
Greenville ;  went  to  Camp  Mangum ;  back  to  Pitt  County. 
After  service  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  State  was  sent 
to  Virginia.  W.  L.  Cherry  was  detailed  Assistant  Quar- 
termaster December  1,  1882.  and  W.  G.  Cherry  suc- 
ceeded as  Captain.  Abram  Cox  was  promoted  A.  C.  S. 
April  1,  1862. 

Company  G.   sth  Regiment. 

E.  C.  Yeliowby,  Captain;  commissioned  May  16,  1861; 
A.  J.  Hines,  First  Lieutenant.  Organized  at  Greenville: 
went  into  camp  at  Warrenton ;  from  there  went  to  Roa- 
nDke  Island,  where  it  was  captured;  was  held  prisoners 
on  fleet  until  paroled,  and  later  exchanged ;  reorganized 
at  Camp  Mangum  in  September,  1862,  and  was  sent  to 
Kinston.  Did  service  in  South  Carolina  and  Virginia. 
Was  in  Charleston  during  the  seige  of  1863;  was  in  the 
battles  around  Petersburg  and  Richmond  in  1864.  Took 
conspicuous  part  in  the  capture  of  Plymouth,  April  20, 
1S64,  and  was  with  Johnson  at  the  surrender,  only  three 
of  the  organization  members  being  on  its  rolls.  E.  C. 
Yeliowby  was  promoted  Major  August  3,  1863,  and 
afterwards  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  Sixty-eighth  Regi- 
ment.    Hines  succeeded  as  Captain. 

Company  E,  27th  Regiment. 

William  H.  Morrill,  Captain;  commissioned  April, 
1861;  J.  B.  Barrett,  First  Lieutenant.  Organized  at 
Marlboro ;  went   to   New  Berne  for  about  a  year ;  was 


98  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

sent  to  South  Carolina  and  Virginia ;  was  at  Gettysburg 
and  at  Appomattox.  Morrill  was  promoted  Commissary ; 
J.  P.  Joyner  succeeded  as  Captain;  and  on  his  promo- 
tion to  Adjutant,  R.  W.  Joyner  became  Captain. 

Company  D,  44th  Regiment. 

L.  R.  Anderson,  Captain;  commissioned  February  14, 
1862;  Cornelius  Stephens,  First  Lieutenant.  Organized 
at  Greenville;  went  to  Camp  Mangum ;  did  service  in 
the  eastern  part  of  the  State  and  then  went  to  Virginia ; 
was  in  the  battles  around  Petersburg  and  Richmond,  in 
the  seven  days'  fight ;  Gettysburg,  the  wilderness,  and 
Appomattox. 

Company  I.  44th  Regiment. 

D.  H.  Smith,  Captain;  commissioned  January  20, 
1862;  J.  J.  Bland,  First  Lieutenant.  Organized  in  the 
Switt  Creek  section,  and  contained  some  Craven  County 
men;  John  R.  Roach  was  promoted  Captain  from  Lieu- 
tenant. 

Company  E,  55th  Regiment. 

James  G.  Whitehead,  Captain;  commissioned  April 
1,  1862;  H.  W.  Brown,  First  Lieutenant.  Organized 
at  Greenville;  went  to  Camp  Mangum.  After  service 
in  the  State  went  to  Virginia;  was  at  Gettysburg  and 
sustained  heavy  losses.  James  G.  Whitehead  promoted 
Major,  May  19,  1862,  and  died  March  10,  1863.  Howell 
G.  Whitehead  promoted  Captain,  September  3,  1862. 

Company  E,  66th  Regiment. 

G.  W.  Cox,  Captain;  I.  K.  AVitherington,  First  Lieu- 
tenant.   Organized  at  New  Berne,  and  had  some  officers 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  99 

and  men  from  other  counties,  but  mostly  from  Pitt ;  did 
service  of  bridge  guards  around  Kinston,  New  Berne 
and  other  places;  was  in  Virginia  a  short  while;  was 
first  in  Wright's  Battalion,  and  helped  form  the  Sixty- 
sixth  Regiment,  after  which  it  was  around  Wilmington 
and  with  Johnston  at  the  surrender.  G.  W.  Cox  was 
promoted  Provo  Marshall  of  Kinston  and  S.  S.  Quin- 
erly  succeeded  as  Captain. 

Company  E,  67th  Regiment. 

C.  A.  White,  then  of  Craven,  Captain;  commissioned 
February  10,  18(53;  Asa  W.  Jones,  First  Lieutenant. 
Organized  in  the  lower  part  of  the*  county,  with  some 
men  from  other  counties;  State  troops,  and  never  left 
the  State;  saw  much  service  in  this  section;  disbanded 
at  close  of  war  near  Greenville. 

Company  H,  87th  Regiment. 

Asa  W.  Jones,  Captain;  commissioned  June  30,  1863; 
promoted  from  Company  E:  D.  W.  Wood,  First  Lieuten- 
ant. Organized  with  recruits  from  Company  E;  half 
its  men  were  from  other  counties;  service,  same  with 
Company  E. 

Company  I,  67th  Regiment. 

Edward  F.  White,  Captain ;  commissioned  September 
•2-2,  1863;  W.  W.  Tucker,  First  Lieutenant.  Also  or- 
ganized from  Company  E,  with  other  recruits;  service, 
same  as  Companies  E  and  H. 

Junior  Reserves. 
One  company  of  Junior  Reserves  was  organized  at 
Goldsboro  in  April,  1864,  the  majority  being  from  Pitt 


100  The  Confederate  Reveille, 

County ;  did  services  as  bridge  guards.  Went  to  Virginia 
a  short  while  in  December.  18til;  returned  to  the  State, 
and  were  attached  to  Johnston's  army  at  the  surrender. 
McD.  Boyd,  Captain;  J.  J.  Laughinghouse,  First  Lieu- 
tenant; afterwards  promoted  Captain,  being  only  six- 
teen, and  the  youngest  man  in  the  Confederate  army 
bearing  a  Captain's  commission. 

Company  D,   3rd  Regiment. 

Raised  principally  in  New  Hanover  County ;  had  sixty 
privates  from  Pitt  County. 

Others. 

Pitt  County  furnished  quite  a  number  of  officers  and 
a  great  many  privates  to  other  companies  and  regi- 
ments. Louis  Hilliard,  Assistant  Commissary  of  Sub- 
sistence of  the  Second  Regiment;  commissioned  July 
15,  1861.  Bryan  Grimes,  commissioned  Major  Fourth 
Regiment,  May.  ISfil;  rose  successively  to  Lieutenant 
Colonel,  and  Colonel  of  that  regiment,  and  Brigadier 
General  and  Major  General ;  with  the  exception  of  Gen- 
eral. R.  F.  Hoke,  the  only  North  Carolinian  not  a  West 
Pointer  and  without  previous  military  training,  who 
rose  to  so  high  rank. 

Charles  J.  O'Hagan,  Surgeon  Thirty- fifth  Regiment, 
promoted  from  ranks. 

W.  C.  Jordan,  Assistant  Quartermaster,  Sixty-sixth 
Regiment. 

J.  N.  Bynum,  Surgeon  Forty-fourth  Regiment,  pro- 
moted from  ranks. 

L.  J.  Barrett,  Captain  Company  H.,  Seventy-fifth 
Regiment,  promoted  from  ranks. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  lol 

Pitt  County  furnished  more  than  1.200  troops,  and  of 
it  may  be  said,  tk  First  at  Bethel,"  '.'  Last  at  Appomat- 
tox,"' for  Henry  Wyatt,  claimed  to  be  the  first  soldier 
killed  in  line  of  battle,  had  long  lived  in  Pitt  County, 
having  gone  to  Edgecombe  a  shorfc  time  before  enlist- 
ing; and  North  Carolina  troops  under  Major  General 
Bryan  Grimes  made  the  last  charge  at  Appomattox. 
And,  too,  the  only  Confederate  flag  planted  upon  the 
Fedei  al  works  at  Gettysburg  on  the  third  day.  was  in  the 
hands  of  Dan  Thomas,  who  afterwards  made  Pitt 
County  his  home  aiicl  now  sleeps  beneath  its  sod. 

Pitt  County  troops  were'  in  many  of  the  hardest 
fought  battles,  and  many  were  those  who  never  returned, 
finding  a  last  resting  place  among  strangers,  leaving  a 
record  of  duty,  heroically  performed,  patriotism  untar- 
nished, sacrifices  hitherto  uoknown,  and  valor  unex- 
celled, a  fit  monument  to  their  immortal  achievements. 

Henry  T.  King. 

Greenville,  N.  C,  April  11,  1898. 

\  _    _ 

CRAVEN  COUNTY   IN  Th|E   WflR  BETWEEN  THE 
STATES,   1861-1865. 


The  following  is  a  partial  list  of  the  companies  of  sol- 
diers that  went  to  the  front  fiom  Craven  County  during 
the  late  war.  It  is  incomplete,  but  as  full  and  accurate 
as  the  limited  space  allowed  for  its  publication  will  ad- 
mit of.  It  is  not  pretended  that  it  is  in  any  sense  a  his- 
tory, but  is  rather  a  roster  of  the  several  companies, 
with  their  officers  at  the  time  of  their  original  organi- 
zation, with  some  few  additional  particulars: 
8 


1<>2  The  Confederate  Reveille. 


■ 


1.  The  tlElm  City  Rifles,' '  Company  "K,"  Second 
Regiment  Infantry,  North  Carolina  State  Troops,  an  old 
volunteer  company,  organized  in  1857.  It  was  ordered 
to  Fort  Macon,  Beaufort  Harbor,  April  J. 5th,  1861,  with 
a  force  of  78  men,  rank  and  file,  and  four  officers.  Cap- 
tain, George  C.  Lewis;  Lieutenants,  Alexander  Miller,, 
Jr.,  Richard  D.  Hancock,  Joseph  F.  Hellen,  and.  later, 
William  Calder.  The  company  was  transferred  to  the 
Second  Regiment,  June  18th,  1861;  121  privates  were 
enlisted  in  this  company  during  its  whole  term  of  service. 

2.  The  "New  Berne  Light  Infantry1'  was  another 
old  volunteer  company,  organized  in  1856.  It  was  as- 
signed to  the  Fifth  Regiment  of  State  Troops  as  Com- 
pany "D. "  Of  its  men,  forty-six  were  from  Craven 
County  when  it  was  mustered  into  the  service,  the  re- 
mainder from  Lenoir.  Its  officers  were:  Captain,  Jacob 
Brookfield  (killed  at  Williamsburg);  Lieutenants,  Wil- 
liam George  Brinson,  Elijah  C.  Cuthbert,  R.  R.  Grant, 
S.  F.  Flannagan.  During  the  war  this  company  num- 
bered 136  privates  in  all. 

3.  Company  "I,"  of  the  Second  Regiment,  State 
Troops,  Infantry,  was  organized  as  the  "  Beauregard 
Rifles, "  with  a  complement  of  77  enlisted  men  and  four 
officers:  Captain,  Daniel  W.  Hurtt;  Lieutenants,  John 
P.  Dillingham  (Quartermaster),  N.  Collin  Hughes,  Ed- 
ward K.  Bryan,  Sylvester  Taylor;  the  Captain's  com- 
mission bearing  date  of  May  Kith,  1861.  There  were 
1 24  privates  altogether  enlisted  in  this  company. 

4.  The  "  Gaston  Rifles  "  were  also  of  the  Second  In- 
fantry, being  Company  l '  F' '  of  that  regiment.  Its  origi- 
nal muster  rolls  foot  up  70  enlisted  men  and  four  offi- 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  103 

cers,  viz.:  Hugh  L.  Cole,  Captain;  N.  Macon  Chad- 
wick,  B.  L.  Wetherington,  and  H.  J.  B.  Clark,  Lieuten- 
ants. The  commission  of  the  Captain  was  also  dated 
May  16th.  1861.     There  were  130  privates  in  all. 

5.  Company  kk  B.""  (Artillery)  of  the  Tenth  Regiment, 
North  Carolina  State  Troops,  was  mustered  into  service 
on  June  12th,  1861,  and  was  stationed  first  at  Fort  Ma- 
con. It  numbered  then  96  enlisted  men,  with  the  fol- 
lowing officers:  Tilghman  H.  Guion,  Captain;  A.  C. 
Latham.  Thaddeus  Coleman  and  Joseph  W.  Stevenson, 
Lieutenants;  131  privates  in  all.  Commissions  dated 
May  16th,  1861. 

6.  The  "Craven  County  Artillery, "  Captain,  John  N. 
Whitford ;  Lieutenants,  Stephen  G.  Barrington  and  Ed- 
ward Whitford,  was  first  on  duty  at  Fort  Thompson, 
near  New  Berne,  and  went  into  sevice  with  107  enlisted 
men,  besides  four  offices.  The  Company  was  afterwards 
transferred  to  the  infantry,  and  became  Company  * k  B  ' ' 
of  the  Sixty-seventh  Regiment;  with  Stephen  G.  Bar- 
rington as  Captain,  and  Thomas  H.  Gaskins  and  Joseph 
D.  Myers,  Lieutenants.  Before  its  transferal  to  the  In- 
fantry, this  company  was  Company  "  I  "  of  the  Tenth 
Regiment  North  Carolina  Troops  (First  Artillery). 

7.  The  tk  Gatlin  Artillery  "  served  first  also  at  Fort 
Thompson  with  98  enlisted  men.  Its  officers  were: 
James  S.  Lane,  Captain;  Adam  Barrington,  Henry  H. 
Hooker  and  John  J.  Brabble,  Lieutenants.  It  was  after- 
wards Company  "  B  "  of  the  Fortieth  Regiment  (Artil- 
lery), and  numbered  154  privates,  all  told,  some  of  them 
from  Lenoir  and  Wayne  Counties. 

These  seven  companies  were  mustered  in  at  the  outset, 


1<>4  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

not  for  One  year,  or  for  any  fixed  period,  but  as  k'  State 
troops,  for  the  war.*1  A  list  of  the  original  enlistments 
is  still  preserved. 

Eesides  the  companies  mentioned,  the  following  in  the 
Sixty-seventh  Regiment,  Infantry,  were  also  from  Craven 
County,  viz.:  Company  "D,"  Captain,  Daniel  A.  Cog- 
dell:  Lieutenants,  Joseph  VV.  Brothers,  William  P.  Lane 
and  David  Cogdell.  Company  "  F,"  Captain,  David  P. 
Whitford;  Lieutenants,  John  J.  Bunn,  James  H.  Mar- 
shall and  James  F.  Heath. 

Company  ki  F,"  Thirty-sixth  Regiment,  North  Car  - 
lina  Troops  ( Artillery ),  was  recruited  mostly  in  Craven 
County,  though  some  of  the  men  were  from  Halifax 
County.  Its  officers  were :  Samuel  B.  Hunter,  Captain; 
Eiuin  L.  Hunter,  Wiliie  C.  Williford  and  William  0. 
Daniel,  Lieutenants. 

Company  "  H, '"  of  the  Sixty- seventh  Regiment,  was 
composed  largely  of  men  from  Craven  County,  as  was 
Company  "  E  ' '  of  the  Forty -first  Regiment  (Third  Cav- 
alry;. In  Compan}^  lt  H.'"  Ninth  Regiment,  North  Car- 
olina Troops  (First  Cavalry),  were  many  men  from  Cra- 
ven County,  among  them  George  L.  Dewey ;  at  one  time 
its  Captain,  who  was  killed  in  action  at  Dinwiddle 
Court  House,  Virginia,  March  31st,  1865. 

A  company  deserving  of  special  mention  is  the 
"  Branch  Artillery,"1  named  in  honor  of  General  L. 
O'B.  Branch.  Recruited  at  first  in  Craven,  it  was  after- 
wards reinforced  by  a  detachment  from  Carteret,  and 
was  first  in  action  at  the  battle  of  New  Berne,  March, 
1862.  It  was  probably  the  only  Light  Artillery  Com- 
pany sent  out  from  Craven  County  during  the  war,  and 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  105 

was  known  in  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  succes- 
sively as  Latham's  (North  Carolina)  Battery,  and  Plan- 
ner's Battery.  Its  officers  were :  Alexander  C.  Latham, 
John  Potts  (killed),  and  Henry  Gr.  Flanner,  Captains: 
Samuel  W.  Latham,  Woodbury  WJieeler,  John  Perry 
(afterwards  Ordnance  Officer;,  and  George  Bryan,  Lieu- 
tenants. 

This  company  was  assigned  ho  the  Thirteenth  North 
Carolina  Battalion  as  Company  "  F, "  and  served  in  the 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia  in  the  Artillery  Battalions  of 
R.  Lindsay  Walker  air  i  .Major  John  C.  Haskell. 

In  addition  to  those  mentioned,  there  were  men  from 
Craven  County  in  the  Twenty -second  and  Thirty-third 
Infantry;  also  in  other  regiments,  both  of  Cavalry  and 
of  Infantry;  in  the  Staff  Departments  and  in  the  Navy, 
who  cannot  be  enumerated. 

Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  Craven  County,  the  greater 
part  of  which,  including  the  town  of  New  Berne,  was 
o  copied  by  the  Federal  forces  during  the  war,  sent  out 
thirteen  large  companies,  besides  many  men  in  detached 
commands,  and  that  from  a  voting  population  of  1,200, 
as  polled  at  the  Gubernatorial  election  of  August,  1860, 
then  the  largest  vote  ever  polled  in  the  county,  h  brave 
showing  and  a  most  creditable  record. 

The  writer  invites  corrections,  suggestions,  criticisms, 
and  amendments  of  this  brief  and  imperfect  sketch. 

A  complete  military  history  of  each  of  our  counties 
during  the  late  war  would  be  of  much  value  and  inter- 
est, and  such  histories  should  be  carefully  written  and 
preserved.  Graham  Daves, 

Adjutant  .'Jd  Regiment  X.  C.  Troops. 

New  Berne,  N.  C. 


106  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

NORTH  CAROLINA'S  WflR  GOVERNOR  .* 


Zebulon  Baird  Vance  was  chosen  on  May  4th,  1861,  to 
lead  the  second  company  raised  in  his  native  county. 
The  August  following  he  was  elected  the  Colonel  of  the 
Twenty-sixth  North  Carolina  Regiment-  "  His  career 
as  a  soldier  was  brief,  but  honorable.1' 

In  the  battle  of  New  Berne  and  the  seven  days'  fight 
around  Richmond  he  bore  himself  with  coolness  and  gal- 
lantry, and  won  the  love  and  affection  of  his  men,  not 
merely  by  his  power  of  personal  attraction,  but  by  care- 
ful attention  to  their  wants  and  comforts. 

In  August,  1862,  he  was  elected  by  a  large  majority 
to  the  Chief  Magistracy  of  this  State.  His  career  as  a 
soldier  was  ended,  but  he  was  to  gather  fresh  laurels  as 
North  Carolina's  great  War  Governor.  No  sooner  had 
he  assumed  office  than  the  influence  of  his  strong  arm 
was  immediately  felt  at  the  helm  of  State.  Fresh  from 
the  field,  his  first  thought  was  for  those  half-clad,  shoe- 
less men  who  had  gone  forth  in  defense  of  their  country. 
How  well  North  Carolina's  troops  were  clad,  shod  and 
blanketed,  those  of  us  who  survive  can  well  testify,  and 
the  privations  and  the  sufferings  of  many  a  poor  lad 
were  mitigated  and  relieved  by  the  wise  forethought 
and  timely  action  of  Governor  Vance.  In  addition  to 
stores  for  military  use,  he  caused  to  be  brought  from 
abroad  various  kinds  of  machinery  to  be  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  clothing.  Not  content  with  doing  all 
that  lay  within  him  to  relieve  the  necessities  of  his  peo- 

*  Extracts  from  a  speech  by  Mr.  John  B.  McRae. 


ZEBULON  BAIRD  VANCE. 


108  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

pie,  whether  in  the  field  or  at  home,  he  guarded  zeal- 
ously the  sacred  writ  of  habeas  corpus,  and  strenuously 
resisted  the  encroachments  and  usurpations  of  military 
power.  He  called  the  attention  of  the  Confederate  Gov- 
ernment towards  the  evils  resulting  from  the  abuses  of 
the  c  mscript  law.  He  urged  on  the  Department  of  War, 
the  formation  of  North  Carolina  regiments  into  brigades, 
commanded  by  North  Carolinians,  and  did  all  within  his 
power  to  relieve  the  necessities  and  sufferings  of  the 
Federal  prisoners  confined  at  Salisbury. 

In  May,  18(U,  he  visited  the  sixty-five  North  Carolina 
Eegiments  belonging  to  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia, 
and  with  his  fiery  eloquence  he  bid  the  men  be  of  good 
cheer  and  stand  fast  to  their  colors.  But  the  end  was 
not  far  distant.  Twelve  months  later,  after  sustaiuiug 
one  of  the  most  memorable  sieges  known  to  men,  Peters- 
burg fell,  and  the  great  Army  of  Northern  A7irginia  that 
had  for  four  long  years  fought  a  contest  unequalled  in 
the  annals  of  history,  succumbed  before  overwhelming 
forces.  Appomattox  was  soon  followed  by  the  surren- 
der of  General  Johnston,  and  the  sun  of  the  Confederacy 
was- extinguished  forever.  Ah!  who  can  forget  those 
fearful  days ! 

North  Carolina's  Governor  was  arrested  in  his  home 
in  the  dead  of  night  and  carried  to  the  old  capitol  prison 
at  Washington.  How  he  captivated  his  captors  by  the 
brightness  of  his  wit  and  the  drollery  of  his  humor  his 
subsequent  release,  his  memorable  campaign  with  Judge 
Settle  in  the  summer  and  fall  of  18T6;  his  election  a 
third  time  as  Governor  and  his  subsequent  career  in  the 
United  States  Senate,  all  these  events  form  a  part  of  the 
history  of  this  country. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  109 

Having  served  his  State  faithfully  in  the  Senate  for 
twelve  long  years,  he  passed  away  to  gentler  shades, 
having  as  truly  lost  his  life  in  the  service  of  his  country 
as  if  he  had  fallen  on  the  held  of  battle. 


THE  SOUTH- 
BY  Father  Ryan. 

Yes,  give  me  the  land  where  the  ruins  are  spread. 
And  the  living  tread  light  on  the  heart  of  the  dead. 
Yes.  give  me-the  land  that  is  blest  by  the  dust. 
And  bright  by  the  deeds  of  the  down-trodden  just. 

Yes,  give  me  the  land  where  the  battle's  red  blast, 
Has  flashed  on  the  future  the  form  of  the  past. 
Yes,  give  me  the  land  that  hath  legends  and  lavs. 
And  tell  of  the  memories  of  long-vanished  days. 

Yes.  give  me  the  land  that  hath  story  and  song, 
To  tell  of  the  strife  of  the  right  with  the  wrong : 
Yes.  give  me  the  land  with  a  grave  in  each  spot, 
And  the  names  in  the  graves  that  cannot  be  forgot. 

Yes.  give  me  the  land  of  the  wreck  and  the  tomb — 
There's  grandeur  in  graves,  there's  glory  in  gloom  : 
For  out  of  the  gloom  future  brightness  is  born. 
As,  after  the  night,  looms  the  sunrise  of  morn. 

And  the  graves  of  the  dead  with  the  grass  overgrown. 
May  yet  form  the  footstool  of  liberty's  throne  : 
And  each  simple  wreck  in  the  way-path  of  night, 
Shall  yet  be  a  rock  in  the  temple  of  right. 


llo  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

Moq.  GEORGE  DflVIS.* 


The  limits  of  this  publication  will  only  permit  a  brief 
account  of  the  honorable  record  of  this  distinguished 
citizen  of  the  Cape  Fear  section.  Mr.  Davis  was  born 
March  1st,  1820,  at  Porter's  Neck,  then  New  Hanover, 
now  Pender  County.  He  became  a  leading  lawyer,  and 
was  recognized  as  among  the  ablest  jurists  of  his  time. 
A  lineal  descendeut  of  the  founders  of  the  Cape  Fear 
settlement,  he  had  an  intense  love  for  his  native  section, 
and  it  is  an  irreparable  misfortune  that  he  never  under- 
took the  writing  of  the  history  of  Eastern  Carolina. 
His  essays  are  among  the  choicest  expressions  of  his 
times,  and  those  upon  the  history  of  the  Cape  Fear  re- 
gion will  be  of  priceless  value  to  coming  generations. 
W  e  quote  a  gem  in  the  following : 

"  The  slave  is  free.  God  speed  him  in  his  freedom, 
and  make  him  worthy  of  it.  The  slaveholder  has  passed 
into  history  at  the  cannon's  mouth.  His  future  life 
must  be  there,  and  there  he  will  live  forever.  He  did 
the  State  some  service.  Was  great  in  council  and  in 
action,  clear  in  honor  and  in  truth,  and  always  a  man 
wherever  true  manhood  was  wanted.  He  knew  how 
to  compel  the  love  of  friends  and  the  respect  of  enemies, 
and  how  to  build  his  proudest  monument  in  his  country's 
greatness.  But  there  are  those  who  never  loved  him,  and 
whose  fashion  it  still  is  to  make  him  the  embodiment  of 
evil,  the  moral  scarecrow  of  the  times.  True,  he  ended 
well.     True,  that  as  he  stood  and  died  by  his  hearth- 

*  Extracts  from  a  Memorial  prepared  bj-  the  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
Wilmington,  N.  C. 


Hon.  George  Davis. 


112  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

stone,  fighting  as  he  believed  for  God  and  country,  he 
was  something  for  men  and  gods  to  behold.  But  what  is 
that  to  them '?  They  desire  to  see  nothing  but  his  hu- 
miliation, aud  to  their  distorted  vision,  Belisarius,  blind 
and  begging  at  the  Roman  gates,  was  not  half  so  poor 
a  sight.  They  cannot  forgive  him  for  having  been  great, 
and  they  delight  to  howl  the  death  song  of  his  great- 
ness. They  trample  on  its  grave.  ::'  ~::'  *  And  they 
think  they  have  buried  it  out  of  their  sight  forever. 
And  do  they  think  that  the  spirit  which  brought  this 
Republic  out  of  chaos,  and  directed  it  for  the  fifty  years 
of  its  truest  greatness  aud  purity,  can  be  annihilated  by 
a  proclamation  ?  And  do  tli3y  believe  that  Washington 
aud  Jefferson,  and  Jackson  and  Clay,  and  Stonewall  and 
Lee,  and  all  the  long  roll  of  our  heroes  and  patriots-sand 
statesmen,  are  but  dead  names,  pale  ghosts  that  can  but 
squeak  and  gibber  at  their  fallen  greatness  ?  That  they 
have  left  no  living  memories  in  their  children's  hearts, 
no  sacred  seed  that  can  once  more  bourgeon  and  bloom 
for  our  country's  honor.-'  Oh,  no!  That  spirit  is  not 
dead.  It  will  rise  again.  Not  m  the  old  likeness,  for 
old-  things  have  passed  away;  but  transformed  and 
quickened  into  a  new  life.  Once  more  it  will  make  itself 
a  name  for  tho  nation  to  sound.  Once  again  it  will  step 
to  the  front  and  pass  first  in  fight,  as  it  was  wont  to  do 
wherever  great  opinions  are  clashing,  or  a  great  cause 
imperilled.  Once  again  to  the  front,  whenever  and 
wherever  freedom's  battle  is  to  be  fought.  Once  again 
to  the  front,  no  more  to  contend  with  the  brethren  in 
arms,  but  only  in  the  generous  strife  for  the  glory  and 
honor  of  a  common  country." 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  113 

In  1861  the  shadow  of  a  great  national  calamity  ap- 
peared. Mr.  Davis  loved  the  Union,  and  steadfastly 
counseled  moderation.  His  appointment  by  Governor 
Ellis  as  a  member  of  the  Peace  Commission  created  a 
feeling  of  absolute  confidence  in  the* minds  of  conserva- 
tive citizens.  Upon  his  return  from  the  "  Peace  Con- 
gress, "  assembled  in  Washington  City  February  4,  1861. 
Mr.  Davis  made  a  powerful  speech,  a  masterpiece  of  ora- 
tory, which  profoundly  moved  and  stirred  the  hearts  of 
all,  he  concluded:  lt  For  his  part  he  could  never  assent 
to  the  terms  contained  in  this  report  of  the  '  Peace  Con- 
gress,' as  in  accordance  w7ith  the  honor  or  interests  of 
the  South. 

In  June.  1861,  Mr.  Davis  was  elected  Senator  to  the 
Confederate  Congress.  In  January,  1864,  he  was  ap- 
pointed by  President  Davis  Attorney  General  in  his  Cab- 
inet, and  he  was  held  in  the  highest  esteem  by  his  de- 
voted Chief,  as  is  attested  in  their  correspondence.  At 
the,  close  of  the  war  the  Attorney  General  was  impris- 
oned for  some  months  in  Fort  Hamilton,  and  was  finally 
released  upon  parole  not  to  leave  the  State  of  North 
Carolina. 

In  January,  1878,  Governor  Vance  offered  Mr.  Davis 
the  Chief  Justiceship,  made  vacant  by  the  death  of  Chief 
Justice  Pearson,  but  he  declined,  to  the  unbounded  re- 
gret of  his  friends  all  over  the  State. 

Mr.  Davis  was  a  splendid  illustration  of  every  manly 
and  noble  virtue,  chivalrous  and  honorable,  a  true  type 
of  the  Olden  School — the  type  that  never  had  its  supe- 
rior, and  that  never  will.  His  name  and  his  fame  will 
be  handed  down  from   generation  to  generation.     The 


114  The  Confederate  Reveille 

recognized  head  of  his  noble  profession  in  this  State,  no 
future  historian  can  ever  truthfully  record  the  great 
deeds  of  the  best  and  ablest  sons  of  this  noble  old  com- 
monwealth without  paying  tribute  to  George  Davis,  of 
New  Hanover. 

He  died  in  Wilmington,  N.  C-,  February  23,  L896,  and 
the  Christian  grace  and  dignity  with  which  he  met  the 
final  summons  was  but  the  crowning  glory  of  an  hon- 
orable and  exemplary  career  on  this  earth. 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


115 


Bryan  Grimes  Camp. 
Organized  May  30,  1883      Incorporated  March  11,  1885. 


EX-CONFEDERATE    SOLDIERS    OF    BEAUFORT 
COUNTY. 


When,  in  1861,  North  Carolina  withdrew  from  the 
Union,  and  Governor  Ellis  called  for  voluateers,  Bean- 
fort  County  promptly  responded  to  the  call.  Between 
1861  and  186.5  she  sent  to  the  front  no  less  than  ten 
companies  of  volunteers,  while  many  of  her  sons  enlisted 
in  other  commands. 

In  May,  1883,  the  Association  ex-Confederate  soldiers 
of  Beaufort  County  was  organized,  and  was  duly  incor- 
porated March  11th,  1885.   So  far  as  we  know  this  Asso- 


116  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

ciation  was  the  first  of  its  kind  in  North  Carolina.  The 
purpose  of  the  Association  was  to  ascertain  the  names 
of  the  soldiers  furnished  by  Beaufort  County  to  the  Con- 
federate States;  to  preserve  relics  or  mementos  of  the 
Civil  War,  and  to  cherish  the  ties  and  friendship  that 
should  exist  among  men  who  have  shared  common  dan- 
gers, privations  and  sufferings. 

The  officers  of  the  Association  were  a  President,  Vice- 
President,  Treasurer,  Secretary,  Commander,  Surgeon, 
Chaplain  and  Adjutant.  All  persons  who  served  in  the 
Confederate  army  or  navy,  their  sons,  brothers  or  neph- 
ews who  might  so  desire  were  privileged  to  join  the 
Association.  Major  Thomas  Sparrow  was  elected  the 
first  President;  Major  William  A.  Blount,  Vice-Presi- 
dent; Captain  William  Shaw.  Treasurer;  C.  C.  Thomas, 
Secretary.  The  name  of  Bryan  Grimes  Camp  was  chosen 
in  honor  of  the  late  lamented,  distinguished  and  gallant 
soldier,  Major  General  Bryan  Grimes.  The  annual  time 
of  meeting  is  May  30th,  which  time  has  been  regularly 
observed  since  the  formation  in  Ins:;. 

The  present  officers  of  the  Association  are  the  Rev. 
N.  Harding,  President;  William  Patrick,  Vice-President; 
Rev.  W.  H.  Call,  Secretary:  Captain  Macon  Bonner, 
Commander;  Captain  J.  G.  Bragaw,  Adjutant;  Dr.  J. 
M.  Gallagher,  Surgeon;  the  Rev.  C.  M.  Payne,  D.  D., 
Chaplain. 

The  present  Advisory  Board  is  as  follows:  W.  II. 
Stancill,  Edward  Tripp,  John  W.  Latham,  F.  H.  von 
Eberstein,  Pr.  J.  M.  Gallagher  and  Thomas  Allen. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  117 


LIST  OF  NORTH  CAROLINA  GENERALS  IN  THE 
CONFEDERATE  flRMY. 


1861. 
ADJUTANT-GENERA  L. 

James  G.  Martin. 

ASSIST  A  XT    A  DJUT ANT-GENERALS. 

A.  Gordon. 
John  C.  Winder. 
William  B.  Gulick. 

SURGEON-GENERAL. 

Charles  E.  Johnson. 

L864. 

ADJUTANT-GENERALS. 

R.  C.  Gatlin. 
Daniel  G.  Fowle. 

SURGEON-GENERAL. 

Edward  Warren. 

GENERAL  OFFICERS. 

LIEUTENANT-GENERALS. 

Theophims  H.  Holmes. 
Daniel  H.  Hill. 

MAJOR-GENERALS. 

Robert  Ransom,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of  the  9th 
Regiment. 

Cadmns  M.  Wilcox. 

!» 


118  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

William  D.  Pender,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of  the 
<*>th  Kegiment;  killed  at  Gettysburg,  Virginia,  July  18th, 

.^Stephen  D.  Ramseur,  entered  C.  S.  A .  as  Major  of  the 
loth  Kegiment ;  "killed  at  Cedar  Run,  Virginia,  October 
19th,    1804. 

Robert  F.  Hoke,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Lieutenant  of 
Company  H.,  11th  Regiment;  promoted  to  Major  of  the 
11th  Regiment. 

Bwan  Grimes,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Major  of  the  -1th 
Regiment. 

BRIGADIER-GENERALS. 

James  B.  Gordon,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Major  of  the 
1st  Regiment;  killed  at  Yellow  Tavern,  Virginia,  May 
11th,   ls<H. 

Matt.  W.  Ransom,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Lieutenant 
Colonel  of  the  1st  Regiment. 

William  R.  Cox,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Major  of  the  2d 
Regiment. 

George  B.  Anderson,  entered  C.  8.  A.  as  Colonel  of 
the  4th  Regiment;  mortally  wounded  at  Sharpsburg, 
Virginia,  September  17th,  1862. 

Lawrence  S.  Baker,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Lieutenant 
Colonel  of  the  0th  Regiment. 

Rufus  Barringer,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Captain  of  a 
company  in  the  9th  Regiment, 

William  H.  Cheek,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Captain  of  a 
comp  my  in  the  9th  Regiment. 

William  G.  Lewis,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  First  Lieuten- 
rii:  in  a  company  in^the  11th  Regiment. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  119 

Alfred  M.  Scales,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of  the 
13th  Regiment. 

Junius  Daniel,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of  trie  14-th 
Regiment;  killed  at  Cold  Harbor,  Virginia,  May  12th, 
L864-.  *■ 

William  McRea,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Captain  of  a  com- 
pany in  the  loth  Regiment. 

William  P.  Roberts,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Second  Lieu- 
tenant of  a  company  in  the  19th  Regiment. 

Alfred  Iverson,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of  the 
20th  Regiment. 

William  W.  Kirkland,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of 
the  21st  Regiment. 

James  Johnston  Pettigrew,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colo- 
nel of  a  South  Carolina  Regiment ;  his  regiment  took 
possession  of  Castle  Pinckney  and  afterwards  transferred 
to  Mcrris  Island;  joined  Hampton  Legion  as  a  private, 
and  went  with  that  .body  to  Virginia,  and  a  few  days 
afterwards  was  elected  Colonel  of  the  2 2d  Regiment 
(N.  C);  killed  at  Falling  Waters,  Virginia,  July  1-1  th, 
1863. 

Robert  D.  Johnston,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  a  Captain  in 
a  company  of  the  23d  Regiment. 

Thomas  L.  Olingman,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of 
the  25th  Regiment. 

James  II.  Lane,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of  the  28th 
Regiment. 

Robert  B.  Vance,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of  the 
29th  Regiment. 

Lawrence  O'B.  Branch,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel 
of  the  33d  Regiment;  killed  at  Sharpsburg,  Virginia, 
September  17th,  1862. 


120  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

Collet t  Leventhorpe,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of 
the  43d  Regiment. 

Archibald  C.  Godwin,  entered  C.  S.  A.  as  Colonel  of 
the  57th  Regiment;  killed  at  Winchester,  Virginia,  Sep- 
tember 19th,  1864. 

Beverly  Robertson. 

John  R.  Cooke. 

Wilcox,  a  Tenneesean;  Robertson,  a  South  Carolin- 
ian ;  Cooke,  a  Virginian,  all  commanded  North  Caro- 
linians. 

NORTH    CAROLINIANS    WHO    WERE    GENERAL    OFFICERS 
IN    SOUTHERN    ARMIES. 

Braxton  Bragg,  Brigadier-General,  1861 ;  command- 
ing at  Pensecola ;  Major-General,  1  s<>i>,  army  of  Missis- 
sippi; General,  1862;  ordered  to  Richmond  to  conduct 
military  operations  in  the  armies  of  the  Confederate 
States,  under  direction  of  the  President. 

Leonidas  Polk.  Major-General,  commanding  the  West- 
ern Department,  186]  :  army  of  Mississippi,  1S<»^ ;  Lieu- 
tenant-General,  1862;  killed  at  Pine  Mountain,  Georgia, 
June  14,  181)4. 

William  W.  Loring,  Colonel  commanding  District  of 
New  Mexico,  1861;  Brigadier -General  Army  of  North- 
western Virginia,  1861;  Major-General  Army  of  Miss- 
issippi, 1864. 

Benjamin  McCullock,  Colonel  commanding  Division 
of  Middle  Texas,  1861 ;  Brigadier-General  District  of  In- 
dian Territory,  1861 

F.  K.  Zollicoffer,  Brigadier-General  commanding 
Southeastern  Kentucky,  1861. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  121 

Gabriel  J.  Raines,  Brigadier- General  Army  of  Penin- 
sula, Virginia,  18(>1 ;  Superintendent  of  Torpedo  Bureau, 
1864. 

A    COMPARISON. 

The  following  was  prepared  by  the  kt  New  York 
Times1'  from  the  census  of  1860,  and  the  report  of 
losses  in  battle,  and  shows  what  the  "  New  York 
Times  "  calls  the  kt  heroic  valor  11  of  the  North  Carolina 
Troops : 

Killed  White 

and  Mortally  Popula- 

Wounded.  tion 

North   Carolina .., 14.522  629.942 

Virginia   5,328  1.047,299 

South   Carolina 9,187  412,320 

Georgia 5.553  591.550 

Mississippi 5,807  353,809 

Louisiana 9.714  357,456 

The  "  Times  "  also  gives  the  fact  that  North  Carolina 
also  leads  the  list  in  the  number  that  died  of  wounds, 
and  20,602  of  her  sons  died  of  disease.  North  Carolina's 
military  population  in  1861  was  115,369,  but  she  fur- 
nished 125,000  to  the  Confederate  cause. 

The  fame  of  North  Carolina  is  now  secure  in  history. 

A.   G. 


122  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

NORTH  CAROLINA   AT  APPOMATTOX. 


From  the  95th  volume  of  the  "  Rebellion  Records/' 
recently  published,  I  take  the  following  synopsis  of  the 
North  Carolina  commands  from  the  k'  Appomattox 
parole  list,"  showing  the  North  Carolina  brigades  at  the 
surrender,  with  the  commanding  officers  and  strength 
of  each. 

North  Carolina  had  there  paroled  one  Major  General, 
Bryan  Grimes,  and  six  Brigadiers,  i.  e.,  W.  R.  Cox, 
Matthew  W.  Ransom,  John  R.  Cooke,  William  MacRea, 
W.  P.  Roberts  and  J.  H.  Lane. 

Total  rank 
Brigade.  Commanded  by  and   file  sur- 

rendered. 

1.  Cox's Brig.-Genl.  W.  R.  Cox 572 

2.  Grimes' Col.  D.  G.  Cowand 530 

3.  Johnston's Col.  J.  W.  Lea 463 

4.  Lewis' Capt.  John  Beard 447 

5.  Cookes' Brig.-Genl.  J.  R.  Cooke 560 

6.  MacRea's Brig.-Genl.  Wm.  MacRea 442 

7.  Lane's Brig.-Genl.  J.  H.  Lane 570 

8.  Scales' Col.  J.  H.  Hyman 719 

,9.  Ransom's Brig.-Genl.  M.  W.  Ransom 435 

1 0.  *Barringers _ 23 

11.  *Roberts' Brig.-Genl.  W.  P.  Roberts 93 

Maj.-Genl.  Grimes  and  Staff 18 

Cummings',  Miller's,  Williams',  Flanners'  and  Ramsay's 

Batteries 150 


Total  North  Carolinians  paroled 5,022 

*  Cavalry. 

The  following  North  Carolina  regiments  were  in  the 
above  brigades  at  the  surrender:  1st,  2d,  3d,  4th,  5th, 
6th,    9th  (1st  Cavalry);   11th,    12th,    13th,    14th,    15th, 

*Hon.  Walter  Clark,  in  News  and  Observer. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  123 

HUh.  18th,  19th  (2d  Cavalry);  20th,  21st,  22d,  23d,  21th, 
25th,  26th,  27th.  28th,  30th,  32d,  33d,  34th,  35th,  37th, 
38th,  4-lst  (3d  Cavalry);  43d,  44th,  45th,  46th,  47th, 
48th,  49th,  52d,  53d,  54th,  55th,  56th,  57th,  59th  (4th 
Cavalry);  63d  5th  Cavalry);  1st  jNLorth  Carolina  Battal- 
ion Sharpshooters,  2d  North  Carolina  Battalion.  16th 
North  Carolina  Battalion  ; cavalry),  and  the  five  batte- 
ries of  artillery  above  named.  Total,  forty -two  regi- 
ments and  one  battalion  infantry;  five  regiments  and 
one  battalion  cavalry,  and  five  batteries  of  artillery. 
That  all  these  should  have  numbered  only  5,000,  rank 
and  file,  at  the  surrender,  shows  the  wear  and  tear  North 
Carolina  troops  had  sustained.  First  and  last,  by  the 
muster  rolls,  these  commands  had  contained  over  100,000 
men . 

The  kk  official  parole  list  "  settles  that  the  rank  of  Gen- 
eral John  B.  Gordon  was  only  that  of  Major  General, 
and  not  Lieutenant  General,  as  has  been  claimed,  for 
he  could  not  have  been  promoted  after  the  surrender. 
Major  General  K.  F.  Hoke,  of  North  Carolina,  there- 
fore, ranked  him,  and  next  to  Lieutenant  General  Long- 
street  and  8.  D.  Lee,  is  the  ranking  Confederate  General 
now  living. 

The  number  of  Confederates  surrendered  has  been 
often  stated  as  9,000.  The  number  of  muskets,  ex- 
clusive of  officers,  wounded,  medical,  commissariat,  ord- 
nance, etc.,  may  have  approximated  that,  but  the 
parole  lists  showTs  conclusively  that  at  the  supreme  mo- 
ment over  28,000  Confederates  still  abided  by  the  colors 
and  surrendered  with  Lee.  In  immediate  front  of  them 
was  Grant  with  130.000  men  and  100,000  men  in  call- 
ing distance. 


124  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

THE  FALL  OF  HATTERAS. 


The  Washington  Grays,  the  company  to  which  I  he- 
longed,  was  stationed  at  Portsmouth.  N.  C,  awaitiug 
transportation  to  join  the  Second  North  Carolina  Kegi- 
ment  (then  in  Virginia),  to  which  it  had  been  assigned 
after  volunteering  tor  the  war.  On  August  28,  L861, 
it  was  ordered  to  reinforce  Hatteras  in  company  with 
Tar  Eiver  Boys,  under  Captain  Johnson;  Morris  Guards, 
under  Major  Gilliam;  and  Hertford  Light  Infantry, 
under  Captain  Sharp.  We  proceeded  from  Portsmouth 
to  Hatteras  in  lighters,  and  arrived  there  a  little  after 
sunset,  and  landed  under  a  heavy  fire  from  the  Federal 
fleet.  Fort  Clark  had  been  evacuated  by  the  Confed- 
erates under  Colonel  \V.  F.  Martin,  and  its  garrison 
had  fallen  back  to  Fort  Hattera-.  The  land  forces  of 
the  Federals  were  on  the  beach.  Immediately  after 
our  landing  the  Federals  ceased  firing,  and  withdrew 
for  the  night.  The  Federals  were  commanded  by  Com- 
modore Stringlearn  and  General  B..  F.  Butler.  We  slept 
on  our  arms  all  night,  and  at  sunrise  next  morniug 
the  Federal  fleet  approached,  and,  after  manceuvering, 
opened  fire  upon  Fort  Hatteras.  The  position  occupied 
by  the  fleet  rendered  it  possible  to  bring  only  one  or 
two  guns  of  the  Fort  to  bear  upon  it. 

These  were  smooth  bore  32-pounders.  Most  of  our 
guns  bore  upon  the  inlet.  The  land  forces  kept  beyond 
our  range.  During  the  first  hours  the  fire  of  the  fleet 
was  at  raudom  doing  little  damage  to  the  Fort;  later 
on,  having  secured  perfect  range  and  having  brought 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  125 

all  their  guns  to  bear,  their  firing  became  more  serious, 
and  for  the  last  two  or  three  hours  the  bombardment 
was  terrific.  Most  of  our  guns  were  disabled,  and  about 
1  o'clock  Commodore  Barron,  commanding  the  Confed- 
erates, ordered  the  white  flag  hoisted,  and  we  surren- 
dered soon  after.  Our  force  was  about  seven  hundred. 
The  Federal  land  forces  made  no  demonstration  upon 
our  works.  The  garrison  was  taken  upon  the  Federal 
flagship,  Minnesota,  to  Governor's  Island,  New  York 
harbor.  No  lives  were  lost,  but  several  wounded.  In 
addition  to  the  other  troops  mentioned  were  the  Roanoke 
Guards,  under  Captain  Lamb,  and  a  company  from  Le- 
noir, under  Captain  Sutton.  W.  H.  Patrick. 
Washington,  N.  C,  April  8,  1898. 


LADIES  MEMORIAL  ASSOCIATION. 


Among  the  rich  legacies  bequeathed  by  the  Southern 
Confederacy  to  its  sons  and  daughters,  none  occupies  a 
more  hallowed  niche  than  the  record  of  unfaltering  loy- 
alty, true  self  abnegation,  and  loving  devotion,  which 
characterized  the  noble  womanhood  of  the  new  born 
nation.  Hearts  that  had  never  known  self-confidence, 
began  to  prompt  heroic  deeds  for  the  cause  they  loved ; 
and  hands  that  had  been  occupied  only  with  dainty  em- 
broideries, learned  to  knit  the  coarse  socks  and  apply 
the  bandage. 

To-day  the  same  spirit  is  prompting  those  noble  women 
and  their  daughters  to  erect  everywhere  within  our  bor- 
ders beautiful  and  costly  monuments  to  the  memory  of 
our  Confederate  dead. 


126  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

The  Ladies  Memorial  Association  of  Beaufort  County 
was  organized  September  3d,  1883,  by  a  number  of  the 
ladies  of  Washington,  who  assembled  at  the  court-house 
in  response  to  a  call  from  Major  Thomas  Sparrow,  who 
was  the  founder  of  the  ex-Confederate  Association,  he 
being  moved  by  the  desire  that  history  should  do  full 
justice  to  the  part  borne  by  the  sons  of  >orth  Carolina 
in  the  gigantic  struggle ;  and  that  the  memory  of  those 
who  fell  in  her  defense  should  be  cherished.  Its  object 
was  to  co-operate  with  the  ex-Confederate  Association, 
in  perpetuating  the  memory  of  our  dead,  and  to  gather 
the  sacred  dust  of  Confederate  soldiers  sleeping  in  the 
bosom  of  old  Beaufo.t,  and  place  them  side  by  side,  their 
last  muster  on  earth,  within  the  sacred  precincts  of  the 
cemetery,  o'ei shadowed  by  a  suitable  monument,  erected 
to  their  memory. 

By  faithful,  untiring  effort,  their  purpose  has  been 
accomplished,  and  the  work  well  done.  The  corner- 
stone of  the  handsome  shaft  that  now  graces  Oakdale 
Cemetery,  was  laid  May  loth,  1887,  with  proper  and 
impressive  services,  and  it  was  unveiled  May  loth,  1888. 
To-day  it  is  completed  with  the  life-like  sta.tu.te  of  a  Con- 
federate soldier. 

Coming  generations  must  be  told  the  story.  There 
are  graves  to  be  kept  green,  and  memories  to  be  cher- 
ished. It  is  the  privilege,  and  may  it  be  the  pleasure  of 
every  loyal  Southern  heart  to  aid  and  encourage  the 
work  of  these  Associations.  J.   B.   Gr. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  127 


REINTERMENT   OF   THE    CONFEDERATE    DEflD   fJT 
WASHINGTON,   N.   C. 


The  Ladies  Memorial  Association  had  long  desired  to 
gather  the  sacred  dust  of  those  who  bore  our  flag  and 
died  in  defense  of  our  own  beautiful  town,  on  Septem- 
ber 6,  1863.  At  a  meeting  held  in  January  they  decided 
to  do  so,  and  requested  Mrs.  W  H.  Call  to  perfect  ar- 
rangements, which  she  did,  with  the  efficient  aid  of  Mr. 
Marshal]  Jones,  son  of  an  ex-Confederate. 

We  found  them  sleeping  at  case,  beneath  the  strag- 
gling boughs  of  an  old  storm-swept  tree,  just  as  the  foe 
had  placed  them,  side  by  side,  in  the  sane  trench,  heads 
and  feet  together,  and  one  poor  fellow  lying  face  down- 
ward. We  took  as  relics  a  cavalry  man's  hat,  a  piece 
of  an  old  canteen,  and  a  few  buttons.  The  names  of 
those  removed  who  are  known  to  us  are: 

David  Redditt,  a  loyal  son  of  Beaufort  County ;  he  was 
First  Lieutenant  Company  B.,  Sixty -first  Regiment. 

"Riley  Laughinghouse,  Caraway's  Cavalry  Company 
of  Kinston. 

Henry  Clark,  Thompson's  Company,  Griffin's  Cavalry. 

Samuel  Rogerson,  member  of  Washington  Grays, 
Tenth  Regiment  Heavy  Artillery. 

Henry  Stewart,  Company  B.,  Tenth  Regiment  Artil- 
lery. 

William  McDevitt,  Company  L,  Third  North  Carolina 
State  Troops. 

A  member  of  Gray's  Cavalry,  name  unknown. 

In  the  near  future  we  will   remove  all  of  our  dead  to 


l^s  The   Confederate   Reveille. 

the  monument  plat.  The  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy- 
will  continue  this  grand  work.  The  Children  of  the 
Confederacy,  Washington  Grays'  Chapter,  will  mark 
the  graves  of  the  ahove  names,  and  also  others. 

"  Let  the  men  whom  Lee  and  Stonewall  led. 
And  the  hearts  that  once  together  bled, 
Together  let  them  sleep." 

Maggie  Arthur  Call. 


MEMORIAL  D0Y  AND  OUR  ORATOR. 


Perhaps  the  most  distinguished  private  soldier  among 
North  Carolina's  sons  is  our  orator  to-day,  in  the  person 
of  Colonel  Julian  Shakespeare  Carr,  of  Durham,  In.  C. 

It  is  said  he  never  lost  a  single  day's  duty  during  the 
entire  period  of  his  services  in  the  Confederacy.  A 
favor,ite  always  among  his  comrades,  he  preferred  to  be 
simply  a  private,  in  order  to  be  "  among  the  boys, " 
although  he  carried  in  his  pocket  a  detail  as  an  officer 
on  the  staff  of  General  Barringer.  The  Ladies'  Memo- 
rial Association  of  Washington  have  been  fortunate  in 
securing  so  courtly  and  gallant  a  gentleman,  and  it 
seems  peculiarly  appropriate  that  at  the  unveiling  of  the 
statute  on  the  Confederate  monument  to  the  Private 
Soldier,  that  Colonel  Julian  S.  Carr  should  be  our  gifted 
orator. 


PROGRAMME 
Memorial  Day,  May  10th,  1898,  Washington.  N.  C. 


Part  1. 


Decoration  of  Graves,  9  a.  m.—  Ladies'  Memorial  Association,  Pam- 
lico Chapter  U.  D.  C. 


Colonel  J.  S.  Carr. 


130  The   Confederate  Reveille. 

Part  2. 

Forming  of  Procession,  10  a.  m..  at  Town  Hall. 

Chief  Marshal — Col.  Frank  M.  Parker.  Enfield. 

Assistant  Marshals— Capt.  T.  M.  Allen,  Mr.  Alston  Grimes,  Mr.  R.  R. 
Warren,  Mr.  J.  J.  Laughinghouse,  Mr.  J.  B.  Sparrow,  Mr.  John  W. 
Latham. 

Order  of  Procession — 

Washington  Cornet  Band. 

Washington  Light  Infantry. 

Bryan  Grimes  Camp.  No.  421.  U.  C.  V. 

Ex-Confederate  Association. 

Co.  K.  3d  N.  C.  Cavalry,  escort  to  the  Orator  of  the  Day. 

Carriage  containing  the  Orator  and  President  of  the  Ex-Confederate 
Association. 

Ladies'  Memorial  Association. 

Pamlico  Chapter,  U.  D.  C. 

Washington  Grays  Chapter,  Children  of  the  Confederacy. 

Public  School  Children. 

Citizens. 

Line  of  March — Market  Street  to  Confederate  Monument  in  Oakdale 
Cemetery. 

Part  3. 

Exercises  at  Confederate  Monument — 

Music— Band. 

Prayer— Rev.  C.  M.  Payne.  D.D. 

Music -Choir. 

Introduction  of  Orator — Mr.  J.  Bryan  Grimes. 

Oration — Hon.  Julian  S.  Carr. 

Music — Choir. 

Roll-call,  Co.  K,  3d  N.  C.  Cavalry — Mr.  Bog  Slade,  Orderly  Sergeant. 

Roll-call,  ex-Confederate  Veterans— Rev.  W.  H.  Call. 

Reading  of  the  History  of  the  Ladies'  Memorial  Association  of  Beau- 
fort County— Mrs.  W.  H.  Call. 

Unveiling  of  Statue.  -'The  Private  Soldier" — Miss  Mary  Kathleen 
Bogart. 

Presentation  of  the  Monument  to  "  The  Lost  Cause  " — Miss  Annie  T. 
Bragaw. 

Receiving  of  the  Monument  to  "The  Lost  Cause."  in  the  name  of  the 
old  soldiers — Rev.  Nathaniel  Harding.  President  of  the  Ex-Confederate 
Association. 

Music — Band. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  131 

Decoration  of  the  Mound  around  the  Monument  — Children  of  the 
Confederacy. 

Decoration  of  the  Graves  in  the  Cemetery — Ladies"  Memorial  Asso- 
ciation and  Pamlico  Chapter  U.  D.  C. 

Closing  Prayer  and  Benediction — Rev.  Nathaniel  Harding. 

Part  4. 

4 

Procession  will  then  he  re-formed  and  march  to  the  hall,  where  will 
be  served  the  banquet  given  to  the  ex-Confederates  and  their  guests, 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Ladies'  Memorial  Association  and  Pamlico 
Chapter  United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy. 


THE  UNITED  DAUGHTERS  OF  THE  CONFEDERACY. 


In  1891  the  Frank  Cheatham  Bivouac,  of  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  appealed  to  the  ladies  of  that  city  for  aid  in 
securing  a  Soldiers*  Home  for  their  disabled  veterans. 
This  Auxiliary  was  formed,  and  after  erecting  a  hand- 
some building  for  this  purpose,  on  the  farm  formerly 
owned  by  General  Andrew  Jackson,  they  conceived  the 
idea  of  merging  themselves  into  an  organisation,  known 
as  "  The  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy.'  and  resulted 
in  the  formation  of  the  Nashville  Chapter,  May,  1893. 
This  worthy  action  was  followed  in  other  Southern 
States,  and  at  the  "called  meeting,"  March,  1895,  I 
state  with  pride  that  North  Carolina  was  among  the 
first,  and  only  four  Chapters  then  organized,  viz. :  Nash- 
ville, Tennessee. — Savannah,  Geoigia.  — Cape  Fear  Chap- 
ter, Wilmington,  N.  C,  and  Jackson,  Tennessee. 

The  original  officers  were :  President,  Mrs.  M.  G.  Good- 
let,  Tennessee;  First  Vice-President,  Mrs.  L.  H.  Raines, 
Georgia;  Second  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Kate  Cabell,  Cur- 
rie,  Texas:  Third  Vice-President,  Miss  White  May,  Ten- 
nessee: Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  John  P.  Hickman, 
Tennessee;  Corresponding  Secretary,  Mrs.  J.  B.  Linds- 
ley,  Tennessee;  Treasurer,   Mrs.  W.  Maney,  Tennessee. 


132  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

Too  much  cannot  be  said  of  our  loved  President.  Mrs. 
Goodlet,  who  has  so  faithfully  given  her  time  and  heart 
to  the  establishment  of  this  Association;  and,  as  she 
graciously  says,  it  has  been  with  her  a  labor  of  love. 
We,  the  Daughters  of  North  Carolina,  tender  to  her  our 
heartfelt  gratitude  and  appreciation. 

Those  entitled  to  membership  of  the  United  Daugh- 
ters of  the  Confederacy  are  the  widows,  wives,  mothers, 
sisters,  nieces,  and  lineal  descendents  of  such  men  as 
served  honorably  in  the  Confederate  Army,  Navy  or 
Civil  Service;  or  women  and  their  descendents  who  can 
give  proof  of  personal  service  and  loyal,  material  aid  to 
the  Confederacy.  Our  last  annual  Convention  was  held 
in  Baltimore,  November,  1897.  Realizing  the  necessity 
of*  perfect  union  and  accord  among  all  women  engaged 
in  Confederate  work.  "  The  Grand  Division  of  Virginia," 
a  similar  Association,  offered  to  co-operate  with  us,  and 
agreed  to  revise  its  Constitution.  Concessions  were 
made  on  both  sides  and  this  Division  allowed  to  preserve 
its  organization  intact  and  enter  as  a  body  of  about  two 
thousand  members.  The  entire  and  total  mebership  of 
the  United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  now  number- 
ing over  ten  thousand.  Thus  proving  that  the  "  Lost 
Cause  ,1  can  never  die  in  the  hearts  of  Southern  women. 
The  soul-stirring  objects  of  this  Association  are  educa- 
tional, benevolent,  literary  and  memorial.  Besides  the 
erection  of  Confederate  monuments  in  many  of  the 
Southern  States,  we  have  already  placed  headstones  at 
many  of  the  graves  of  our  soldiers  who  died  in  North- 
ern prisons  and  are  buried  in  their  cemeteries.  All  the 
Chapters  are  enthusiastic  in  work  pertaining  to  the  pre- 


The  Confederate   Reveille.  133 

servation  of  the  History  of  the  Confederacy  in  its  hon- 
ored integrity ;  and  through  their  efforts  histories  that 
deal  unfairly  with  the  Confederacy  have  already  in  some 
States  been  abolished.  On  the  above  subject  the  follow- 
ing resolutions  were  adopted  at  ^  our  last  Convention, 
November,  1897: 

Resolved,  That  we,  the  United  Daughters  of  the  Con- 
federacy, protest  against  the  utterances  emanating  from 
the  Chair  of  History  in  the  University  of  the  South,  at 
Sewauee,  Tennessee.  The  publication  issued  under  the 
name,  ' k  Southern  Statesmen  of  the  Old  Regime, ' '  and 
which  owes  its  authorship  to  the  Professor  of  History 
in  that  Institution,  is  not  a  fair  or  impartial  criticism  of 
either  Mr.  Calhoun  or  Mr.  Davis,  and,  as  such,  tends  to 
prejudice  students  against  these  prominent  expounders 
of  the  doctrine  of  States's  rights;  also 

Resolved,  That  iu  the  opinion  of  the  Daughters  of  the 
Confederacy,  if  the  minds  of  the  Southern  youth  are 
poisoned  at  the  very  fountain  heads  of  learning,  then, 
indeed,  has  come  the  conquest  of  opinion  which  William 
Gil  more  Simms  feared  would  follow  the  conquest  of 
war,  and  which,  we  believe,  will  be  far  more  disastrous 
in  its  consequences.  ::'  *  ::"  Whereas,  the  school  his- 
tories of  the  United  States  now  in  use  in  our  Southern 
schools,  coming  from  Northern  authors  and  Northern 
publishing  houses,  do  not  properly  set  forth  many  mat- 
ters pertaining  to  the  character  of  the  Southern  people 
and  their  peculiar  institutions,  habits  and  modes  of  liv- 
ing; do  not  correctly  state  the  causes  that  led  up  to  the 
recent  war  between  the  States;  misrepresent  a  great 
many  of  the  happenings  of  that  important  era;  leave 
out  much  that  would  redound  to  Southern  patriotism 
and  courage;  and  by  the  use  of  such  terms  as  "  rebel- 
lion. "  "  rebels, "  "  treason, ' '  and  k '  traitors, ' '  would 
give  our  children  false  ideas  of  our  cause,  of  our  people, 
and  of  their  conduct;  therefore  be  it 

10 


134  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

Resolved  by  the  United  Daughters  of  the  Confed- 
eracy in  Convention  assembled,  That  realizing  the  need 
of  a  true,  unbiased,  impartial  school  history  of  the 
United  States  in  our  Southern  schools,  wherein  our 
Southern  cause  and  Southern  people  shall  be  truly  vin- 
dicated and  set  forth,  we  take  immediate  steps  to  secure 
the  production  and  publication  of  the  same :  also, 

Eesolved,  That  we  solicit  the  aid  and  patronage  of  all 
the  Daughters  who  may  desire  to  have  our  children 
taught  the  truth,  unobscured  by  sectionalism  or  parti- 
sanship; and  to  that  end  we  place  the  introduction  of 
this  history  into  our  schools  in  the  hands  of  each  local 
branch  of  our  organization. 

Among  other  works  of  the  United  Daughters  of  the 
Confederacy,  the  individual  Chapters  in  the  different 
States  endeavor  to  care  for  the  soldiers  in  their  midst, 
and  in  those  homes  where  poverty,  age  and  sorrow  have 
crept — also  the  ministering  hand  of  our  Daughters  will 
be  found,  for  ne'er  was  Soldier  more  loyal  to  the  South 
— than  Woman  to  the  Soldier! 

The  United  Daughters  of  the  Confederacy  fully  realize 
the  importance  of  raising  one  hundred  thousand  dollars 
($100, ooo),  requisite  to  the  same  generous  amount  offered 
by  Mr.  Eouss,  as  the  Battle  Abbey  would  secure  im- 
mortal fame  to  our  heroes  and  like  our  glorious,  beauti- 
ful South  itself,  grandly  and  proudly  assert :  Men  of  the 
nation — we  are  not  conquered ! 

Truly  the  South  has  had  her  Baptism  of  Sorrow — yea, 
her  very  heart  hath  bled,  but  the  heroic  spirit  of  the 
Confederate  soldier  survives  in  the  hearts  of  the  Sons 
and  Daughters  of  this  Land  that  we  love. 

M.  0.  Gk 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


135 


NORTH  CAROLINA    DIVISION    UNITED    DAUGHTERS 
OF  THE  CONFEDERACY. 


Organized   April  28th,   1896. 


STATE  OFFICERS. 

Mrs.  Wm.  M.  Parsley,  Wilmington President. 

Mrs.  Bryan  Grimes.  Washington First  Vice-President. 

Mrs.  John  S.  Henderson.  Salisbury.. Second  Vice-President. 

Mrs.  John  W.  Hinsdale.  Raleigh ___Third  Vice-President. 

Miss  Fanny  L.  Patton.  Asheville Fourth  Vice-President. 

Mrs.  W.  S.  Parker,  Henderson Fifth  Vice-President. 

Miss  Kate  McKimmon.  Raleigh Recording  Secretary. 

Mrs.  Martin  S.  Willard.  Wilmington Corresponding  Secretary. 

Mrs.  Gaston  Meares.  Wilmington . Treasurer. 

Miss  Lida  T.  Rodman,  Washington Registrar. 

Mrs.  Arniistead  Jones.  Raleigh Historian. 


CAPE  FEAR  CHAPTER-WILMINGTON. 

No.  of  Charter.  8 -Date,  December  24th,  18)4. 

OFFICERS. 

Parsley,  Mrs.  Wm.  M President. 

Holmes,  Mrs.  Gabriel Vice-President. 

Sanders,  Miss  Mary  F Recording  Secretary. 

Borden.  Mrs.  H.  L Corresponding  Secretary. 

Meares.  Miss  Mary  F Treasurer. 

MEMBERS. 

Anderson.  Miss  Belle  Emerson,  Miss  Annie 

Borden.  Mrs.  Hattie  L.  Gore.  Miss  Julia 

Brown,  Mrs.  C.  C.  Hedrick,  Mrs.  John  J. 

Brown,  Miss  Maggie  F.  Huggins.  Mrs.  L. 

Bunting.  Mrs.  T.  O.  James,  Miss  Hettie 

Bunting.  Miss  M.  L.  James,  Miss  Julia  R. 

Bolles.  Miss  Hannah  James.  Mrs.  Josh.  T. 

Belden.  Miss  Isabel  James,  Mrs.  John  C. 

Carmichael.  Mrs.  James  Kenan.  Miss  Sarah  G. 

Carmichael.  Mrs   Wallace  Lippitt,  Mrs.  Devereaux 

Calder.  Miss  Mary  F.  Lord,  Miss  Athalia 

Collier.  Mrs.  S.  P.  Legge.  Miss  Mary  B. 

Davis.  Mrs.  Junius  Maffitt,  Miss  Carrie  D. 

De  Rosset.  Mrs.  J.  D.  Meares,  Mrs.  Gaston 

De  Rosset.  Miss  Kate  Manning.  Mrs.  P.  B. 

Dunn.  Mrs.  Fannie  D.  Myers.  Mrs.  Chas.  D. 

Emerson,  Mrs.  H.  M.  Myers.  Miss  Carrie  K. 

Emerson.  Miss  Elise  Metts,  Miss  Eliza. 


136 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


Moore.  Mrs.  Roger 
McQueen.  Miss  Sue 
Oldham.  Mrs.  Wm.  P. 
Owen.  Mrs.  V.  G. 
O'Connor,  Mrs.  M.  R. 
0"Connor.  Miss  Mae  I. 
Parsley.  Mrs.  Agues  M. 
Pemberton.  Mrs.  M.  B.  T. 
Price,  Miss  Bettie  K. 
Pritckard.  Mrs.  G.  G. 
Rankin.  Mrs.  John  T. 
Rountree.  Mrs.  George 
Savage,  Miss  Anna  P. 
Savage,  Miss  Isabel 


Sprunt.  Mrs.  T.  E. 
Stevenson,  Mrs.  J.  T. 
Stevenson.  Miss  Christine 
Stevenson.  Mrs.  Bettie  J. 
Taylor.  Mrs.  John  D. 
Taylor.  Miss  Fannie 
Tennent,  Mrs.  H.  T. 
Watson,  Mrs.  Mary  L. 
Watters,  Mrs.  Kate  L. 
Whiting,  Mrs.  W.  H.  C. 
Wiggins,  Miss  Bessie  L. 
Willard,  Mrs.  E   G. 
Woolvin.  Mrs.  J.  K. 


68. 


PAMLICO  CHAPTER,   NO.  4  i— WASHINGTON. 
Organized  January  27th.  189G. 

OFFICERS. 

Grimes.  Mrs.  Bryan President. 

Burbank.  Mrs.  Frontis First  Vice-President. 

Hodges,  Mrs.  Robert Second  Vice-President. 

Hoyt.  Miss  E.  M.  B .  Recording  Secretary. 

Payne,  Mrs.  C.  M '...  Corresponding  Secretary. 

Latham.  Miss  Elizabeth Treasurer. 

MEMBERS 

Avers.  Mrs.  Gallagher,  Miss  Sallie  M. 

Burbank,  Miss  Jennie  J.  Grimes,  Mrs.  J.  Bryan 

Burbank.  Mrs.  Mary  Eliza  Grimes.  Miss  Susan 

Burbank,  Miss  Jessie  G.  Grimes,  Miss  Theodora 

Burbank.  Miss  Mary  U.  Grimes.  Mrs.  Walter 

Blount,  Mrs.  T.  11,  '  Uuion.  Mrs.  O.  H. 

Blount,  Mrs.   Henry  N.  Gaskill.  Mrs.  John 

Blount.  Miss  Margaret  Harding.  Mrs.  Nathaniel 

Brown,  Mrs.  Martha  Harding.  Miss  Elizabeth 

Brown,  Miss  Charlotte  Harding,  Mrs.  T.  J. 

Bragaw,  Miss  Annie  T.  Haughton.  Mrs. 

Bragaw.  Mrs.  S.  C.  Hodges.  Mrs.  R,  T. 

Bright,  Mrs.  Julia  Hoyt,  Miss  Margaret  G. 

Branch,  Mrs.  W.  A.  B.  Jarvis.  Mrs.  Jennie  J. 

Beckvvith.  Mrs.  S.  T.  Jarvis,  Miss  Annie 

Bogart.  Miss  Alice  W.  Jarvis,  Mrs.  Christine 

Call.  Mrs    Margaret  Arthur  Johnson.  Mrs   R.  J. 

Carter.  Mrs.  David   u  Jordan,  Mrs.  William 

Crumpler,  Mrs.  W.  J.  Jordan.  Miss  Julia 

Carraway.  Miss  Kate  L.  Knight.  Mrs.  Mary  Eliza 

De  Mille.  Miss  Annie  Lewis.  Mrs.  Richard 

Ellsworth.  Mrs.  Arthur  Latham.  Mrs.  Tlios.  J. 

Ellison,  Miss  P.  A.  Laughinghouse,  Miss  E.  F. 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


13? 


Laughinghouse,  Miss  Hannah 
Morton,  Mrs.  W.  B. 
McDonald.  Mrs.  John 
Marsh.  Mrs.  Nannie 
Myers,  Miss  Janie 
Myers,  Miss  Penelope  B. 
Myers,  Miss  Mary 
Myers.  Miss  Olivia  R. 
Moules.  Miss  Mary  F. 
Moules.  Miss  Eleanor 
Mallison,  Miss  Lizzie 
Patrick.  Miss  Olivia  B. 
Patrick.  Miss  Fannie 
Patrick.  Miss  Annie 


Ross,  Mrs.  John 
Rodman,  Miss  l.ida  T. 
Rodman.  Mrs.  W.  B. 
Russell.  Miss  Mattie 
Smith.  Mrs.  Mary  Grimes 
Saunders.  Mrs.  Fannie 
Saunders.  Miss  Susan 
Satcnwell.  Miss  Fannie 
Small.  Mrs.  J.  H. 
Short,  Mrs.  Frank 
Short.  Miss  Addie  Lee 
Tavloe.  Miss  Ella 
Tavloe,  Mrs.  Jos.  F. 
Williams,  Mrs.  A  If. 
79. 


WASHINGTON"   GRAY    CHAPTER  OF  THE  CHILDREN  OF  THE 

CONFEDERACY.* 

Organized  October  9th.  1897. 


OFFICERS. 

Bridgman.  I'elia President. 

Jar  vis.  Margaret..' First  Vice-President. 

Gallagher,  Olive Second  Vice-President. 

La l ham.  Clara ..Secretary. 

Treasurer. 

MEMBERS. 

Tripp.  Martha  Carrow.  Annie 

Cutler,  Estelle  Mayo.  Adeline 

Cordon.  Nannie  Hill,  Lizzie 

Shaw,  Hannah  Mayo.  Lizzie 

Jones,  Annie  Rumley.  May 

Chapin.  Janie  Tayloe.  Sallie  Bett 

Chapin,  Argie  Tayloe,  Lucy 

Chapin.  Julia  Laughinghouse,  Mattie 

Styron,  May  Laughinghouse,  May 

Morton,  Tilly  Fowle,  Winnie 

Morton.  Irene  Fowle.  Caddie 

Small,  May  Belle  Simmons,  Claudie 

Blount,  Muse  Ellison,  James 

Cordon,  Etta  Payne.  Charley 

Farrow,  Mary  Bonner.  George 

Doughty.  Sadie  Bonner.  John 

Hodges.  Olivia  Payne.  Tom. 

Gaskill,  Annie  Pearce.  James 

Gaskill,  Alex.  McDevit.  Charley 

*  Auxiliary  to  Pamlico  Chapter  u"ntil  a  State  Division  of  Children  of 
the  Confederacy  shall  be  organized. 


138 


The  Confederate   Reveille. 


Bogart.  Kathleen 
Tingle.  Leona 
Roberts,  Fannie 
Roberts.  Bonnie 
Hiulnell,  Effie 
Mitchell.  Estelle 
Call,  Sallie 
Brown,  Ethel 
Traylor.  Zolota 
Everet,  Irene 
Payne,  Annie 
Hardison,  Courtney 
Peed.  Mabel 
Henderson,  Leuna 
Henderson.  Inez 
Hardison.  Bessie 
Manning.  Allie 
Rue,  Lizzie 
Carrol,  Annie 
Myers.  Sallie 


Hill.  Willie 
Shaw,  Linden 
Warren,  Frederick 
Bonner.  Eugene 
Short.  Murray 
Williams.  John 
Chauncey,  Louise 
Buckman.  Pattie 
Brabble,  Laura 
Bright.  Anise 
Bright.  Carrie 
Beckwith,  Gladys 
Saunders.  Mary 
Fowle,  Rob. 
Fowle.  David 
Moore,  Henry 
Carawan,  Lizzie 
Dupre.  Rena 
Dupre,  Inez 
Bridgman.  Henry 


ROWAN  CHAPTER— SALISBURY. 
Nj.  of  Charter.  78— Date,  Julv  31.  1838. 


OFFICERS. 

Henderson.  Mrs.  Elizabeth  B. President. 

Beall,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  H Vice-President. 

McNeely,  Miss  Fannie Recording  Secretary. 

Henderson.  Miss  Elizabeth  B .Corresponding  Secretary. 

Barker,  Mrs.  Mary  J Treasurer. 

MEMBERS. 

Beall,  Miss  Caroline  M.  Murphy.  Miss  Kate 

Boyden.  Mrs.  May  S.  Neave,  Mrs.  Carrie  H. 

Cain,  Mrs.  Sarah  J.  Neave,  Mrs.  Josephine 

Coit,  Mrs.  Anna  M.  Overman,  Mrs.  Flora  Calhoun  Keith 

Coit,  Miss  Josephine  Overman,  Mrs.  Jennie  W.  W. 

Cole,  Mrs.  Sallie  S.  Rankin,  Mrs.  Annie  R. 

Fisher,  Mrs.  Christian  Rankin,  Miss  Jennie  M. 

Henderson.  Mrs.  Mary  S.  Tiernan,  Mrs.  Frances  C. 

Holt,  Mrs.  Augusta    "  White,  Mrs.  Elizabeth 

Hunt,  Miss  Camille  Holt  Walker.  Miss  Henrietta  Brooks 

McNeely.  Mrs.  Hemietta  H.  Wren.  Miss  Mary  P. 

Montcastle,  Mrs.  Louise  H. 

28. 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


139 


RALEIGB  CHAPTER,  NO.  95— RALEIGH. 

OFFICERS. 

Hinsdale.  Mrs.  John  W President. 

Jones.  Mrs.   Armistead Vice-President. 

Olds.  Mrs.  F.  A_ Recording  Secretary. 

McKimnicin.  Miss CoiTesponding  Secretary. 

Parker.  M  rs.  Annie  Moore r Treasurer. 


Andrews,  Mrs.  P.  H. 
Branch,  Mrs.  L.  O'B. 
Bagley,  Mrs.  W.  H. 
Bridgers,  Mrs.  P.  L. 
Bridgers,  Miss  Mary  I. 
Cox.  Mrs.  Pierre  B. 
Devereux.  Mrs.  John 
Devereux.  Miss 
Devei'eux,  Miss  Laura 
Dovvd.  Miss 

Engelhard,  Mrs.  John  C. 
Gales,  Miss 
Hines,  Mrs.  Peter  E. 
Hinsdale,  Miss  Elizabeth 
Hinsdale.  Miss  Ellen 
Hinsdale.  Miss  Annie 
Hay.  Mrs.  T.  T. 
Hav.  Miss  Mary  S. 
Hay.  Miss  Belle 
Haywood.  Mrs.  Hubert 
Haywood.  Miss  Lucy 
Haywood,  Miss  Etta 
Hill,  Miss  Tempie 
Hill,  Mrs.  T.  H. 
Higgs,  Miss  Mattie  A. 
Higgs,  Miss  E.  Gertrude 
Jones.  Miss  Nannie 


59. 


Jones.  Miss  Mary  A. 
Jones,  Miss  Florrie 
Jones,  Miss  Fannie 
Jones.  Mrs.  Garland 
Jackson.  Mrs.   Herbert 
Kendrick.  Mrs. 
Kimborough.  Mrs. 
Landis,  Mrs. 
Mackay,  Mrs. 
Mackay.  Miss 
Mahler.  Mrs.  F.  L. 
Mahler,  Miss 
Moffitt.  Mrs. 
McPheeters,  Mrs. 
McPheeters.  Miss 
Root   Mrs.  Chas. 
Reynolds.  Mrs.  Wm.  N. 
Shi'pp.  Mrs. 
Stronach,  Mrs. 
Stronach,  Miss  Annie 
Stronach,  Miss  Alice 
Saunders,  Miss  Ann 
Southerland.  Mrs.  Thos.  R. 
Venable,  Mrs.  Thos.  V. 
Venable,  Miss  Gracie  . 
Whitaker,  Mrs.  Spier 
Whitaker,  Miss  Bessie 


ASHEVILLE  CHAPTER,  NO.    104— ASHEVILLE. 

OFFICERS. 

Patton,  Fanny  L President. 

Chambers.  Clara  A First  Vice-President. 

Redwood,  Susan  T Second  Vice-President. 

Child,  M.  E . . Recording  Secretary. 

Ray.  Nellie  E Corresponding  Secretary. 

Kepler,  Martha  W  _ Treasurer. 

MEMBERS. 

Albright.  J.  W.  Band.  Annie  W. 

Breese,  Cornelia  E.  Cain.  Edith  C. 

Butler.  Kate  La  P.  Dickerson.  F.  Byrd 

Bryce,  W.  A.  Duffield.  Sarah  E. 


1-1-0 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


Davidson.  E.  A. 
Ellerbee.  Blanche 
Ellerbee.  M.  F. 
Fur  man.  Carrie  D. 
Grant,  Caroline 
Grant,  Nannie  M. 
Grant,  Georgia 
Grant,  M.  Rose 
Hilliard.  Mary  D. 
Hilliard,  Margaret 
Hatch.  K.  Julia 
Hatch,  Susan  E. 
Hatch,  Emily  E. 
Hume,  Jane  W. 
Jones,  Mariella  D. 
Lee,  Sallie  A. 
Lee,  E.  Elizabeth 
McDowell,  Mary  C. 
McDowell,  Eliza  C. 


Morrison,  Ella  H. 
Pleasant,  Caroline  L. 
Penland,  Mollie  B. 
Pegram.  Kate  C. 
Patton,  Josie  B. 
Patton,  Martha  B. 
Redwood,  Helen  T. 
Ray,  Hattie  E. 
Robinson.  Mary  D. 
Sawyer,  Nancy  C. 
Sawyer,  Mary  C. 
Stockton,  Martha  C. 
West,  Sarah  B.  S. 
West.  Laura  M. 
West.  Evelyn  N. 
West.  Augusta  T.  S. 
Woodbridge.  M.  A.  E. 
Williamson.  Addie  D. 


.-,(). 


VANCE  COUNTY  CHAPTER,  NO.  143-HENDERSON. 

OFFICERS. 

Parker,  Mrs.  Lucy  Gloss. President. 

Harris,  Mrs.  Cary  Page First  Vice-President. 

Shannon,  Mrs.  Alice  Blount Second  Vice-President. 

Manning,  Mrs.  Fannie  Lewis Third  Vice-President. 

Davis,  Mrs.  Marie  W.  S Recording  Secretary. 

Perry,  Mrs.  Janie  Hall Corresponding  Secretary. 

Shell.  Mrs.  Mattiebelle  M Treasurer. 

Parham,  Mrs.  Maria  Louise Historian. 

MEMBERS. 

Averett,  Miss  Emma  Lassiter,  Mrs.  Ellen  F. 

Barnes,  Mrs.  Ura  Massenberg,  Mrs.  Carrie  T. 

Blacknall,  Miss  Carrie  T.  Parham,  Mrs.  Fannie  P. 

Burroughs,  Mrs.  Louise  B.  Perry,  Miss  Stella 

Burgvvyn,  Mrs.  Maggie  D.  Pittman,  Mrs.  Harriett 

Cooper',  Mrs.  Sallie  M.  Shaw,  Mrs.  Jennie  F. 
Lewis,  Mrs.  Carrie  S. 

21. 


NEW  BERN  CHAPTER— NEW  BERN. 
Date  of  Charter,  March  8th,  1898. 

OFFICERS. 

Hughes,  Mrs.  John _....- President. 

Oliver,  Miss  Mary Vice-President. 

Hendren,  Miss  Mary  L Recording  Secretary. 

Nash,  Mrs.  Mary  McK Corresponding  Secretary. 

Powell.  Mrs.  A.  H Treasurer. 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


141 


Arendell.  Miss  Annie  W. 
Arendell.  Miss  Carrie  E. 
Biddle,  Miss  Lizzie 
Biddle.  Mrs.  James  W. 
Brinson.  Mrs.  Kittie  E. 
Bryan.  Mrs   Edward  K. 
Bryan.  Miss  Mary  Lane 
Chad  wick.  Miss  Mabel 
Claypoole,  Mrs.  E.  H. 
Dillingham.  Mrs.  Susan  Stanlv 
Duffv.  Mrs.  Chas. 
Ellis'.  Mrs.  E.  B. 
Henderson.  Mrs.  Lisette  E. 
Hendren.  Miss  Caroline  M. 
Hollister,  Mrs.  Sophia  Jones 


35. 


Hollister.  Miss  Janet  T. 
Hughes.  Miss  Jennie 
Hayman.  Mrs.  T.  G. 
Hyman,  Miss  Anna 
Jones.  Miss  Leah  D. 
Jones.,Miss  Marie  Louise 
Jones,  Mrs.  L.  E.  Mitchell 
Mitchell.  Mrs.  Mary  Meadows 
Powell.  Mrs.  A.  B.' 
Powell.  Miss  Pearl 
Roberts,  Miss  Mary  C. 
Kountree.  Miss  Mattie 
Stevenson.  Mrs.  M   De  W. 
Slover.  Mrs.  Charles 
Thomas,  Miss  Julia 


JAMES    B.    GORDON   CHAPTER,  NO.  211— WINSTON. 
Organized  March  30,  1898. 

OFFICERS. 

Young,  Mrs.  John  R President. 

Bitting,  Mrs.  J.  A First  Vice-President. 

Williamson.  Mrs.  M.  N Second  Vice-President. 

Hall,  Miss  Delphine Recording  Secretary. 

Whitaker.  Jr..  Mrs.  J.  B .Corresponding  Secretary. 

Riggins.  Mrs.  Henry  L. . Treasurer. 

COMMITTEE   ON   CREDENTIALS 

Nissen,  Mrs.  George  Ogburn,  Mrs.  S.  A. 

Norfleet.  Mrs.  M.  W.  Smith.  Mrs.  Samuel 

MEMBERS. 

Barber.  Miss  May  Magruder.  Mrs.  J.  O. 

Blum.  Miss  Bessie  Manly,  Mrs   Clement 

Brown,  Mrs.  W.  T.  McArthur.  Mrs.  R.  M. 

Brown,  Mrs.  George  Mclver.  Miss  Lizzie 

Carter.  Mrs.  W.  T.  Mclver.  Mrs. 

Casey,  Mrs.  Fannie  J.  Montague.  Mrs.  H. 

Conrad.  Miss  Mary  Norrleet.  Mrs.  James  K. 

Conrad.  Miss  Fiances  Ogburn.  Miss  Ella 

Colwell,  Miss  Abbie  Owens,  Mrs.  B.  B. 

Cromer,  Miss  Bessie  Sheppard,  Mrs.  .James 

Dowdy.  Mrs.  Nick  Sheppard.  Miss  Carrie 

Fearrington.  Mrs.  Dr.  Mielton,  Mrs.  Charles 

Follin.  Mrs.  G.  A.  Smith.  Mrs.  Be  sie 

Gorrell.  Miss  Lucretia  Thomas.  Mrs.  D.  E.  Los 

Gregory.  Miss  Carrie  Whitaker,  Mrs.  W.  A. 

Hay,  Mrs.  S.  R.  Whitaker.  Miss  Sallie  J. 

Ireland,  Miss  Mabel  Williams.  Miss  Eva 
Jefferson.  Mrs.  Kate  J. 

45. 


142 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


THE  DODSON  RAMSEUR  CHAPTER— CONCORD. 


OFFICERS. 

Mrs.  John  P.  Allison President. 

Mrs.  J.  C.  Wadsworth  Vice-President. 

Mrs.  D.  Branson  Coltrane Secretary. 

Miss  Rose  Harris Treasurer. 


BOARD   OF    MANAGERS. 


Mrs.  J.  M.  Odell, 
Mrs.  H.  M.  Barrow, 
Mrs.  A.  B.  Young, 


Bost,  Mrs.  1).  Luther 
Brower,  Mrs.  R.  A. 
Barrett,  Miss  Lila 
Brown,  Miss  Maude 
Cannon',  Mrs.  J.  W. 
Coltrane,  Mrs.  L.  D. 
Cannon,  Miss  Nannie 
Durham,  Mrs.  S.  J. 
Ervin,  Miss  Janie 
Gibson,  Mrs.  R.  E. 
Gibson,  Miss  Kate 
Houston,  Mrs.  W.  C. 
Hall,  Mrs.  E.  H. 
Harris,  Mrs.  J.  E. 
Harris,  Miss  Shelbv  H. 
Hill,  Miss  Lalla 


Mrs.  R.  A.  Brown, 
Mrs.  J.  B.  Sherrill, 
Miss  Mary  Dodson. 


MEMBERS. 


I,. 


Irwin,  Miss  Bailie  B. 
Lentz,  Mrs.  A.  E. 
Leslie,  Miss  Laura 
Lore,  Miss  Lucy 
Leslie,  Miss  Lena 
Montgomery,  Mrs.  S. 
McDowell,  Mrs.  J.  C. 
Montgomery,  Miss  Mary 
Montgomery,  Miss  Lucy 
Morrison,  Miss  Kate 
Means,  Miss  Pauline 
Ramseur,  Mrs.  E.  R. 
Ramseur,  Miss  Mary 
Richmond,  Miss  Willie 
Stuart,  Mrs.  Will 
Young,  Mrs.  Robert 
42. 


STONEWALL  JACKSON  CHAPTER-CHARLOTTE,  N.  C. 
Application  for  charter  forwarded  April  26th,  1898. 

NAMES   ON    APPLICATION. 

Mrs.  M.  A.  Jackson President. 

Mi\s.  M.  L.  Barringer Vice  President. 

Mrs.  Armistead  Burrell Recording  Secretary. 

Mrs.  Laura  M.  Brown Corresponding  Secretary. 

Miss  Julia  M.  Alexander Treasurer. 

Miss  Kate  C.  Shipp,  Miss  Sallie  B.  Hoke, 

Mrs.  J.  L.  Chambers. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  143 

ORDER  OF  FORMATION  OF  CHAPTERS  IN  NORTH 
CAROLINA. 

1.  Cape  Fear,  of  Wilmington. 

2.  Pamlico,  of  Washington. 
'S.   Rowan,  of  Salisbury. 

4.  Raleigh,  of  Raleigh. 

5.  Asheville,  of  Asheville.  j, 

6.  Vance  County,  of  Henderson. 

7.  Newbern,  of  Newbern. 

8.  James  B.  Gordon,  of  Winston. 

9.  Dodson  Ramseur,  of  Concord. 
10.  Stonewall  Jackson,  of  Charlotte. 


144  The   Confederate  Reveille. 

CHILDREN   OF  THE  CONFEDERACY. 


On  seeing  an  article  in  the  leading  Southern  paper, 
the  'v  AtlaDta  Constitution,1'  telling  of  a  society,  formed 
by  Mrs.  D.  H.  Appicle,  of  Alexandria.  Virginia,  called 
the  Arthur  Herbert  Chapter,  Children  of  the  Confeder- 
acy, we  knew  it  was  a  step  in  the  right  direction.  Our 
little  folks  know  too  little  of  the  Civil  War.  we  cannot 
afford  to  let  bygones  be  bygones,  though  we  cherish  no 
ill  feeling;  we  must  hand  down  from  generation  to  gen- 
eration the  heroic  deeds  of  those  who  wore  the  gray ; 
we  must  tell  the  truth  to  the  children.  The  bravery 
and  tireless  endurance  of  the  Confederate  soldier  should 
be  instilled  into  every  Southern  child.  'Tis  said  women 
hide  their  dearest  treasures  in  the  corners  of  their  heart, 
so  it  is  with  the  women  of  the  South.  For  a  long,  long- 
time the  wound  was  too  fresh  and  quivering  to  be  held 
up  for  public  gaze.  We  could  not  sing  or  their  conquest, 
but  were  mute  in  our  defeat. 

••  Let  the  children  tell  the  story 
Of  the  cause  their  father's  led; 
For  our  sorrow  seals  our  utterance 
And  our  silence  shrines  our  dead." 

We  placed  a  notice  in  the  "  Evening  Messenger, ' '  Oc- 
tober 2,  1897,  asking  all  children  who  had  relatives  in 
the  Confederate  service  or  aided  the  holy  cause  in  any 
way,  to  meet  at  the  town  hall ;  sixty-five  children  came 
and  were  enrolled  as  members.  Since  that  time  our 
number  has  increased  to  eighty-eight,  and  we  confi- 
dently expect  one  hundred  to  march  in  line  at  the  un- 


The  Confederate  Reveille. 


145 


veiling  of  our  monument.    At  each  meeting  we  instruct 
the  children  in  the  history  of  the  South. 

We  hope  to  see  soon  other  Chapters  throughout  the 
State.  Maggie  Arthur  Call. 


UNITED  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS. 


North  Carolina    Division. 
Headquarters  at   Wilmington,  N.  C. 


General  William  L.  DeRossett,  Major-General  Commanding. 
Colonel  Junius  Davis.  Adjutant-General  and  Chief-6f-Staff. 

FIRST  BRKJADE. 

General  J.  G.  Hall,  Hickory.  N.  C  Brigadier-General  Commanding. 
Lieutenant  Colonel  Louis  G.  Ha}\  Hickory.  N.  C  Adjutant-General 
and  Chief-of-Staff: 

(AMPS  : 

No.  1G2.  Catawba,       ------  Hickory.  N.  C. 

212.  Cabarrus  Co.  Confederate  Vet.  Asso.,  Concord,  N.  C. 

309.  Charles  F.  Fisher.         -  Salisbury.  X.  C. 

319.  Col.  Charles  F.  Fisher,         -        -        -  Salisbury.  N.  C. 

394.  Col.  Reuben  Campbell,        -        -  Statesville,  N.  C. 

436.  Norfleet.         ------  Winston,  N.  C. 

480.  Camp  Puffin.         -----  Burlington,  N.  C. 

795.  Guilford  County.           -  Greensboro,  N.  C. 

797.  Surry  County.       -----  Mount  Airy,  N.  C. 

952.  Col.  John  T.  Jones,       -        -        -  Lenoir,  N.  C. 

SECOND  BRIGADE. 

General  William  L.  London,  Pittsboro,  N.  C  Brigadier-General 
Commanding. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  J.  G.  Rencher.  Pittsboro,  N.  C  Adjutant-General 
and  Chief-of-Staff. 

CAMPS  : 

No.  387.     Leonidas  J.  Merritt.     -  Pittsboro,  N.  C. 

382.     Mecklenburg,        -----        Charlotte,  N.  C. 
417.     Ryan. -         -         Red  Springs,  N.  C. 


14b* 


The   Confederate   Reveille. 


camps — continued. 

515.     L.  OB.  Branch,    -----  Raleigh.  N.  C. 

781 .     Walkup, -  Monroe,  N.  C. 

818.     Robert  F.  Webb,  -  Durham,  N.  C. 

830.     Richmond  County,       -  Rockingham,  N.  C. 

833.     Walter  R.  Moore.  -  Smithfield,  N.  C. 

846.     Anson.  ------  Wadesboro,  N.  C. 

852.     Fayetteville.         -----  Fayetteville.  N.  C. 

THIRD  BRIGADE. 

General  Frank  M.  Parker,   Enfield.  N.   C,  Brigadier-General  Com- 
manding. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  John  P.  Leach,  Littleton,  N.  C,  Adjutant-Gen- 
eral and  Chief-of-Staff. 

CAMPS  : 

No.  137.     Sampson.       ------  Clinton.  N.  C. 

254.'     Cape  Fear.     ------  Wilmington.  N.  C. 

326.     Junius  Daniel,       -----  Littleton,  N.  C. 

424.     Bryan  Grimes.      -----  Washington.  N.  C. 

794.     Thomas  Ruffin,     -----  Goldsboro.  N.  C. 

.    845.     John  C.  Lamb,      -----  Williamston.  N.  ('. 

894.     Drysdale.       ------  Snow  Hill.  N.  C. 

984.     Henry  L.  Wyatt.  -  Henderson.  N.  C. 

1053.     Cary  Whitaker.    -----  Enfield.  N.  C. 

1057.     James  W.  Cooke,         -  Beaufort,  N.  C. 

FOURTH   BRIGADE. 

('eheral  James  M.   Ray.   Asheville.   N.   C,..  Brigadier-General  Com- 
manding. 

camps  : 

No.  301.     Andrew  Coleman.         ...        -  Bryson  City,  N.  C. 

681.     Zebulon  Vance,    -----  Asheville.  N.  C. 

848.     Pink  Welch.  -----  Waynesville,  N.  C. 

91-1.     Confederate  Veteran,  -        -        -        -  Marion.  N.  C. 

924.     Confederate  Veteran,  -  Tryon,  N.  C. 

947.     Charles  L.  Robinson.  -        -        -         -  Franklin,  N.  C. 

953      Transylvania  County.  ...  Brevard,  N.  C. 

954.  James  R.  Love. Webster,  N.  C. 

955.  J.  J.  Gambell,       -----  Franklin.  N.  C. 

956.  Confederate  Veteran.  -        -        -     ■  -  Murphy.  N.  C. 
1045.     Cleveland  County,       -  Shelby.  N.  C. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  147 


STflFF  OF  WILLIAM   L.    DeROSSETT,   MAJ  -GEN. 
COMMANDING  N.   C.   DIV.   U.   C.   V. 


Junius  Davis,  Adjutant-General  and  Chief  of  Staff, 
Wilmington. 

Theodore  F,  Davidson,  Inspector-General,   Asheville. 

William  J.  Woodward,  Chief  Quartermaster,  Wil- 
mington. 

Samuel  H.  Smith,  Chief  Commissary,  Winston. 

John  Gray  Bynum,  Judge- Advocate-General,  Greens- 
boro. 

Joseph  C.  Shepherd,  M.  D.,  Surgeon-General,  Wil- 
mington. 

Arthur  B.  Williams,  Chief  of  Artillery,  Fayetteville. 

A.  G.  Brenizer,  Chief  of  Ordnance,  Charlotte. 
Rev.  Nathaniel  Harding,  Chaplain,  Washington. 

B.  H.  Cathey,  Aide-de-Camp,  Bryson  City. 
Wilson  G.  Lamb,    Aide-de-Camp,  Williamston. 
Henry  A.  London,  Aide-de-Camp,  Pittsboro. 

John  Badger  Brown,  Volunteer  Aide-de-Camp,  Balti- 
more, Maryland. 

Cicero  R.  Barker.  Color  Bearer,  Salisburv. 


WIT  AND  HUMOR, 


It  was  well  known  throughout  the  army  that  Jack- 
son's favorite  and  first-love  was  the  First  Brigade,  bet- 
ter known  as  the  "  Stonewall  "  Brigade.  It  was  always 
"put  in"  where   the   enemy  was   most   stubborn  and 


148  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

hardest  to  break.  The  morning  after  the  battle  of  Port 
Kepublic.  when  the  boys  weie  worn  out  with  hard 
marching  and  harder  fighting,  and  were  resting  on  their 
arms,  Chaplain dashed  up. 

' '  What  news  ?' '  cried  out  many  eager  voices.  ' v  Where 
are  the  Yankees  '? ' ' 

"  With  Old  Nick,  I  hope,'1  piously  replied  the  Chap- 
lain. 

k'  Well.  I  don't,"  replied  one  of  the  jaded  boys,  "  for 
if  old  Stonewall  knew  that  they  were  there,  he  w?ould 
send  the  First  Brigade  after  them." 


It  was  my  fortune  to  cpend  the  last  twenty-one  months 
of  thew^ar  at  that  delightful  summer  resort  and  favorite 
retreat  of  Confederate  officers,  known  in  k'  the  bills  of 
mortality  "  as  Johnson's  Island.  My  mess-mate  was 
Lieutenant  B.,  Fifty-fifth  North  Carolina.  One  night 
a  couple  of  prisoners  made  their  escape,  and  the  next 
night  the  prison  yard  was  alive  with  men  cautiously 
crawling  about  trying  to  "  follow  suit."  None,  how- 
ever, succeeded,  and  on  the  return  of  my  room  mates 
they  told  the  following  on  my  friend  George :  George, 
they  said,  was  crawling  on  hands  and  knees,  down  a 
ditch,  which  served  as  a  screen,  when,  to  his  sudden 
dismay,  looking  up,  he  saw  a  Yankee  writhin  six  feet  of 
him  with  his  "piece"  at  a  "  ready, "  and  apparently 
about  to  blow  my  friends  brains  out. 

"  Don't  shoot!  "  yelled  George,  springing  up;  "  Don't 
shoot,  I  surrender!  " 

No  answer  from  the  Yank,  and  George,  walking  up, 
found  that  he  had  surrendered  to  a  pump. 


The  Confederate  Reveille.  L49 

A  good  story  which  General  Fitzhugh  Lee  tells  of 
himself  with  infinite  jest  and  humor: 

After  Appomattox  our  trooper- General  was  trudging 
dejectedly  back  to  his  farm  in  Stafford,  when  he  met  a 
gray  back  with  a  gun  hurrying  k)  the  front  to  rejoin  the 
regiment. 

"  No  use, "  said  Fitz,  shaking  his  head,  bk  Lee  has  sur- 
rendered." 

"What?"  exclaimed  the  soldier,  standing  petrified. 
"  Did  you  say  Lee  had  surrendered  ?     It's  a  lie." 

Upon  the  sad  assurance  being  repeated,  the  poor  fel- 
low burst   into  tears  of   mortification   and   rage,    and 

blurted  out:    "  You  can't  make  me  believe  that , 

that Uncle  Robert  ever  surrendered   no  how!     It 

must  ha'  been  that foxy  Fitz  Lee!  " 


A    MODEL   LETTER   TO   PRESIDENT   DAVIS    FROM   A 
"YOUNG   LADY. 

"  Dear  Mr.  President:  I  want  you  to  let  Jeemes',  of 

Company ,  Fifth  South   Carolina   Regiment,  come 

home  to  get  married.  Jeemes'  is  willin;  Jeemes' 
mammy,  she  is  willin,  my  mammy,  she  is  willin,  but 
Jceme'  Captain,  he  ain't  willin. 

"  Now,  when  we're  all  willin'  'ceptin  Jeemes'  Cap- 
tain, I  think  you  might  up  and  let  Jeemes  come  home. 
I'll  make  him  go  right  straight  back,  when  he's  done 
got  married,  and  fight  just  as  hard  as  ever.  Your  affec- 
tionate friend,  etc.," 

Mr.  Davis  wrote  on  letter :  "Let  Jeemes  go;1'  and 
Jeemes  came  home,  married  the  affectionate  correspond 


11 


150  The  Confederate  Reveille. 

dent  of  Mr.  Davis,  and  returned  to  his  regiment,  and 
did  fight  just  as  hard  as  ever. 


A  certain  officer  of  Company  C.  Ninth  Virginia  Cav- 
alry, was  noted  for  his  neatness  and  conseqently  chaffed 
by  the  boys  a  good  deal.  In  1863  he  passed  through  the 
camp  of  General  Barringer's  North  Carolina  Brigade. 
He  sat  with  great  dignity,  and  as  erect  as  an  arrow,  and 
rode  aJong  amidst  much  bantering,  as.  "Good  morning. 
General1 ' :  "  Come  out  of  that  hat, ,?  and  "  Where  did 
you  get  those  boots  ?  "  etc.  On  arriving  near  the  Gen- 
eral's tent,  he  was  stopped  by  the  Tar-heel  Guard,  who 
observed  to  him  with  great  sympathy:  "Don't  you 
mind  them  boys,  mister.  They  are  always  hollering  at 
some  fool  going  along  here. 


Advertisements.  151 


DOBBIN    &    FERRALL, 

123  and  125  Fayetteville  St., 

"TUCKER'S     STORE," 


RALEIGH,    N.    C. 


North  Carolina's  Leading  Dry  Goods  Establishment* 


We  sell  at  lowest  prices  the  best  Dry  Goods  and  Kindred  Wares. 
The  very  fact  that  the}-  are  in  our  store  and  on  our  shelves  guaran- 
tees that  they  are  the  best.  In  this  age  of  progress  the  best  need 
not  cost  more  than  cheaper  goods,  and  they  do  not  at  our  store. 

We  have  a  complete  Mail  Order  Department,  and  give  the  very 
best  attention  to  all  orders.     Try  us. 

DOBBIN  &  FERRALL. 

ALERED  WILLIAMS  &  CO., 

♦♦♦Booksellers^ 

RALEIGH,   NORTH  CAROLINA. 


We  solicit  your  orders  purely  on  a  basis  of 
mrrit.  We  give  you  publishers'  prices 
and  the  quickest  service. 

SPECIAL  PRICE  ON  LARGE  ORDERS 


We  sell  everything  in  the  Book  and  Sta- 
tioner}7 line.  Catalogue  and  prices  free 
on  application. 


152 


Advertisements. 


Character  .... 

THERE  IS  JUST  AS  MUCH  DIFFER- 
ence  in  clothing  as  there  is  in  people  — 
some  are  expres-ive  in  their  general  ap- 
pearance-they  have  character. 

The  style,  design,  6nish.  workmanship, 
material"  all  contribute  to  the  desired  ef- 
fect. Such  clothes  cost  no  more  thau  the 
ordinary.     Our 


10 


Suits  for  Spring  have  all  the  essentials 
desired  by  an  up  to-date  dresser,  and  for 
service  they  are  equal  to  Miits  sold  by 
others  at  a  higher  price. 

J.  K.  HOYT, 

PKRFECT 

FITTING 

CLOTHIER, 

304,  306  W.  Main  St.,      Washington,  D.  C. 


THE- 


IN.  S.  Fulford 

Hardware 

Company 


Are  .... 
North  Carolina 
Agents  for  the 


Washington,  X.  C. 


MARSH 
STEAM 


6i?*     (<?•     (<?*     6^* 

PUMP. 


The  most  economical,  durable  and 
cheapest  steam  pump  on  the  market. 

An  investigation  into  the  merits  of  the 
Marsh  Pump  will  convince  the  most  skep- 
tical 

They  are  also  North  Carolina  agents  for 
the  celebrated 

GLADIATOR 

Cross-Stitched 
Rubber  Belts. 

Absolutely   the    finest    belt   that   can   be 
produced  at  any  cost 
Write  them  for  Catalogue  and  prices. 


EX  -  CONFEDERATES 

and  others: 

A  call  to  arms  may  be  finally  imperative 
to  settle  the  Cuban  difficulty,  but  the  sur- 
est way  to  secure  permanent  peace  and 
prosperity  for  yourselves  and  posteiity  ib 
to  buy  from  us  the  commodities  and  nec- 
essaries mentioned  below,  viz.: 

Insurance— 

In  all  its  departments— best 
companies— lowest  rates. 

Fertilizers— 

for  all  crops — highest  grade 
goods  only— cheap. 

Cotton-Seed  Meal— 

for  crops  and  stock 

Potato  Bug  Poison. 

Truck  Barrels. 

New  Bur  lap  Barrel  Covers. 

Special  attention  to  shipment  of  truck. 

Agency  for  Buckeye  Mowers. 

Your  interests  will  be  best  served  by 
conferring  with  us,  personally  or  by  mail, 
regarding  any  line  of  our  business  before 
closing  deals. 

¥M.  BRAGAW  &  CO., 


E.  M,  SHORT  ^  * 
LUMBER  COMP'Y 


KILN  DRIED  N.  C.  J> 
PINE  AND  CYPRESS 
LUMBER  <*J-J>J>  J- 
AND  PINE  LOGS,  jt 


March  10,  iS 


Washington,  N.  C. 


J 


Advert  isments. 


158 


Established  1865 
at  the  old  stand 


All  kind-  of  Repairing 
Neatly  Done. 
Orders  solicited 


MARKET  STREET, 
Opposite  Court  House, 

WMSIMOTOfl  ft  C 


Insure  YOIR  Life 


PENN  MUTUAL. 


ARTHUR  MAYO.  Agent, 
Washington,  N.  C. 


R.  B.  RANEY,  Gen.  Agt  , 

Raleigh,  N.  C, 


N.  C.  HOME 
INSURANCE 
COMPANY, 


INSURES 
AGAINST 
LOSS  BY 
FIRE. 


■         RALEIGH,  N.  C. 

ORGANIZED  in  186S  this  HOME  Com- 
pany has  paid  out  for  losses  more 
than  ONE  MILLION  DOLLARS  to  poli- 
cy holders  in  this  State. 

Wm.  Bragaw  &  Bro.,  Agents, 

Washington,  N.  C. 


MEMORIAL  DAY. 

As  this  Memorial  Number  of  the 
Reveille  is  a  fitting  tribute  from  the 
hands  of  the  fair  ladies  to  commemorate 
the  heroism  and  virtues  of  those  who  so 
nobly  defended  the  hearthstones  of  our 
sunny  Southland,  so  is  the  "Big  Racket 
Store"  a  never-ending  source  of  supply 
for  those  who  survived  the  great  struggle 
— their  families  and  friends  also.  We  carry 
the  largest  stock  of  Clothing,  Furniture, 
etc  ,  of  any  similar  store  in  Washington, 
and  our  enormous  sales  enable  us  to  make 
more  moderate  prices  than  most  others 
can  afford.  A  cordial  invitation  to  all. 
SPENCER  BROS.  CO.. 

Props.  "Big  Racket  Store." 


Fine  Teas  and 
Coffees 


M.  T.  ARCHBELL, 

Fancy  Grocer. 


Specialties — 
Royal  Flour. 
Fox  River  Butter, 
direct  from  creamery. 


If  You  Wish  Fresh  Candy 

Such  as  Chocolate  Creams.  Bon- 
Bons,  Lime  Drops,  Stick  Candy, 
Peanut  and  Cocoauut  Brittle,  call 
and  see  us  We  manufacture  every 
piece  of  candy  we  handle.  Our 
refreshing  drinks  and  ice-cream, 
made  by  Duffy,  have  a  State  repu- 
tation. We  have  the  finest  Ice- 
cream Parlor  in  the  State. '.v. v." 

Washington   Candy  Factory, 

Luther  Bryan  &  Co., 
112  Market  St.  'Phone  111. 


Wm.  M.  Bell, 

Jeweler, 

Washington,  N.  C. 


154 


Advertisements. 


CARTER  &  TAYLOE, 

322  West  Main  Street, 
Washington,  N    C,, 

LEADIng  Family  *£ 

3^       GrOCerS  in  the  city. 

All  goods  fresh  and  reliable.  Also,  a 
slaple  line  of  Dry  Goods,  Boots  and  Shoes 

When  you  want  the  best  of  everything 
to  eat,  ring  up  'Phone  No.  90. 


Kugler 
Cumber 

Washington.  N.  C.  Manufacturers 

KILN-DRIED 
LUMBER. 


John  C.  Rodman,  M.D., 

Physician  and  Surgeon, 

WASHINGTON,  N.  C. 


Office:  Main  St. 


STEPHEN  C.  BRAGAW, 

Attorney   and   Counselor, 

Washington,  N.  C. 


D.  T.  TAYLOE.  JOSH.  TAYLOE.  A.    K.   TAYLOE. 

Tayloe's  Pharmacy. 


519  Main  St..  Washington,  N.  C. 


W.  B.  Rodman,  W.  Demsie  Grimes, 

WASHINGTON,  N.  C.  GHEENVILLE,  N.  C. 

RODMAN  &  GRIMES, 
Attorneys    and    Counselors   at  Law, 

GREENVILLE,  N.  C 
Practice  Wherever  Services  Desired. 


W.   A.  BLOUNT. 


JNO.  G.  BLOUNT. 


Drs.  WM.  A.  &  JNO.  G.  BLOUNT, 


WASHINGTON,   N.  C 


B.  B.  NICHOLSON, 

Attorney  at   Law, 

WASHINGTON,  N.  C. 


H.    SNELL.  RHODES   GALLAGHER. 

Drs.  SNELL  &  GALLAGHER, 

Dentists, 

WASHINGTON,    N.    C. 


THOS.   J.   LATHAM, 

. .  Notary  Public* . 

OFFICE  AT  BANK  OF  WASHINGTON. 


CMAS.    F-   WARREN, 

Attorney  at  La<w, 

WASHINGTON,  N.  C. 


JNO.  H.  SMALL, 

Attorney  at  Law, 

WASHINGTON,  N.   C. 


Advertisements. 


155 


GO  TO- 


Gallagher's 
Drug  Store* 


....Established  1  840. 


Quench  Your  Thirst 

AT 

McKeel's... 
Soda  Fountain. 


Established   I886. 

H.  B.  MAYO. 

Buyer  and  Shipper 
of  all  kinds  of 

Country   Produce 

Highest  Cash  Prices  Paid. 

..Eureka  Lumber  Company.. 

INCORPORATED. 

Geo.  T.  Leach,  President  and  Manager. 
G.  A.  Phillips,  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

NORTH  CAROLINA  PINE 

K.1LN   DRIED 


E.  B,  MOORE,        Washington,  N.  C, 

Wholesale  Shipper  of 

FISH  AND  OYSTERS. 

Fresh  fish  carefully  packed  and 
shipped  to  all  parts  of  the 
country      Correspondence 
Solicited 

^THE  NEW  STORE! 


The  Minor  Parts 

Of  a  womans  wardrohe  should  have 
as  much  attention  as  the  more  impor- 
tant ones.  We  have  a  large  stock  of 
Lingerie,  complete  in  style  and  finish 
that  we  are  selling  at  a  low  price. 

R.  A.  KNIGHTS  ONE-PRICE  STORE, 


THOMAS    P.    HOWARD, 
Livery,  Sale,  Feed 

AND 

Exchange  Stables, 

Centrally  Located        Washington,  N.  C. 


USE  KINGAN'S 

Reliable  Shoulders  flavor  unexcelled, 
wrapped  in  white  parchment  paper. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers. 

USE  ROYAL  FLOUR 

Made  by  Votgt  Milling  Co.,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich.  The  Premium  Flour  of 
the  World  Sold  by  K.  K.  Willis  and 
M.  T.  Archbell. 

&  Co.,  Distrihaingflgts,  Washington, N.  C, 


C.  H.  STERLING, 

WHOLESALE 

e^Fish   and   Oyster   Dealer,j* 

MARKET  PIER, 
WASHINOTOM      IM.   C. 


A    FINE   ASSOWTMENT   OF 

...Spring  Goods,  Latest  Novelties... 


ALL   AT    LOWEST 
PRICES    AT 


Thomas'  Bargain  House, 

WASHINGTON,    N.   C. 


REMEMBER 

W.  B.MORTON  &  CO., 

Keep  constantly  on  hand  a  complete  line 
of  Furniture,  in  fact,  anything  desired  in 
that  line.  Also  all  grades  and  designs  of 
Mattings,  either  forcash  oron  installment. 
Also  Dry  Goods  and  Notions.  Call  and 
examine  their  stock  before  purchasing. 
Bargains  await  you  there. 


J.  W.  BRABBLE, 


SUCCESSOR  TO 
H.  E.  STILLEY, 


Staple  and  Fancy  Groceries. 

BJYER  OF  COUNTRY  PRODUCE. 


Water  St., 


WASHINGTON,  N.  C. 


156 


Advertisements. 


JOHN   M.   GASKILL.  s    R  FOWLE  &  SON, 


WHOLESALE 


Fish  and  Oyster  Ttealer, 

WASHINGTON,  N.  C. 


Hotel NicMion,  jgmI™ 

Centrally  located  on  Main  Street, 
One  Block  from  Pamlico  River, 

WASHINGTON,    N.   C. 

Good  Service.  Table  Supplied  with  Best 
the  Market  Affords.  Large  Sample  Room 
Free.     Rates  $2  00  per  Day. 


WASHINGTON,  N.  O, 

IMPORTERS   OF 

Molasses  and  Salt, 

Dealers  in  General 
Merchandise.^*^6 


DAWSON    &    CO., 
Pianos,  Organs,  Sheet 
Music,  Musical 
Merchandise, 

MAIN  STREET,  WASHINGTON,  N.  C. 

AT  Brown's  Pharmacy, 

You  will  find  a  full  line   of 
Drugs,  Chemicals, 
Stationery  and  Toilet 
Articles,  Cigars,  etc. 


1b.  Susman 

jpurniture 

Company, 


-Washington,  m.  <L 


All  orders  sent  us  shall  have  prompt 
attention.  Furniture  shipped  any- 
where in  North  Carolina. 


GEORGE  H.  HILL, 

Livery,  Sale,  Feed 
and  Exchange  Stables, 

WASHINGTON,  N.  C. 
R.     E.     HAKRELL, 

Wholesale  and  Retail 

Dealer  in  Fine  Confectioneries  of  all  K  inds 

Heavy  and  Fancy  Groceries, 
Tobacco  and  Cigars. 
Mail  orders  receive  prompt  attention. 


No  Excessive  Sweetening 
at  Tobacco  Prices  in 


R.J.R. 


Terms  Cash. 


208  Main  St. 


'Phone  1o4, 


MANDFACTURED 
ONLY    BY 

R.  J.  REYNOLDS 
TOBACCO  CO. 

WINSTON,   N.  C. 


Advertisements.  15' 


CHAS.  M.  WALSH, 

^STEAM^t 

Marble   and  Granite  Works, 

PETERSBURG,  VA. 


...MONUMENTS,  HEADSTONES,  TABLETS... 

Manufacturer  of 

*£  Iron  and  Wire  Fencing  ^ 


For  Cemeteries  and  other  Purposes. 


tfeg" Builder  of  Confederate  Monument  at  Washington,  N.  C. 

^-No.  4997.  "^ 

The  first  National  Bank  of  Washington,  fJ.  C. 

CAPITAL  STOCK,  $50,000.00. 

Opened  for  Business  May  9,  1895 — 


ACCOUNTS  OF  INDIVIDUALS  AND  CORPORATIONS  SOLICITED 


Officers:— J.  L.  Fowle,  Prest.;  D.  M.Carter,  Vice-Prest.;  A.  M.   Dumay,  Cashier; 
T.  F.  Brown.  Teller. 

Directors: -J.  L.  Fowle,  D.  M.  Carter,  S.  T.  Nicholson,  C.  M.  Brown,  K.  K.  Willis, 
A.  M.  Dumay,  W.  H.  Whitley,  Geo.  T.  Leach,  Edwin  Peterson. 


WM.  B.  RODMAN,    Olery  Headache  Powders 


"the  best  remedy 
for  headache  " 


^  attorney  B 

^  at  law,  ^  l0c-  P8r  Packa&e- 

MAIL  ORDERS  RECEIVE  PROMPT  ATTENTION. 

WASHINGTON,  N.  C.  DAVIS'  PHARMACY,         NEW  BERN,  N.  C. 


158 


Advertisements. 


DRY   GOODS,    SHOES 

NOTIONS,  CARPETINGS,  &C. 


J.  B.  HOLLAND, 

Pollock  Street, 
Ne<w  Bern.  N.  C. 


CATERS  TO  THE  MOST 
REFINED  AND  CULTI- 
VATED  TASTE..     


L.  H.  CUTLER.,, 
HARDWARE  CO. 

.Hardware   of  Every  Description. 

MIDDLE  STREET,.. 
NEW  BERN,   N.  C. 


1Rew  Kern's  ©nly  Booh  Store       A  J0  BAXTER 


FASHIONABLE  STATIONERY 
AND  LATEST  MAGAZINES... 
SCHOOL  BOOKS  AND  SCHOOL 
SUPPLIES   A    SPECIALTY  .... 

Mail   Orders    receive    prompt    attention. 
GEORGE  N.  EMMETT, 

101    MIDDLE   ST.,  NEW   BERN,    N.   C. 


AGENT    FOR 

SILKIES9  ^ELEiR/flTI 
"E,  F,  REE&"  . 

MIDDLE   STREET, 

NEW  BERN.  N.  C. 


USE  COLA. 


Headache  Powders. 


THE    NERVE    LULLABY. 


MADE    BY 


A.  E.  HIBBARD, 

DEALER    IN 

♦♦Matches,  CIocrs,  Jewelry 


C.  D.  BRADHAM, 

NEW  BERN,  N.  C. 


REPAIRING 
NEATLY    DONE. 


101  /middle  St.,  1Rew  IBern,  1H.  C. 


SAMUEL  L.  COHN  &  SON     ...Q  J.  McSorley  &  Co... 


FINE  MEATS. 
OF  ALL  KINDS. 

FINE  STALL-FED   BEEF  A  SPECIALTY. 

HI     HEST   CASH    PRICES 

PAID    FOR 

FAT    CATTLE,     DRESSED   POULTRY,    GREEN 

AND   SMOKED    SAUSAGES 

88  Middle  St.,  New  Bern,  N.  C. 


FRUITS,  CONFECTIONS, 

TOBACCO 

SMOKERS'  ARTICLES,  &C. 

"foot  and  Gold  brinks 
our  Specialty.^***** 

NORTH  COR.  MIDDLE  AND  POLLOCK  STS. 

NEW  BERN,   N.  C. 


Arthur  M.  field, 
<*  /manufacturing  Jeweler  <* 

Asbevillc,  1B.  c. 


Our  new  illustrated  catalogue  cheerfully 
sent  on  application. 

4QTSee  it  before  ordering. 


JOHN  DUNN, 

THE  FAMOUS  CASH  GROCER. 

Fancy  Groceries.     Family  Supplies. 

Goods  sold  at  lowest  prices  and 

delivered  in  any  part  of  the  city. 

Wholesale  orders  solicited  from  all  parts 

of  the  country Lowest  prices  and 

satisfaction  guaranteed 

55  BMIocr  St.,  Ukw  16cm,  W.  <L 


Advertisements. 


159 


J.  H.  HACKBURN, 

Successor  to 
Hackburn  &  Willett. 

Ladies'   Elegant   Dry  Goods   Emporium. 

DRY    GOODS.    BOOTS,    SHOES.         THE 

LATEST   AND    HANDSOMEST   DRESS 

GOODS  BROUGHT  TO  THIS  MARKET. 

FAMILY    GROCERIES. 

VISIT  US 

Then  you  will  surely  patronize  us.  and 
then  there  will  be  happiness  and  perfect 
contentment  unto  your  vine  and  fig  tree. 

SAMPLES   GLADLY    MAILED   ON    APPLICATION. 


^D.  R  JARVISj* 

Dry  Goods,  Shoes.  Notions,  Carpetings. 
A  most  popular  trading  place.  ...  We  carry 
one  of  the  largest  and  most  complete 
stocks  in  this  section  of  the  htate.  ...  We 
mark  goods  low  to  sell  them  quick.  ...  We 
are  headquarters  for  White  Goods.  Em- 
broideries and  Laces.  ...  A  large  assort- 
ment of  Farcy  Silks  for  Waists.  ...  All  at 
prices  as  low  as  can  be  obtained.  ...  We  are 
alwaj-s  glad  to  show  our  goods,  and  will 
send  samples  on  application 

63  Pollock  St ,  New  Bern,  N.  C. 


THOMAS   DANIELS, 

DEAtER   IN   AND  SHIPPER   OF 

Gbe  finest  fish,  Asters,  Clams,  £scallops  and  terrapin* 

Orders  Taken  anil  solicited  from  all  pans  of  tne  State  and  Promptly  Filled. 

Special  and  careful  attention  paid  to  the  selection,  packing  and  shipping  to  all  points. 
These  articles  in  fresh  c  >ndition  can  be  transported  to  any  points  within  the  State  on 
line  of  any  railroad  carrying  express  matter,  and  if  ordered  through  me.  will  have 
that  personal  supervision  in  packing  which  insures  satisfaction  to  purchasers.  Orders 
filled  immediately  on  arrival,  night  or  day. 

Correspondence  solicited  and  cheerfully  answered.  Middle  Street.  New  Bern,  N    C. 


CLARK  &  GUION, 
attorneys  and 


K.  R.  JONES. 


WHOLESALE   AND   RETAIL 

Dealer  in  General 
Merchandise,  <£>  <£ 

lPOllOCR  Stmt,  flkW  ffiCm,  fit.  C.  MIDDLE   STREET,  NEW   BERN,    N.   C. 


Counselors  at  Saw 


N.  NUNN  &  CO.,  (Beorge  Sloven 

selling  agents  for  Hardware,  Paints, 

HUYLER'S  Ariel  Bicycles,^ 

Delicious  Bon  Bons  and  Chocolates.  Buck's  Stoves  and  Ranges. 

new  bern,  n.  c.  73  Middle  St.,  fflewbern,  1H.  C. 


A  TIP 


To  those  who  like  to  be  well  and 
fashionably  dressed.  We  are 

ready  to  make  our  handsome  and 
stylish  stock  of  fabrics  into  perfect 
fittingsuits  in  the  latest  styles  We 
guarantee  perfect  fit,  hands  >me 
finish,  elegance  in  style  with  every 
garment  we  turn  out.      F.  IYI.  CHADWICK, 

1Q1     MIDDLE     ST.,     NEW     BERN,     N.     C 


DUFFY'S  OLD-TIME 
MOLASSES  KISSES 


ARE  SIMPLY    ELEGANT — THE 
FINEST.  MADE    OF    PORTO 

RICO    MOLASSES. 

Manufactured  by  the 
New  Bern  Candy  Factory, 


103  Middle  Street, 


New  Bern,  N.  C. 


160  Advertisements. 


Jas.  A.  Bryan,  President.     G.  H.  Roberts,  Cashier.     Thos.  Daniels,  Vice-President. 

Capital  Stock,  $100,000  1632 Surplus  Profits,  $90,000 

THE  NATIONAL  BANK  OF  NEW  BERNE,  N.  C. 

INCORPORATED  1865. 

DIRECTORS  : 
Jas  A.  Bryan,  J.  H    Hackburn,  Thos.  Daniels,  E    K.  Bishop, 

G.  H.  Roberts,  Chas.  II.  Bryan,  L.  Harvey,  John  Dunn. 


Superior  facilities  in  every  legitimate  branch  of  the  banking  business.     The  interest 
of  correspondents  carefully  guarded  and  served. 

Collections  and   Remittances  Promptly   Made. 

Correspondence  Solicited  from  Banks,  Corporations.  Firms  and  Individuals,  with  the 

assurance  that  the  special  endeavors  of  its  officers  will  be  to  give  you 

the  best  service  your  varied  interest  require. 

DISCOUNT  DAYS— TUESDAYS  AND  FRIDAYS. 

T.   A.  GREEN,   Prest-  E.   H.   MEADOWS,   Vice-Prtst.  S~\  ]\  A     A     l~i    TS~C*         f^*  f\ 

H.   M.  GROVES,  Cashier.  KJ .         1 VI  /\  H.  t\.  O        O  (_/ . , 

CITIZENS     BANK  Dry  Goods,  Shoes 

OF  NEW  BERNE,  N.  C,  j    -pjr.il. 

■J*Do  a  General  Banking  Business^  aild  Millinery. 

The  accounts  of  Banks,  Bankers,   Cor- 
porations, Farmers,  Merchants  and  others        Our  Spring  stock  is  now  nearly  complete, 
received  on  favorable  terms      Prompt  and  and  we  can  assure  our  customers  of  the 

careful  attention  given  to  the  interest  of  best  values  we  have  ever  placed  before 

our  customers.     Collections  a  Specialty.  them. 

board  of  directors:  _,  ..        , 

Ferdinand  Ulrich,  E    H.  Meadows,  Mail     Order 

J    A.  Meadows  Chas.  Duffv,  Jr.  Requests   are   answered    same    day    as 

Samuel  W   Ipock,  Jas.  Redmond,  received. 

Chas.  H    Fowler,  Mayer  Hahn, 

J.  W.  Grainger.  Thos   A.  I  Jreen,  0.    MARKS  CO. , 

E   W.  Smallwood,  C   E   Fov, 

Geo.  N    Ives,  W    F   Crockett  NEW  BEftNE,  N.  C. 

S.  Bridgeman,  President.  Thomas  J.  Latham,  Cashier 

Jonathan  Havens,  Vice  President.  Thos.  J.  Latham,  Jr.,  Asst.  Cashier. 

BANK    OF    WASHINGTON, 

WASHINGTON,  N.  C 

Organized  in   1893.  Chartered  by  the  Legislaturs  of  North  Carolina. 

DIRECTORS 


Dennis  Simmons,  Williamston.  N.  C.  Dr.  W.  A    Blount.  Washington,  N.  C. 

T.   R.  Davenport.  Pactolus,  N.  C.  Lewis  Latham.  Pantego,  N.  C. 

E   W.  Ayers,  Washington,  N.  C.  W.  P.  Baugham,  Washington,  N.  C. 

Frank  H,  Short.  Washington,  N.  C.  Col.  W.  B.  Rodman,  Washington,  N.  C. 

Judge  G.  H.  Brown,  Jr.,  Washington,  N.  C. 

CAPITAL  STOCK,  $50,000 

Surplus  and  Undivided  Profits,  $12,901.17. 

4®=$9,000  in  Dividends  Paid  to  Stockholders  in  '95,  '96  and  '97. 

THOS.  J.   LATHAM,   Cashier.